La institucionalización de la seguridad ciudadana en la Comunidad de Madrid

La seguridad es un asunto de primera línea en el debate socio-político, ocupa grandes espacios en los medios de comunicación y la acción político-administrativa en este ámbito es intensa, extensa, compleja y crecientemente sometida al escrutinio de la sociedad. La seguridad, una de las principales las funciones estatales, se ha convertido en una actividad central de la actividad gubernamental como consecuencia de las diversas e intensas demandas securitarias que realizan tanto la sociedad como el propio sistema político, a las que hay que agregar la complejidad de su prestación como servicio público en el marco de una sociedad diversa.Estas circunstancias son efecto de la profunda transformación de la vida social y económica acontecida en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, especialmente acelerada en su última década y durante la primera década del siglo XXI. Esta transformación se basó sobre dos conjuntos de fuerzas transformadoras universales. En primer lugar, el sumatorio de cambios sociales, económicos y culturales de la modernidad tardía, particularmente acentuados a partir de la década de los sesenta. En segundo lugar, la combinación de conservadurismo social y neoliberalismo económico que ha orientado las políticas de respuesta a estos cambios y a la crisis del Bienestar. Así, en la práctica totalidad de las sociedades occidentales, se ha producido un conjunto organizado de iniciativas securitarias públicas y privadas sin precedentes que ha absorbido una cantidad ingente de recursos y han modificado radicalmente el panorama de la seguridad..

Delta del Ebro: papel del sistema dunar frente a la regresión deltaica (actuaciones y medidas paliativas)

Las actuaciones antrópicas llevadas a cabo en el Río Ebro en forma de presas y de extracción de agua para riego, en conjunción con otros factores de tipo natural, han llevado al retroceso generalizado actual del Delta del Ebro. La zona más afectada es el frente deltaico que ha sufrido una regresión de hasta 1950 m en poco más de 50 años (1957-2010) en su ápex. Los sedimentos erosionados en esta zona se dirigen hacia las flechas del Fangar y los Alfaques, ubicadas al N y al S respectivamente, y representan las zonas donde se produce acreción. En los últimos años se han planificado y ejecutado algunas obras de protección del litoral deltaico, incluida la creación de dunas, pero los resultados han sido insatisfactorios. El objetivo principal de este artículo es exponer la situación de los campos dunares del Delta del Ebro frente a una gestión poco adecuada hasta el momento, ante el dinamismo de la zona. Conocido el papel regulador y protector de los sistemas dunares en las zonas costeras deltaicas, y en particular el sistema dunar del Ebro, las propuestas de medidas paliativas frente a la regresión por déficit sedimentario, conjuntamente con la debida al cambio de nivel, deben tener en cuenta el papel regulador que ejerce el sistema dunar costero. Aprovechar la sinergia que ofrece el transporte eólico en las actuaciones y gestión del retroceso controlado es, en el caso del delta del Ebro una de las tareas recomendadas y actualmente programadas por el Ministerio de Medio Ambiente. Favorecer la entrada en el sistema eólico de parte de los sedimentos que circulan por deriva hacia el NO en el hemidelta norte, podría fortalecer este tipo de actuación y a la vez disminuir el proceso progresivo de cierre de la bahía del Fangar.Human works along the Ebro River as dams, irrigation and diversion channels coupled with other natural factors result on a present general regression on the Ebro Delta. The retreat on the delta apex was up to 1950 meters for the last 50 years (1957-2010). Sediment eroded from frontal area is transported to N and S, Fangar and A1facques prograding spits respectively. Some coastal protection works have been done recently as artificial dunes, among others, with unsatisfactory results. The main goal of this study is to show the present situation of Ebro Delta dune fields and its role in front of the dynamic forces and the unsuitable management policy accomplished. The protective role of a coastal dune system is largely known and specifically in the Ebro Delta. The palliative proposals to fight against erosion due to sediment deficit and sea level rise they should take into account the regulatory role that exercises the coastal dune system. Make a good use of aeolian transport synergy is presently recommended by the coastal authority to manage and control erosion and coastal realignment. Helping to sand carried by drift to be incorporated to the dune field could force the result of those proposals and at the same time avoid the closure of Fangar Spit

The phenomenon of sexting among Mexican and Spanish university students: A multigroup model

This paper has been funded by the Vice-rectorate for Research and Transfer of the University of Granada (Spain), programme of pre-competitive research Projects for young researchers (Reference: PPJIB2019-06).The practice of sexting is a phenomenon that has been growing in recent times due to the use of technology and the advance of mobile devices. This practice can have negative consequences for young people who practice it without knowing the risk involved. The main objectives of this paper were to analyze sexting behavior in Mexican and Spanish university students, and to determine the possible sociode- mographic factors that influence sexting practice in order to generate explanatory models. A cross-sectional study design was adopted by applying an online survey to a sample of 781 university students. The students belonged to two different institu- tions, 394 from a Mexican university and 387 from a Spanish university. The results indicated that the practice of sexting was higher in Spanish university students and there were significant differences between the two populations. Furthermore, the model generated on sexting indicated that the country, gender, sexual orientation and use of dating applications were possible predictors of this phenomenon. At the same time, the practice of sexting had a possible influence on students’ levels of depression and stress. Finally, the data and findings obtained showed relevant data on the practice of sexting in Mexican and Spanish students and on the sociodemo- graphic factors that can be influential.University of Granada (Spain) PPJIB2019-0

Collaborative online international learning between Spain and Mexico: a microlearning experience to enhance creativity in complexity

This paper is a product of the project "Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL)", between the UGR and the Tecnologico de Monterrey (Mexico), with support for new internationalisation initiatives from the Vice-Rectorate for Internationalisation of the UGR (programme 8).Purpose – The aim of this paper was to analyse the creative competence of students before and after a micro-learning experience carried out in a collaborative online international learning (COIL) environment between Spanish and Mexican university students in the field of education and entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach – A single-group quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures was adopted. The composition of the group was natural and included a total of 57 students who participated in the COIL experience. The duration was three weeks, where students from both countries were linked together in the development of a micro-learning project. The creativity self-efficacy scale was used as a data collection instrument. Findings – The micro-learning activities through COIL developed the creative competence of the participating students. In particular, the groups from both universities improved their scores on the creative competence in the post-test compared to the pre-test measure. Research limitations/implications – The limitations of this study were linked to the sample loss of some cases, as some students did not complete the post-test measure. The main implication of the study was to demonstrate that COIL experiences are suitable for developing certain skills in students, such as creative competence or co-operative work. Originality/value – COIL experiences break down the barriers of physical space and give students an active role, allowing them to fully develop competences and offering an intercultural perspective, which encourages open-mindedness and understanding of the world.Vice-Rectorate for Internationalisation of the UGRTecnologico de Monterrey (Mexico

Evaluación del proyecto urbanístico Playa Palmera

Trabajo que describe una evaluación financiera a la factibilidad de poner en práctica un plan urbanístico en Playas Palmera (General Villamil) con características adecuadas respecto a infraestructura con construcción económica de viviendas saludables estimulando la inversión y financiamiento de la clase media, lo cual radica su importancia al mejorar la economía familiar y reducir la exclusión social en consumo de planes habitacionales en vivienda más factibles de adquirir a precios módicos accesibles al usuario

Human activity monitoring by local and global finite state machines

There are a number of solutions to automate the monotonous task of looking at a monitor to find suspicious behaviors in video surveillance scenarios. Detecting strange objects and intruders, or tracking people and objects, is essential for surveillance and safety in crowded environments. The present work deals with the idea of jointly modeling simple and complex behaviors to report local and global human activities in natural scenes. Modeling human activities with state machines is still common in our days and is the approach offered in this paper. We incorporate knowledge about the problem domain into an expected structure of the activity model. Motion-based image features are linked explicitly to a symbolic notion of hierarchical activity through several layers of more abstract activity descriptions. Atomic actions are detected at a low level and fed to hand-crafted grammars to detect activity patterns of interest. Also, we work with shape and trajectory to indicate the events related to moving objects. In order to validate our proposal we have performed several tests with some CAVIAR test cases

A proposal for local and global human activities identification

There are a number of solutions to automate the monotonous task of looking at a monitor to find suspicious behaviors in video surveillance scenarios. Detecting strange objects and intruders, or tracking people and objects, is essential for surveillance and safety in crowded environments. The present work deals with the idea of jointly modeling simple and complex behaviors to report local and global human activities in natural scenes. In order to validate our proposal we have performed some tests with some CAVIAR test cases. In this paper we show some relevant results for some study cases related to visual surveillance, namely ?speed detection?, ?position and direction analysis?, and ?possible cashpoint holdup detection?

Tribo-mechanical and cellular behavior of superficially modified porous titanium samples using femtosecond laser

Abstract: In this work, the surface of porous titanium samples obtained by the space-holder technique was treated with a femtosecond laser to improve their osseointegration. Instrumented micro-indentation and scratch test were implemented to evaluate the tribo-mechanical behavior of the surface of the modified samples. A detailed study of micro-hardness, stiffness, scratch resistance and elastic recovery was performed. Also, in vitro analysis was carried out to evaluate the cellular behavior. Modified samples showed less ALP activity, which could indicate a greater differentiation of the cells. The cell culture was similar in all cases although more differentiated morphology, good cell adherence and biological response were observed on treated samples. Finally, the discs with a pore size between 100–200 μm present being potential candidates for the replacement of small portions of damaged cortical bone tissues.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; PID2019-109371GB-I00 Junta de Andalucía; US-125977

Manejo anestésico de la tormenta arrítmica mediante bloqueo simpático

The arrhythmic storm is defined by the presence of three or more episodes of ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and / or discharges of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in a 24-hour period. In its management, the identification and correction of triggering factors is essential, such as myocardial ischemia, hydroelectrolyte alterations, decompensation of heart failure, as well as the adequate control of sympathetic tone. We present the case of a 43-year-old man with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, carrier of ICD in primary prevention who arrives due to an arrhythmic storm with difficult pharmacological control and ineffective ablation, with important clinical repercussions. Before possible component of adrenergic discharge, it was decided to implant a high epidural catheter reaching sympathetic blockade with lidocaine perfusion and reduction of arrhythmic episodes. Subsequently, bilateral thoracic sympathectomy with favorable evolution was performed.La tormenta arrítmica se define por la presencia de tres o más episodios de taquicardia ventricular, fibrilación ventricular y/o descargas de un desfibrilador automático implantable (DAI) en un periodo de 24 horas. En su manejo es esencial la identificación y corrección de factores desencadenantes, como isquemia miocárdica, alteraciones hidroelectrolíticas, descompensación de la insuficiencia cardíaca, así como el adecuado control del tono simpático. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 43 años con miocardiopatía hipertrófica apical, portador de DAI en prevención primaria que ingresa por tormenta arrítmica de difícil control farmacológico y ablación ineficaz, con repercusión clínica importante. Ante posible componente de descarga adrenérgica, se decide implante de catéter epidural alto alcanzándose bloqueo simpático con perfusión de lidocaína y reducción de los episodios arrítmicos. Posteriormente se realizó simpatectomía bilateral torácica con evolución favorable

Influence of longitudinal clips in thermal stresses and deflection in solar tubular receivers

Mechanical boundary conditions in tubular receivers of solar power tower plants have a main role in the thermal stress distribution and tube deflection. Longitudinal supports, particularly, has an strong influence on stress and displacements, since they prevent the tube bending. In this work, the influence of longitudinal supports, on tube deflection and stress has been studied in external-cylindrical receivers, using an analytical methodology, which it is able to take into account the tube geometry in the deflection calculation. Therefore, real tube geometry with elbows can be considered. Results for two aiming strategies, one equatorial and another that flattens the heat flux, have been compared for different clips distances, from 1 to 9 meters. The analytical methodology developed in Matlab provides lower computational cost than the numerical model developed in Abaqus. Results show that clip distribution has a significant impact on thermal stress. For clips distance of 2 meters or lower, the generalised plane strain solution provides the stress distribution along the tube accurately, with a tube deflection lower than 1 millimetrer. When clips distance increases, the longitudinal stress distribution differs from the plane strain case, and the deflection increases to non-desirable values. Deflection is greater at tube ends, and aiming strategies that flatten the heat flux increases the displacement in that regions.This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (Projects RTI2018-096664-B-C21 and RTI2018-096664-B-C22 (MICINN/FEDER, UE)) of the Spanish Government and the Iberdrola Foundation Spain under the fellowship "Ayudas a la investigación en energía y medio ambiente 2018"