Turistas que llegan para quedarse. Una explicación sociológica sobre la movilidad residencial. Raquel Huete Nieves. Alicante: Publicaciones de la Universidad de Alicante. 2009

Reseñas de publicació

La Antropología Social en el contexto académico. Marco universitario, opiniones de los antropólogos y reflexiones sobre su relación interdisciplinar

This article deals with the relationship between Social Anthropology and neighbouring disciplines from an approach that integrates different perspectives. Firstly, the university framework is analyzed, paying attention to those legislative texts defining the Social Anthropology in the field of Humanities, Social and Legal Sciences. Secondly, opinions collected from a sample of anthropologists relating to the report Presente y futuro de la Antropología Social y cultural española: a partir de las reflexiones sobre niveles de asociación científico-académica entre áreas de conocimiento are analyzed as well. The final part considers the previous information to elaborate the reflection on the interdisciplinary relationship, focusing on the links between Social Anthropology and the disciplines identified as most significant.Este artículo aborda la relación existente entre la Antropología Social y sus disciplinas vecinas desde una aproximación que integra perspectivas diferentes. En primer lugar se analiza el marco universitario, prestando atención a los decretos que delimitan la Antropología Social en el ámbito de las Humanidades, Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. En segundo lugar se analizan las opiniones recogidas de una muestra de antropólogos en relación con el informe Presente y futuro de la Antropología Social y cultural española: a partir de las reflexiones sobre niveles de asociación científico-académica entre áreas de conocimiento. La parte final retoma la información anterior para elaborar la reflexión sobre la relación interdisciplinar, centrándose en los nexos de unión entre la Antropología Social y las disciplinas identificadas como más significativas

Subjectivation processes and lifestyle migration

Conforme a las teorías sociológicas de la individualización, la migración de estilo de vida es vista como resultado de procesos de autorrealización de sujetos reflexivos. Este trabajo aporta una aproximación alternativa centrada en la producción de formas de subjetividad. Fundamentada en entrevistas en profundidad a migrantes internacionales de retiro en España, la investigación se centra en narrativas que van más allá del discurso sobre la libertad, la toma de decisiones o la búsqueda de calidad de vida. Este estudio sugiere un enfoque más estructural, que contextualice críticamente las narrativas de los migrantes en los marcos políticos y culturales actuales.In line with sociological individualization theories, lifestyle migration is seen as resulting from processes of self-realization carried out by reflective subjects. This paper presents an alternative approach focusing on how forms of subjectivity are produced. Based on in-depth interviews with international retired migrants in Spain, the research results point to narratives that go beyond discourses on freedom, decision-making or search of quality of life. This study suggests that a more structural approach is needed, which critically contextualizes migrants’ narratives in current political and cultural frameworks

Astronomy outreach from the Busot observatory in lockdown times

Contribution to the XIV.0 Scientific Meeting (virtual) of the Spanish Astronomical Society, held 13-15 July 2020, online at https://www.sea-astronomia.es/reunion-cientifica-2020, id.258Astronomy outreach by live observation with remote telescope is one of the most powerful and attractive opportunities for members of the public to become involved in. During the Spanish state of emergency due to COVID-19, we developed outreach activities using the Busot Astronomical Observatory and social media spreading astronomy to the general public.OBRIMED1-16I and OBRIMEDI-20I

Viviendo en una burbuja: Pasos tentativos para una antropología de la «adicción a las nuevas tecnologías»

El uso social de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación es un elemento central en las dinámicas culturales contemporáneas. Estas tecnologías están configurando estructuras políticas, económicas y causando cambios al nivel de la identidad y de la intimidad. Dentro de las ciencias sociales pueden encontrarse perspectivas tanto pesimistas como optimistas. Aquellas teorías que analizan la modernidad en términos de procesos de individualización, centradas en las cuestiones de los estilos de vida y de la subjetividad, están especialmente relacionadas con el tema. Mientras se generalizan dichas tecnologías, es mayor el interés por su uso y el desarrollo de una nueva cultura en torno al mismo, especialmente entre la población joven. Este interés es paralelo a la percepción social según la cual las tecnologías pueden afectar negativamente a las personas, generando incluso adicción. Este artículo aborda el uso problemático de las nuevas tecnologías desde la perspectiva de la antropología social. La primera parte reúne datos sobre el uso de nuevas tecnologías y aborda la discusión sobre cómo se está aplicando el término de «adicción». La segunda parte explica por qué es necesaria la perspectiva socioantropológica en el contexto del debate científico actual. Finalmente, se presentan los resultados de una investigación antropológica en curso.The social use of new information and communication technologies lies at the heart of contemporary cultural dynamics. These technologies are shaping political, economic and social structures and causing changes at an identity and intimacy level. At the Social Sciences field, both pessimistic and optimistic perspectives can be found. Those theories that analyze modernity as individualization processes, focused on lifestyles and subjectivity issues are specially related to the subject. As these technologies spread, more interest in their use and the development of a new culture especially among the young population can be noted. This interest is linked to the social perception according to which technologies can negatively affect people, causing even addiction. This article addresses the problematic use of new technologies from the perspective of Social Anthropology. First part collects data about the use of new technologies and deals with how the concept of addiction is being applied. The second part explains why the socio-anthropological perspective is necessary in the context of current scientific debate. Finally, the results of an anthropological research in progress are shown

Discussing the physical meaning of the absorption feature at 2.1 keV in 4U 1538–52

High resolution X-ray spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying the nature of the matter surrounding the neutron star in X-ray binaries and its interaction between the stellar wind and the compact object. In particular, absorption features in their spectra could reveal the presence of atmospheres of the neutron star or their magnetic field strength. Here we present an investigation of the absorption feature at 2.1 keV in the X-ray spectrum of the high mass X-ray binary 4U 1538–52 based on our previous analysis of the XMM-Newton data. We study various possible origins and discuss the different physical scenarios in order to explain this feature. A likely interpretation is that the feature is associated with atomic transitions in an O/Ne neutron star atmosphere or of hydrogen and helium like Fe or Si ions formed in the stellar wind of the donor.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science “De INTEGRAL a IXO: binarias de rayos X y estrellas activas”, project number AYA2010-15431, partially by GV2014/088 and MIF/14G04. JJRR acknowledges the support by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia under grant PR2009-0455 and by the Vicerectorat d’Investigació, Desenvolupament i Innovació de la Universitat d’Alacant under grant GRE12-35

Orbital phase-resolved spectroscopy of 4U 1538−52 with MAXI

Context. 4U 1538−52, an absorbed high mass X-ray binary with an orbital period of ~3.73 days, shows moderate orbital intensity modulations with a low level of counts during the eclipse. Several models have been proposed to explain the accretion at different orbital phases by a spherically symmetric stellar wind from the companion. Aims. The aim of this work is to study both the light curve and orbital phase spectroscopy of this source in the long term. In particular, we study the folded light curve and the changes in the spectral parameters with orbital phase to analyse the stellar wind of QV Nor, the mass donor of this binary system. Methods. We used all the observations made from the Gas Slit Camera on board MAXI of 4U 1538−52 covering many orbits continuously. We obtained the good interval times for all orbital phase ranges, which were the input for extracting our data. We estimated the orbital period of the system and then folded the light curves, and we fitted the X-ray spectra with the same model for every orbital phase spectrum. We also extracted the averaged spectrum of all the MAXI data available. Results. The MAXI spectra in the 2–20 keV energy range were fitted with an absorbed Comptonisation of cool photons on hot electrons. We found a strong orbital dependence of the absorption column density but neither the fluorescence iron emission line nor low energy excess were needed to fit the MAXI spectra. The variation in the spectral parameters over the binary orbit were used to examine the mode of accretion onto the neutron star in 4U 1538−52. We deduce a best value of Ṁ/v∞ = 0.65 × 10-9M⊙ yr-1/ (km s-1) for QV Nor.Part of this work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness project numbers ESP2013-48637-C2-2P, and ESP2014-53672-C3-3-P, by the Vicerectorat d’Investigació, Desenvolupament i Innovació de la Universitat d’Alacant project number GRE12-35, and by the Generalitat Valenciana project number GV2014/088. This research made use of MAXI data provided by RIKEN, JAXA, and the MAXI team. J.J.R.R. acknowledges the support by the Matsumae International Foundation Research Fellowship No14G04, and also thanks the entire MAXI team for the collaboration and hospitality in RIKEN. The work of A.G.G. has been supported by the Spanish MICINN under FPI Fellowship BES-2011-050874 associated to the project AYA2010-15431. T.M. acknowledges the grant by the Vicerectorat d’Investigació, Desenvolupament i Innovació de la Universitat d’Alacant under visiting researcher programme INV14-11

Searching for unknown counterparts in X-ray binary systems using Virtual Observatory tools

In the framework of an ongoing programme, we have developed strategies to discover and characterize optical/infrared unknown counterparts to X-ray binary systems using the standard tools of the Virtual Observatory. First, we have selected some potential candidates from different X-ray catalogues. Then we have used the Virtual Observatory tools to search for optical and infrared point data sources that were coincident with the position of the X-ray source. In this work we present some examples of our ongoing programme showing the potential of the Virtual Observatory as a discovery tool.Part of this work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science project number AYA2010-15431, by the Vicerectorat d'Investigació, Desenvolupament i Innovació de la Universitat d'Alacant project number GRE12-35, and by the Generalitat Valenciana project number GV2014/088. JJRR acknowledges the support by the Matsumae International Foundation Research Fellowship program 2014, No14G04

An XMM-Newton view of FeKα in High Mass X-rays Binaries

We present a comprehensive analysis of the whole sample of available XMM-Newton observations of High Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs) until August, 2013, focusing on the FeKα emission line. This line is a key tool to better understand the physical properties of the material surrounding the X-ray source within a few stellar radii (the circumstellar medium). We have collected observations from 46 HMXBs, detecting FeKα in 21 of them. We have used the standard classification of HMXBs to divide the sample in different groups. We find that: (1) FeKα is centred at a mean value of 6.42 keV. Considering the instrumental and fits uncertainties, this value is compatible with ionization states lower than Fe XVIII. (2) The flux of the continuum is well correlated with the flux of the line, as expected. Eclipse observations show that the Fe fluorescence emission comes from an extended region surrounding the X-ray source. (3) FeKα is narrow (σ_{line}<0.15 keV), reflecting that the reprocessing material does not move at high speeds. We attempt to explain the broadness of the line in terms of three possible broadening phenomena: line blending, Compton scattering and Doppler shifts (with velocities of the reprocessing material V ∼ 1000 km/s). (4) The equivalent hydrogen column (N_H) directly correlates with the EW of FeKα, displaying clear similarities to numerical simulations. It highlights the strong link between the absorbing and the fluorescent matter. The obtained results clearly point to a very important contribution of the donor's wind in the FeKα emission and the absorption when the donor is a supergiant massive star.Based on observations obtained with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA member states and the USA (NASA). This research has made use of software obtained from NASA’s High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC). The work of AGG has been supported by the Spanish MICINN under FPI Fellowship BES-2011-050874 associated to the project AYA2010-15431