Another Look at the Present Perfect in an Andean Variety of Spanish: Grammaticalization and Evidentiality in Quiteño Spanish

The existence of an extensive body of literature on the Present Perfect (PP), both Spanish-specific (cf. Alarcos Llorach 1947, Copple 2011, Escobar 1997, Gili Gaya 1972, Howe 2013, Rodríguez Louro 2009, Schwenter 1994, Schwenter & Torres Cacoullos 2008, inter alia) and cross-linguistic studies (cf. Bybee, Perkins, & Pagliuca, 1994, Comrie 1976 Harris, 1982, Squartini & Bertinetto 2000, inter alia), attests to the complexity of accurately describing the uses, meanings and functions of the PP. Among the studies of the PP in Spanish, two main approaches are employed. In one approach, the grammaticalization, analysis of temporal and aspectual uses of the PP are emphasized, and the PP is often examined in relation to the Preterit (Pret) (cf. Copple 2009, 2011, Hernández 2004, Howe & Schwenter 2003, Jara Yupanqui 2006, Rodríguez Louro & Howe 2010, Rodríguez Louro & Jara Yupanqui 2011, Schwenter 1994, Schwenter & Torres Cacoullos 2008, Serrano 1994, 1996, inter alia). Another approach focuses on non-temporal and non-aspectual uses of the PP, with particular attention to contact situations that appear to have produced innovative evidential uses of the PP (cf. Escobar 1997, Klee & Ocampo 1995, Mendoza 1991, Rojas-Sosa 2008, Stratford 1991, inter alia). The specific goals of this paper are to situate the grammaticalization of the Quiteño PP in relation to that of other varieties of Spanish, and to quantitatively test claims that the PP in this variety has acquired evidential meaning. [excerpt

Problems with extending conclusions between Bowman's paradox and Beta's death

This issue of Omega contains a commentary by P.L. Brockett, W.W. Cooper, K.H. Kwon, and T.W. Ruefli on the review of Bowman's paradox by Nickel and Rodríguez, published in the February 2002 issue of Omega. In their commentary, the authors describe an article, published in the 1992 issue of Decision Sciences but not covered by the review, and claim that they had previously overcome three of the outstanding problems noted in Nickel and Rodríguez's review. This reply to the commentary proves that the conclusions drawn in the review by Nickel and Rodríguez are relevant in spite of the Brockett et al. arguments against them. In this reply, we show that the paper by Brockett et al. neither explains Bowman's paradox nor resolves its underlying problems. First, the definitions of risk and return measures are mathematically linked, and second, a cross-sectional methodology is used. We also provide our opinion on what would be necessary to bear in mind in order to extend any conclusion from Bowman's paradox to beta's death and vice versa

The daily market for funds in Europe: Mathematical appendix

This paper includes the derivations of the main expressions in the paper ``The Daily Market for Funds in Europe: Has Something Changed With the EMU?'' by G. Pérez Quirós and H. Rodríguez Mendizábal.Overnight rates, reserve demand, martingale hypothesis

The (a,b,s,t)-diameter of graphs: a particular case of conditional diameter

The conditional diameter of a connected graph $\Gamma=(V,E)$ is defined as follows: given a property ${\cal P}$ of a pair $(\Gamma_1, \Gamma_2)$ of subgraphs of $\Gamma$, the so-called \emph{conditional diameter} or ${\cal P}$-{\em diameter} measures the maximum distance among subgraphs satisfying ${\cal P}$. That is, $$D_{{\cal P}}(\Gamma):=\max_{\Gamma_1, \Gamma_2\subset \Gamma} \{\partial(\Gamma_1, \Gamma_2): \Gamma_1, \Gamma_2 \quad {\rm satisfy }\quad {\cal P}\}.$$ In this paper we consider the conditional diameter in which ${\cal P}$ requires that $\delta(u)\ge \alpha$ for all $u\in V(\Gamma_1)$, $\delta(v)\ge \beta$ for all $v\in V(\Gamma_2)$, $| V(\Gamma_1)| \ge s$ and $| V(\Gamma_2)| \ge t$ for some integers $1\le s,t\le |V|$ and $\delta \le \alpha, \beta \le \Delta$, where $\delta(x)$ denotes the degree of a vertex $x$ of $\Gamma$, $\delta$ denotes the minimum degree and $\Delta$ the maximum degree of $\Gamma$. The conditional diameter obtained is called $(\alpha ,\beta, s,t)$-\emph{diameter}. We obtain upper bounds on the $(\alpha ,\beta, s,t)$-diameter by using the $k$-alternating polynomials on the mesh of eigenvalues of an associated weighted graph. The method provides also bounds for other parameters such as vertex separators

Productive Development Policies in Trinidad and Tobago: A Critical Review

Even as Trinidad and Tobago seeks productive diversification away from the energy sector, the process underlying the country’s productive development policies (PDP) is in a state of transition from state-directed industrial policy to a newer approach with extensive private-public participation. This study explores the main characteristics of four PDPs in Trinidad and Tobago and reviews them following the related literature (e.g., Rodríguez-Clare, 2005a and 2005b, and Melo and Rodríguez-Clare, 2006). The four PDPs are: a) The process towards the Promotion of Clusters; b) the PDPs for the Tourism industry; c) the classical PDPs for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and; d) the Free Trade Zone as a policy designed to compensate for the failure of the State.Industrial policy, Productive development policies, Diversification, Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago

"Illiteracy" Revisited: What Ortega and Rodríguez Read in the Household Survey

This paper challenges the conclusions of an econometric analysis by Daniel Ortega and Francisco Rodríguez on the effects on literacy of the Misión Robinson program in Venezuela. Their analysis concludes "most of our estimates of program impact represent qualitatively small and rarely statistically significant effects of Robinson, while some point estimates are actually negative." This CEPR paper shows that the econometric analysis used by Ortega and Rodríguez does not provide statistical evidence regarding the size of the Misión Robinson national literacy program in Venezuela, partly because the Household Survey data on which the authors relied are too crude a measure to make such an estimate. In addition, the statistical tests the authors used are not appropriate to test (falsify) the hypothesis that the program was a large-scale program.Venezuela, social programs, literacy, Latin America

El paradigma de la complejidad como instrumento teórico y metodológico en la investigación didáctica sobre la contaminación y sobre la energía

En dos investigaciones recientes (Cano, 2008; García, Rodríguez y Solís, 2008; Rodríguez, 2008), hemos utilizado el Paradigma de la Complejidad como instrumento teórico que ha orientado el diseño y desarrollo de dichas investigaciones. En la primera investigación (Cano, 2008), se realizó un estudio pormenorizado del proceso de construcción de conocimiento relevante y significativo sobre la contaminación del agua con alumnos de cuarto de ESO. En la segunda (García, Rodríguez y Solís, 2008; Rodríguez, 2008), se realizó una descripción del desarrollo de una experiencia de Agenda 21 Escolar, centrada en el tratamiento didáctico del uso de la energía en Primaria y Secundaria

Adell Castán, Jose Antonio i García Rodríguez, Celedonio (2014). Bandoleros. Historias y leyendas románticas españolas

Adell Castán, Jose Antonio i García Rodríguez, Celedonio (2014)Bandoleros. Historias y leyendas románticas españolasMadrid: La Torre, 238 p.ISBN 9788479606725Adell Castán, Jose Antonio i García Rodríguez, Celedonio (2014)Bandoleros. Historias y leyendas románticas españolasMadrid: La Torre, 238 p.ISBN 9788479606725Adell Castán, Jose Antonio i García Rodríguez, Celedonio (2014)Bandoleros. Historias y leyendas románticas españolasMadrid: La Torre, 238 p.ISBN 978847960672

Reseña

Obra ressenyada: Reina María RODRÍGUEZ, Variedades de Galiano, Letras Cubanas, 2008. Reina María RODRÍGUEZ, Otras mitologías, Letras Cubanas, 2012

Gilbert de Tournai, De modo addiscendi (Sobre el modo de aprender). Edición bilingüe preparada por Javier Vergara Ciordia y Virgilio Rodríguez García. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos/UniversidadNacional de Educación a Distancia, 2014 [Collectio scriptorum mediavalium et renascentium].

Book review: Gilbert de Tournai, De modo addiscendi (Sobre el modo de aprender). Edición bilingüe preparada por Javier Vergara Ciordia y Virgilio Rodríguez García. Reseña del libro: Gilbert de Tournai, De modo addiscendi (Sobre el modo de aprender). Edición bilingüe preparada por Javier Vergara Ciordia y Virgilio Rodríguez García. Recensión do libro: Gilbert de Tournai, De modo addiscendi (Sobre el modo de aprender). Edición bilingüe preparada por Javier Vergara Ciordia y Virgilio Rodríguez García. Resenha do livro: Gilbert de Tournai, De modo addiscendi (Sobre el modo de aprender). Edición bilingüe preparada por Javier Vergara Ciordia y Virgilio Rodríguez García.&nbsp