Les corps étrangers en ORL: expérience de dix ans

Les corps étrangers (CE) représentent une pathologie fréquemment rencontrée en pratique ORL d'urgence. Ils peuvent constituer une urgence vitale par leur aspect ou leur siège. Nous présentons le bilan de dix ans sur la prise en charge des CE de la sphère ORL avec une revue de la  littérature. Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective entre Janvier 2004 et Décembre 2013, incluant tous les cas de CE des voies aéro-digestives supérieures et auriculaires colligés dans le service d'ORL au CHU Mohammed VI de Marrakech au Maroc. Sur les 1317 cas de CE de la sphère ORL colligés durant cette période, 80,48% concernaient les enfants. Le sex-ratio était de 1,5. L'âge moyen était de 12,92 ans. Les CE oesophagiens étaient les plus fréquents (47,53%). Les complications ont été rencontrées dans 11,69% des cas. Les CE dans la sphère ORL restent fréquents en pratique quotidienne surtout chez les enfants. Leur prise en charge nécessite une intervention rapide avec un matériel adapté et des médecins entrainés. La prévention reste la meilleure solution

Role of Interaction and Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase B in Regulation of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Function by cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase A

Cystic fibrosis results from mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and ATP-regulated chloride channel. Here, we demonstrate that nucleoside diphosphate kinase B (NDPK-B, NM23-H2) forms a functional complex with CFTR. In airway epithelia forskolin/IBMX significantly increases NDPK-B co-localisation with CFTR whereas PKA inhibitors attenuate complex formation. Furthermore, an NDPK-B derived peptide (but not its NDPK-A equivalent) disrupts the NDPK-B/CFTR complex in vitro (19-mers comprising amino acids 36-54 from NDPK-B or NDPK-A). Overlay (Far-Western) and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) analysis both demonstrate that NDPK-B binds CFTR within its first nucleotide binding domain (NBD1, CFTR amino acids 351-727). Analysis of chloride currents reflective of CFTR or outwardly rectifying chloride channels (ORCC, DIDS-sensitive) showed that the 19-mer NDPK-B peptide (but not its NDPK-A equivalent) reduced both chloride conductances. Additionally, the NDPK-B (but not NDPK-A) peptide also attenuated acetylcholine-induced intestinal short circuit currents. In silico analysis of the NBD1/NDPK-B complex reveals an extended interaction surface between the two proteins. This binding zone is also target of the 19-mer NDPK-B peptide, thus confirming its capability to disrupt NDPK-B/CFTR complex. We propose that NDPK-B forms part of the complex that controls chloride currents in epithelia

NM23 proteins: innocent bystanders or local energy boosters for CFTR?

NM23 proteins NDPK-A and -B bind to the cystic fibrosis (CF) protein CFTR in different ways from kinases such as PKA, CK2 and AMPK or linkers to cell calcium such as calmodulin and annexins. NDPK-A (not -B) interacts with CFTR through reciprocal AMPK binding/control, whereas NDPK-B (not -A) binds directly to CFTR. NDPK-B can activate G proteins without ligand-receptor coupling, so perhaps NDPK-B's binding influences energy supply local to a nucleotide-binding site (NBD1) needed for CFTR to function. Curiously, CFTR (ABC-C7) is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) protein family that does not obey 'clan rules'; CFTR channels anions and is not a pump, regulates disparate processes, is itself regulated by multiple means and is so pleiotropic that it acts as a hub that orchestrates calcium signaling through its consorts such as calmodulin/annexins. Furthermore, its multiple partners make CFTR dance to different tunes in different cellular and subcellular locations as it recycles from the plasma membrane to endosomes. CFTR function in airway apical membranes is inhibited by smoking which has been dubbed 'acquired CF'. CFTR alone among family members possesses a trap for other proteins that it unfurls as a 'fish-net' and which bears consensus phosphorylation sites for many protein kinases, with PKA being the most canonical. Recently, the site of CFTR's commonest mutation has been proposed as a knock-in mutant that alters allosteric control of kinase CK2 by log orders of activity towards calmodulin and other substrates after CFTR fragmentation. This link from CK2 to calmodulin that binds the R region invokes molecular paths that control lumen formation, which is incomplete in the tracheas of some CF-affected babies. Thus, we are poised to understand the many roles of NDPK-A and -B in CFTR function and, especially lumen formation, which is defective in the gut and lungs of many CF babies

Synthesis and studies of copper hydroxynitrites

International audienceA new route for the preparation of copper ammine hydroxynitrites and copper hydroxynitrites by soft chemistry, at room temperafure and normal pressure, is exposed. Well crystallized solid phases were obtained by this way : Cu 5 (OH) 6 (NO 2) 4 (NH 3) 4 and Cu 2 (OH) 3 NO 2. Crystallographic studies show that the first compound is monoclinic, space group C2/m probably, a(Å) = 12,488(4), b(Å) = 6,841(3), c(Å) = 9,784(4), beta° = 93,69(3), z = 2, p exp. = 2,7, p calc. = 2,70. The second is triclinic space group P-1 : a(Å) = 5,6240(14), b(Å) = 6,052(3), c(Å) = 6,643(2), alpha°= 90,01(3), beta° = 95,37 (3), gamma° = 89,84(3), z = 2, p exp .= 3,3, p calc. = 3,31. A thermic study shows strong exothermic peaks when ammonia and nitrites coexist. In Cu 2 (OH) 3 NO 2 , the stability of brucite type layers is strengthened by the presence of the nitrite anion

Synthesis and studies of copper hydroxynitrites

International audienceA new route for the preparation of copper ammine hydroxynitrites and copper hydroxynitrites by soft chemistry, at room temperafure and normal pressure, is exposed. Well crystallized solid phases were obtained by this way : Cu 5 (OH) 6 (NO 2) 4 (NH 3) 4 and Cu 2 (OH) 3 NO 2. Crystallographic studies show that the first compound is monoclinic, space group C2/m probably, a(Å) = 12,488(4), b(Å) = 6,841(3), c(Å) = 9,784(4), beta° = 93,69(3), z = 2, p exp. = 2,7, p calc. = 2,70. The second is triclinic space group P-1 : a(Å) = 5,6240(14), b(Å) = 6,052(3), c(Å) = 6,643(2), alpha°= 90,01(3), beta° = 95,37 (3), gamma° = 89,84(3), z = 2, p exp .= 3,3, p calc. = 3,31. A thermic study shows strong exothermic peaks when ammonia and nitrites coexist. In Cu 2 (OH) 3 NO 2 , the stability of brucite type layers is strengthened by the presence of the nitrite anion

Force control in parallel manipulator through virtual simulations

International audienc

Synthesis and study of Cu(NO 2 ) 2 (NH 3 ) 4 and Cu(NO 2 ) 2 (NH 3 ) 2

International audienceCrystals of Cu(NO2)2(NH3)4 and Cu(NO2)2(NH3)2 have been prepared and studied. Two allotropic species exist for each compound, alpha-Cu(NO2)2(NH3)4 is orthorhombic, space group Fmmm or Fmm2; a(Ǻ) = 20.671(15), b(Ǻ) = 6.796(5), c(Ǻ) = 11.414(8), Z = 8; beta-Cu(NO2)2(NH3)4 is orthorhombic, space group Cccm or Ccc2; a(Ǻ) = 10.467(7), b(Ǻ) = 17.766(9), c(Ǻ) = 13.700(9), Z = 12; alpha-Cu(NO2)2(NH3)2 is triclinic, space group P-1, a(Ǻ) = 4.4165(12), b(Ǻ) = 5.6104(14), c(Ǻ) = 6.088(2), alpha° = 78.45(3), beta° = 103.95(3), gamma° = 100.16(3),Z = 1; beta-Cu(NO2)2(NH3)2 is monoclinic space group Cm or C2; a(Ǻ) = 9.226(6), b(Ǻ) = 7.556(3), c(Ǻ) = 4.486(3), beta° = 104.84(6), Z=2

Synthesis and study of Cu(NO 2 ) 2 (NH 3 ) 4 and Cu(NO 2 ) 2 (NH 3 ) 2

International audienceCrystals of Cu(NO2)2(NH3)4 and Cu(NO2)2(NH3)2 have been prepared and studied. Two allotropic species exist for each compound, alpha-Cu(NO2)2(NH3)4 is orthorhombic, space group Fmmm or Fmm2; a(Ǻ) = 20.671(15), b(Ǻ) = 6.796(5), c(Ǻ) = 11.414(8), Z = 8; beta-Cu(NO2)2(NH3)4 is orthorhombic, space group Cccm or Ccc2; a(Ǻ) = 10.467(7), b(Ǻ) = 17.766(9), c(Ǻ) = 13.700(9), Z = 12; alpha-Cu(NO2)2(NH3)2 is triclinic, space group P-1, a(Ǻ) = 4.4165(12), b(Ǻ) = 5.6104(14), c(Ǻ) = 6.088(2), alpha° = 78.45(3), beta° = 103.95(3), gamma° = 100.16(3),Z = 1; beta-Cu(NO2)2(NH3)2 is monoclinic space group Cm or C2; a(Ǻ) = 9.226(6), b(Ǻ) = 7.556(3), c(Ǻ) = 4.486(3), beta° = 104.84(6), Z=2

Robust LAI Retrieval Using Sentinel-2 Red-Edge Bands.

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