Proyecto del Centro de Atención Familiar de Alicante (CAFA)

Este trabajo fin de máster presenta el proyecto de un Centro de Atención Familiar en Alicante (CAFA) basándose en un visión antropológica y filosófica sobre la persona, la familia y la relación matrimonial. Los fundamentos del Centro de Atención Familiar se desarrollan sobre el funcionamiento de la familia en la sociedad a través de los distintos ámbitos de la Orientación Familiar. Un Centro de Atención Familiar, son un equipo de profesionales que se ponen al servicio de la familia y de sus miembros para acompañarlas a lo largo del desarrollo e su ciclo vital estando presentes tanto en el ámbito educativo, de asesoramiento y terapéutico, adquiriendo una determinada estructura jurídica y adoptando el modelo de orientación familiar Sistémico. Para el diseño de este trabajo fin de máster, se han visitado distintos Centros de Atención familiar. Específicamente, uno en Valencia y dos en Alicante, con el objetivo de plantear y planificar el funcionamiento y los servicios que vamos a ofrecer a los matrimonios y a las familias, dando lugar a un proyecto que presentamos aquí, con la estructura jurídica, los departamentos en los que estarían organizados los servicios y el presupuesto económico

Embedding co-sleeping practice within the family systems paradigm: Novel theoretical conceptualization and initial empirical exploration

A critical co-sleeping literature review revealed individualistic and dyadic guided approaches taken insofar, ridden by conflicting results. Thereby, we situated our approach beyond the individual and dyad area where we developed anew a systemic co-sleeping paradigm, resulting in theoretical and preliminary empirical findings. Initial cross-gender analyses associated significantly cosleeping with Bowen Family Systems Theory's cornerstone constructs. However, once the moderating effect of gender was examined, significance disappeared across the board for females yet persisted for males. Specifically, male-children time-persistent co-sleeping was associated negatively with differentiation and positively with chronic anxiety and other hypothesized maladjustment effects (guilty feelings and abandonment feelings if moved away from parents). Effects drew attention to Bowen's systemic construct of intergenerational emotional fusion. Guided by the empirical associations, we focused on gender development differences literature. We suggest that triangulation processes dynamically embed co-sleeping within the family systems paradigm, with the embedment appearing to be significantly gendere

Portuguese adaptation of the Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised (DSI-R): An exploratory study

A presente investigação foca-se nos estudos de adaptação e validação para a população portuguesa de um inventário de avaliação da diferenciação do self, o Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised (DSI-R; Skowron & Schmitt, 2003). A amostra recolhida envolveu 470 adultos, sendo 249 do sexo feminino e 221 do sexo masculino, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 80 anos. Nos estudos de análise fatorial exploratória da versão portuguesa não se obteve uma total replicação da composição fatorial original para os quatro fatores considerados. Os resultados obtidos para a consistência interna revelaram um valor ajustado para efeitos de investigação. A análise do impacto das variáveis sociodemográficas, no resultado total do inventário, apontou para níveis de diferenciação do self mais elevados em sujeitos mais jovens, bem como com níveis de escolaridade mais elevados. Dada a natureza exploratória desta investigação, estudos adicionais poderão reforçar as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa do DSI-R.The present research focuses on the studies of adaptation and validation for the Portuguese population of an inventory which assesses the differentiation of self, the Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised (DSI-R; Skowron & Schmitt, 2003). The sample of this research included 470 adults, 249 women and 221 men, aged between 18 and 80 years. Regarding the exploratory factor analyses for the Portuguese version, a total replication of the original factor structure for the four considered factors wasn’t obtained. The results for the internal consistency studies presented an adequate value for investigation purposes. The analysis of the impact of socio-demographic variables, on the total score of this inventory, indicated higher levels of differentiation of self in younger participants, as well as with a superior academic level. Once this is an exploratory research, additional studies could reinforce the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the DSI-R

Inventário de diferenciação do Self‑Revisto (IDS‑R)

A diferenciação do self representa um conceito chave da teoria de Bowen, com um caráter multidimensional (dimensão intrapessoal e interpessoal). O Inventário de Diferenciação do Self – Revisto (IDS‑R) é a versão portuguesa do Differentiation of Self Inventory – Revised (DSI‑R; Skowron & Schmitt, 2003), composto por 46 itens repartidos por quatro subescalas: Reatividade Emocional, Posição do Eu, Cut‑off Emocional e Fusão com os Outros. No âmbito da adaptação e validação para a população portuguesa do DSI‑R foram efetuados diversos estudos de evidência de precisão (e.g., consistência interna) e de validade (e.g., análise fatorial exploratória) com uma amostra de 470 sujeitos. Foi ainda realizado um estudo comparativo com a estrutura fatorial obtida na versão espanhola do DSI‑R. Os resultados alcançados (e.g., α = .86 para o resultado total do IDS‑R), apesar de não replicarem a estrutura fatorial original do DSI‑R permitem considerar a versão portuguesa como uma ferramenta de avaliação útil tanto na prática clínica como em contexto de investigação.The differentiation of self represents a key‑concept in Bowen’s theory, with a multidimensional nature (intrapersonal and interpersonal dimension). The Inventário de Diferenciação do Self – Revisto (IDS‑R) is the Portuguese version of the Differentiation of Self Inventory – Revised (DSI‑R; Skowron & Schmitt, 2003), composed by 46 items distributed by four subscales: Emotional Reactivity, I Position, Emotional Cut‑off and Fusion with Others. During the adaptation and validation of the DSI‑R for the Portuguese population several reliability (e.g., internal consistency) and validity studies (e.g., exploratory factor analysis) were done with a sample of 470 subjects. A comparative study with the Spanish factor structure of the DSI‑R was presented. The results obtained (e.g., α = .86 for the total score of the IDS‑R), despite not replicating the original factor structure of the DSI‑R allow to consider the Portuguese version as a useful assessment tool for clinical practice as well as for research

Differentiation of self in adolescents: measurement invariance analysis across six Spanish-speaking countries

This article examines the measurement equivalence of the Spanish Differentiation of Self Inventory for Adolescents (S-DSI-A) in adolescent populations across Spanish-speaking countries (N = 5,552), including Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Spain. Within the Bowen family system theory, Differentiation of self is one of the most recognized constructs to systemic researchers and couple and family therapy practitioners, with implications in relationship adjustment or mental and physical health. The study uses multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) to test for configural, metric, and scalar invariance of the S-DSI-A across the six samples. The results indicate that the S-DSI-A demonstrates configural and metric invariance, but scalar invariance is not achieved. These findings have implications for cross-cultural research on differentiation of self and highlight the importance of considering measurement equivalence when comparing results across different populations. Specifically, our results suggest that the S-DSI-A reliably assesses the latent variables of Emotional Reactivity (ER) and Emotional Cutoff (EC) uniformly across Spanish-speaking nations, but the mean scores for the ER and EC lack cross-sample comparability

Differentiation of self: A scoping review of Bowen Family Systems Theory's core construct

Bowen Family Systems Theory's central construct, differentiation of self (DoS), is one of the most recognized constructs to systemic researchers and psychology professionals. The present study reviewed the available evidence on DoS from the inception of the construct until July 31, 2020. A scoping review was conducted and a total of 295 primary studies were eligible for inclusion. Literature was categorized according to the hypotheses postulated by Bowen regarding: the associations between DoS and psychological and health outcomes and how DoS stability and similarity in partner levels operate within family systems. Descriptive data regarding studies on the measurement of DoS and in the area of psychotherapy were also compiled. Results revealed that there is ample support for DoS as a predictor of psychological health and marital quality, and that there are positive associations between DoS and better physical health and intergenerational relationships. Results of this review show that there continue to be underexplored hypotheses and a paucity of longitudinal or causal research designs to test the stability of DoS, the intergenerational transmission of DoS, and the efficacy of clinical interventions in modifying DoS to promote optimal well-being. Recommendations and next steps for researchers and practitioners are outlined

Differentiation of self: a scoping review of Bowen Family Systems Theory’s core construct

Bowen Family Systems Theory's central construct, differentiation of self (DoS), is one of the most recognized constructs to systemic researchers and psychology professionals. The present study reviewed the available evidence on DoS from the inception of the construct until July 31, 2020. A scoping review was conducted and a total of 295 primary studies were eligible for inclusion. Literature was categorized according to the hypotheses postulated by Bowen regarding: the associations between DoS and psychological and health outcomes and how DoS stability and similarity in partner levels operate within family systems. Descriptive data regarding studies on the measurement of DoS and in the area of psychotherapy were also compiled. Results revealed that there is ample support for DoS as a predictor of psychological health and marital quality, and that there are positive associations between DoS and better physical health and intergenerational relationships. Results of this review show that there continue to be underexplored hypotheses and a paucity of longitudinal or causal research designs to test the stability of DoS, the intergenerational transmission of DoS, and the efficacy of clinical interventions in modifying DoS to promote optimal well-being. Recommendations and next steps for researchers and practitioners are outlined