Las competencias digitales en el ámbito organizacional: Desde la visión del liderazgo transformacional

The new paradigms of organizational management are directed towards the improvements of the organization, which must be in accordance with the reality of the current world. A technological context is essential that provides us with the simplification and systematization of organizational processes, by incorporating digitization into them. However, it is necessary to think about the digital skills of human talent who will carry out this task as one of the main challenges in pursuit of competitiveness. For this, it is unfailing that this technological training journey is conducted from a transformational leadership, which starts from a leader capable of generating structural changes in the organization. Based on this concern, a documentary review of the digital skills necessary to train human talent was carried out, led from a transformational leadership. A critical analysis of the position put forward by some authors was carried out, which made it possible to highlight the convenience of transformational leadership.  Los nuevos paradigmas de gestión organizacional están enfilados hacia las mejoras de la organización, las cuales deben estar acordes con la realidad del mundo actual. Es indispensable un contexto tecnológico que nos proporcione la simplificación y sistematización de los procesos organizacionales, al incorporar la digitalización en estos. Sin embargo, es menester pensar en las competencias digitales del talento humano quien llevará a cargo esta tarea como uno de los principales retos en pos de la competitividad. Para ello es indefectible que esta travesía de capacitación tecnológica sea conducida desde un liderazgo transformacional, que parta de un líder capaz de generar cambios estructurales en la organización. Partiendo de esta inquietud, se realizó una revisión documental de las competencias digitales necesarias para capacitar al talento humano conducidos desde un liderazgo transformacional. Se efectuó un análisis crítico de la posición esgrimida por algunos autores, lo cual permitió resaltar la conveniencia del liderazgo transformacional.   ABSTRACT The new paradigms of organizational management are directed towards the improvements of the organization, which must be in accordance with the reality of the current world. A technological context is essential that provides us with the simplification and systematization of organizational processes, by incorporating digitization into them. However, it is necessary to think about the digital skills of human talent who will carry out this task as one of the main challenges in pursuit of competitiveness. For this, it is unfailing that this technological training journey is conducted from a transformational leadership, which starts from a leader capable of generating structural changes in the organization. Based on this concern, a documentary review of the digital skills necessary to train human talent was carried out, led from a transformational leadership. A critical analysis of the position put forward by some authors was carried out, which made it possible to highlight the convenience of transformational leadership. Key words: digital competences; organizational scope; transformational leadership.   RÉSUMÉ Les nouveaux paradigmes de la gestion organisationnelle sont orientés vers les améliorations de l'organisation, qui doivent être en accord avec la réalité du monde actuel. Un contexte technologique est essentiel qui nous permet de simplifier et de systématiser les processus organisationnels, en y intégrant la numérisation. Cependant, il est nécessaire de penser aux compétences numériques des talents humains qui vont mener à bien cette tâche comme l'un des principaux enjeux de la recherche de la compétitivité. Pour cela, il est infaillible que ce parcours de formation technologique soit mené à partir d'un leadership transformationnel, qui part d'un leader capable de générer des changements structurels dans l'organisation. Partant de cette préoccupation, une revue documentaire des compétences numériques nécessaires à la formation des talents humains a été réalisée, menée à partir d'un leadership transformationnel. Une analyse critique de la position avancée par certains auteurs a été réalisée, ce qui a permis de mettre en évidence la commodité du leadership transformationnel. Most-cles: compétences numériques; portée organisationnelle; leadership transformationnel

Genetic diversity of HLA system in four populations from Baja California, Mexico: Mexicali, La Paz, Tijuana and rural Baja California

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 250 Mexicans from the states of Baja California Norte and Baja California Sur living in Mexicali (N = 100), La Paz (N = 75), Tijuana (N = 25) and rural communities (N = 50) to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. The most frequent haplotypes for the Baja California region include nine Native American and five European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components are European (50.45 ± 1.84% by ML; 42.03% of European haplotypes) and Native American (43.72 ± 2.36% by ML; 40.24% of Native American haplotypes), while the African genetic component was less apparent (5.83 ± 0.98% by ML; 9.36% of African haplotypes)

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Multiple Sclerosis

To understand COVID-19 characteristics in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and identify high-risk individuals due to their immunocompromised state resulting from the use of disease-modifying treatments. Retrospective and multicenter registry in patients with MS with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis and available disease course (mild = ambulatory; severe = hospitalization; and critical = intensive care unit/death). Cases were analyzed for associations between MS characteristics and COVID-19 course and for identifying risk factors for a fatal outcome. Of the 326 patients analyzed, 120 were cases confirmed by real-time PCR, 34 by a serologic test, and 205 were suspected. Sixty-nine patients (21.3%) developed severe infection, 10 (3%) critical, and 7 (2.1%) died. Ambulatory patients were higher in relapsing MS forms, treated with injectables and oral first-line agents, whereas more severe cases were observed in patients on pulsed immunosuppressors and critical cases among patients with no therapy. Severe and critical infections were more likely to affect older males with comorbidities, with progressive MS forms, a longer disease course, and higher disability. Fifteen of 33 patients treated with rituximab were hospitalized. Four deceased patients have progressive MS, 5 were not receiving MS therapy, and 2 were treated (natalizumab and rituximab). Multivariate analysis showed age (OR 1.09, 95% CI, 1.04-1.17) as the only independent risk factor for a fatal outcome. This study has not demonstrated the presumed critical role of MS therapy in the course of COVID-19 but evidenced that people with MS with advanced age and disease, in progressive course, and those who are more disabled have a higher probability of severe and even fatal diseas

Métodos y técnicas de monitoreo y predicción temprana en los escenarios de riesgos socionaturales

Esta obra concentra los métodos y las técnicas fundamentales para el seguimiento y monitoreo de las dinámicas de los escenarios de riesgos socionaturales (geológicos e hidrometeorológicos) y tiene como objetivo general orientar, apoyar y acompañar a los directivos y operativos de protección civil en aterrizar las acciones y políticas públicas enfocadas a la gestión del riesgo local de desastre

Colombian consensus recommendations for diagnosis, management and treatment of the infection by SARS-COV-2/ COVID-19 in health care facilities - Recommendations from expert´s group based and informed on evidence

La Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN) y el Instituto de Evaluación de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Salud (IETS) conformó un grupo de trabajo para desarrollar recomendaciones informadas y basadas en evidencia, por consenso de expertos para la atención, diagnóstico y manejo de casos de Covid 19. Estas guías son dirigidas al personal de salud y buscar dar recomendaciones en los ámbitos de la atención en salud de los casos de Covid-19, en el contexto nacional de Colombia

EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y SOCIEDAD. SABERES LOCALES PARA EL DESARROLLO Y LA SUSTENTABILIDAD

Este texto contribuye al análisis científico de varias áreas del conocimiento como la filosofía social, la patología, la educación para el cuidado del medio ambiente y la sustentabilidad que inciden en diversas unidades de aprendizaje de la Licenciatura en Educación para la Salud y de la Maestría en Sociología de la SaludLas comunidades indígenas de la sierra norte de Oaxaca México, habitan un territorio extenso de biodiversidad. Sin que sea una área protegida y sustentable, la propia naturaleza de la región ofrece a sus visitantes la riqueza de la vegetación caracterizada por sus especies endémicas que componen un paisaje de suma belleza

Mutation update of spinal muscular atrophy in Spain: molecular characterization of 745 unrelated patients and identification of four novel mutations in the SMN1 gene

11 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables.-- PMID: 19050931 [PubMed].-- Available online Dec 3, 2008.Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene. We have studied the molecular pathology of SMA in 745 unrelated Spanish patients using PCR-RFLP, SMN gene dosage analysis, linkage studies, long-range PCR and direct sequencing. Our systematic approach allowed us to complete genetic testing and risk assessment in 736 SMA patients (98.8%). Females were more frequently affected by the acute form of the disease (type I), whereas chronic forms (type II–III) predominated in males (p G). The c.399_402delAGAG mutation accounted for 1.9% of all Spanish SMA patients. Finally, we discovered four novel mutations: c.312dupA, c.411delT, p.Trp190X and p.Met263Thr. Our results confirm that most SMA cases are due to large genetic rearrangements in the repetitive region of the SMA locus, resulting in absence-dysfunction of the SMN1 gene. By contrast, ancestrally inherited small mutations are responsible for only a small number of cases. Four prevalent changes in exons 3 and 6 (c.399_402delAGAG; c.770_780dup11; p.Tyr272Cys; p.Thr274Ile) accounted for almost 70% of our patients with these subtle mutations. An SMN–SMN dimer model featuring tight hydrophobic-aromatic interactions is proposed to explain the impact of mutations at the C-terminal end of the protein.This work was supported by CIBERER (to L.A. and E. Aller), GENAME Project (to S. Bernal, R.M.H., F.J.M.A., E.G. and A.P.), and FIS05-2416 (to E. Also); Grants: FIS 05-2416 (E.F.T.) and GENAME Project (E.F.T., C·H.C., J.M.M., S. Borrego, J.C., M.R.) We wish to thank the consenting parents and patients who made this study possible.Peer reviewe

Development of a severity of disease score and classification model by machine learning for hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

BackgroundEfficient and early triage of hospitalized Covid-19 patients to detect those with higher risk of severe disease is essential for appropriate case management.MethodsWe trained, validated, and externally tested a machine-learning model to early identify patients who will die or require mechanical ventilation during hospitalization from clinical and laboratory features obtained at admission. A development cohort with 918 Covid-19 patients was used for training and internal validation, and 352 patients from another hospital were used for external testing. Performance of the model was evaluated by calculating the area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity.ResultsA total of 363 of 918 (39.5%) and 128 of 352 (36.4%) Covid-19 patients from the development and external testing cohort, respectively, required mechanical ventilation or died during hospitalization. In the development cohort, the model obtained an AUC of 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 to 0.87) for predicting severity of disease progression. Variables ranked according to their contribution to the model were the peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2)/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio, age, estimated glomerular filtration rate, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, updated Charlson comorbidity index and lymphocytes. In the external testing cohort, the model performed an AUC of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.81 to 0.85). This model is deployed in an open source calculator, in which Covid-19 patients at admission are individually stratified as being at high or non-high risk for severe disease progression.ConclusionsThis machine-learning model, applied at hospital admission, predicts risk of severe disease progression in Covid-19 patients

Down syndrome as risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization : A prospective multicenter epidemiological study

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in childhood, particularly in premature infants, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. To compare the hospitalization rates due to RSV infection and severity of disease between infants with and without Down syndrome (DS) born at term and without other associated risk factors for severe RSV infection. In a prospective multicentre epidemiological study, 93 infants were included in the DS cohort and 68 matched by sex and data of birth (±1 week) and were followed up to 1 year of age and during a complete RSV season. The hospitalization rate for all acute respiratory infection was significantly higher in the DS cohort than in the non-DS cohort (44.1% vs 7.7%, P<.0001). Hospitalizations due to RSV were significantly more frequent in the DH cohort than in the non-DS cohort (9.7% vs 1.5%, P=.03). RSV prophylaxis was recorded in 33 (35.5%) infants with DS. The rate of hospitalization according to presence or absence of RSV immunoprophylaxis was 3.0% vs 15%, respectively. Infants with DS showed a higher rate of hospitalization due to acute lower respiratory tract infection and RSV infection compared to non-DS infants. Including DS infants in recommendations for immunoprophylaxis of RSV disease should be considered