Underwater noise propagation models and its application in renewable energy parks: WaveRoller Case Study

In the light of global warming, large-scale transition to renewable power sources is a worldwide challenge, playing wind power a significant role. Sea wave energy is being increasingly regarded in many countries as a major and promising resource but, like all forms of energy conversion, it will inevitably have an impact on the marine environment. WaveRoller, a Wave Energy Conversion Device, is installed in front of Almagreira beach, on the west coast of Portugal. The purpose of this thesis is to study and quantify the underwater radiated noise from this device using an underwater acoustic model in order to estimate potential effects it may have in the marine environment. The model used to run the data will be MIKE Zero – Underwater Acoustic Simulator by DHI . In the study site only cetacean species are expected to occur. Results showed that behavioural responses might be expected for low and mid-frequency cetaceans if they swim close to the device. Also, the device shouldn’t be installed in an area in which a population of cetaceans exists in a 28m ray. For these individuals, injury can be assumed if SEL (Sound Exposure Level) is higher than 215 dB re 1μPa2.s, for non-pulse sounds. Results showed the calculated maximum SEL of the Waveroller sound is 150 dB re 1μPa2.s and therefore no injury is expected. MIKE Zero – Underwater Acoustic Simulator is a powerful tool to test any device that produces underwater noise and offers the possibility to create Surface Sound maps of results by using MIKEXYZ Converter tool

Saúde e saneamento no município de Galinhos-RN

The state of health and sanitation in the city de Galinhos/RN is alarming, considering that access to public water supply and sanitation is absent. This condition is further exacerbated by the demand of that area as a tourist destination, especially to celebrate the festivities as the carnival, catholic festival and activities of summer. The city population growth, at times above cited, carries the collapse of poor sanitation system. The work now directs the foregoing discussion to the links between health, sanitation and environment, understood as built environment. In this context, the understanding of socio-sanitary conditions of the council is essential in the process of examining the actions of human rebut on the quality of life of local people. Thus, we developed the analysis of primary and secondary data, to conduct a holistic analysis of the health and sanitation in the city in the existing scenario. We verified, in the course of the research, that the conditions for solve part of the problem are already evident. However, the lack of political and popular demobilization contribute to the maintenance of the status quoA situação da saúde e do saneamento básico no município de Galinhos/RN é alarmante, tendo em vista que o acesso ao sistema público de abastecimento de água e esgotamento sanitário inexiste. Essa condição é agravada ainda mais pela procura da referida área como destino turístico, principalmente em comemoração a festejos como o carnaval, festa da padroeira e atividades de veraneio. O crescimento da população do município em foco, nos momentos supracitados, provoca um colapso no deficitário sistema de saneamento básico. O trabalho ora exposto direciona a discussão para as relações existentes entre saúde, saneamento e meio ambiente, entendido como meio ambiente construído. Nesse contexto, a compreensão das condições sócio-sanitárias do município é essencial no processo de análise dos rebatimentos das ações antrópicas sobre a qualidade de vida da população local. Assim, desenvolvemos a análise dos dados secundários e primários, procurando realizar uma análise holística das condições de saúde e saneamento existentes no município em tela. Constatamos, no decorrer da pesquisa, que as condições para equacionamento de parte do problema evidenciado já existem. Todavia, a falta de interesse político e a desmobilização popular contribuem para a manutenção do status qu

Identification and Quantification of Phases in Steels by X Ray Diffraction Using Rietveld Refinement

X-ray diffraction has been applied in the investigation of phase formation in steels, operating in industrial environments. In this work, identification and quantification of phases by X-ray diffraction and peak fitting, using the Rietveld method, were employed. In a first scenario, two different types of steels, subjected to abrasive surface cleaning, suffered contamination from the blasting operation that compromise between 10 and 36% of the blasted surface, as revealed by the quantitative phase analysis. Such high values of particulates can jeopardize the corrosion protection offered by posterior coating application. In a second scenario, duplex steels (DS) subjected to aggressive environments and high temperatures of service went through phase transformation that formed amounts up to 3.5% of a deleterious phase, known as sigma phase. This phase compromises the steel mechanical resistance and corrosion protection, and its quantification is crucial for the assurance of the material integrity. The quantitative phase analysis (QPA) by X-ray diffraction provided the diagnosis of forthcoming problems related to the presence of such phases in the investigated steels, allowing the optimization of techniques and the choice of correct process parameters

Prática de Ensino Supervisionada em Educação Pré-escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

O presente relatório foi desenvolvido no âmbito da unidade curricular da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada (PES), inserida no plano de estudos do curso de Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, da Escola Superior de Educação de Bragança (ESEB), do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança. As experiências de ensino aprendizagem, aqui apresentadas, foram pensadas numa perspetiva de articulação curricular, em que os interesses e necessidades das crianças bem como os seus ritmos de aprendizagem, foram contemplados. Para o efeito, apoiamo-nos nas Orientações Curriculares para a Educação Pré-Escolar (OCEPE), no Guião de Educação, Género e Cidadania para a Educação Pré- Escolar, no Programa do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, nas Metas Curriculares para o 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Guião de Educação, Género e Cidadania para o 1º. Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Estas experiências de ensino aprendizagem traduzem-se num processo descritivo, interpretativo e reflexivo, enquadrado numa abordagem qualitativa. É importante salientar que, ao longo da prática educativa, adotamos uma atitude reflexiva e crítica face ao trabalho desenvolvido. No decorrer da prática, as atividades que desenvolvemos foram pensadas no sentido de darmos resposta à questão problema: Quais as perceções das crianças sobre as questões de género? Para tal delineamos os seguintes objetivos: i) conhecer as perceções das crianças sobre as questões de género ii) Perceber se a família e a escola são responsáveis pela perpetuação de estereótipos de género iii) Analisar os processos associados à construção identitária de género, em contexto de Creche, Educação Pré-Escolar e 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico iv) Perceber de que forma as questões de género estão presentes no quotidiano dos futuros adultos. Para que fosse possível recolhermos a informação para a nossa investigação selecionamos um conjunto de técnicas e de instrumentos de recolha de dados. Foram eles: observação participante, notas de campo, registos fotográficos e entrevista. Para a análise dos dados recorremos à análise de conteúdo. Após a análise dos dados, estes parecem apontar para existência de conceções estereotipadas sobre o género que podem condicionar a criança e o modo como, em adulto, a mesma assumirá os seus papéis pessoais, sociais e profissionais.This report was developed within the curricular unit of the Supervised Teaching Practice (PES), inserted in Master's Course in Pre-School Education and Teaching of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education, of the Higher School of Education of Bragança (ESEB), of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança. The teaching learning experiences presented here were conceived in a perspective of curricular articulation, in which the interests and needs of the children as well as their learning rhythms were contemplated. To this end, we support ourselves in the Curricular Guidelines for Pre-School Education (OCEPE), the Gender and Citizenship Education Guide for Pre-School Education, the Program of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education, the Curricular Goals for the 1st Cycle of Basic Education and in the Guide of Education Gender and Citizenship for the 1st. Basic Cycle of Education. These learning teaching experiences translate into a descriptive, interpretive and reflective process, framed in a qualitative approach. It is important to emphasize that, throughout the educational practice, we adopted a reflexive and critical attitude towards the work developed. In the course of the practice, the activities that we developed were designed in order to answer the problem question: What are the children's perceptions about gender issues? To this end, we outline the following objectives: i) to know children's perceptions of gender issues ii) to understand if family and school are responsible for the perpetuation of gender stereotypes iii) to analyze the processes associated with gender identity construction, in context Nursery, Kindergarten and 1st Cycle of Basic Education iv) Understand how gender issues are present in the daily lives of future adults. In order to collect the information for our investigation, we selected a set of techniques and data collection instruments. They were: participant observation, field notes, photographic records and interview. For the analysis of the data we used content analysis. After analyzing the data, these seem to point to stereotyped conceptions about gender that can condition the child and how, in adult, it will assume their personal, social and professional roles

Phase Transformations in Duplex Stainless Steel: An Assessment by In Situ X-Ray Diffraction

Duplex stainless steels (commonly known as DSS) are a class of stainless steels with a microstructure formed by two main phases: ferrite and austenite. They are used in a wide range of applications, such as chemical processing, in maritime environments and in the oil and gas industries. In most cases, DSS are chosen based on their strength and corrosion resistance for various environments. When exposed to temperatures above 600°C though, the balance of alloying elements can be modified due to precipitation of various secondary phases, such as sigma (σ) and chi (χ). The sigma phase is typically enriched with Cr and Mo, so its formation can lead to a drastic deterioration in toughness, corrosion resistance, and weldability of duplex stainless steels. To prevent damages to these steels due to the formation of sigma phase, the understanding of such transformation becomes mandatory, not only during the development of these steels but also during their processing. In this research, samples from a lean duplex steel UNS S32304 are subjected to a temperature of 800°C and analyzed in situ by X-ray diffraction. Thus, the kinetics of phase transformations occurring in duplex stainless steels are observed in real time

Cultural Tourism in the city of João Pessoa: a look focused on elderly tourist

O crescimento da população idosa têm-se tornado tem a de discussões em diversos setores da sociedade brasileira. O aumento da proporção da população idosa e o crescimento da renda, em conjunto com o desejo de viajar, conduz à formulação da hipótese que a terceira idade seja um segmento da população com potencial e que demanda uma atenção especial do setor turístico. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi investigar se o patrimônio cultural material, de João Pessoa, está sendo considerado, pelas agências de turismo, como recurso turístico com foco no turista idoso. Foi utilizado, como instrumento, um questionário com perguntas fechadas, trabalhando a relação idoso e turismo cultural, em uma perspectiva de visitação a prédios históricos da cidade de João Pessoa. Os resultados mostram que, embora a cidade apresente potencial valioso para incentivar o turismo cultural voltado à terceira idade, as iniciativas podem ser aprimoradas e, por isso, espera-se que este estudo possa contribuir para um melhor aproveitamento desse segmento de mercado pelas agências turísticas da cidade.The growth of the elderly population have become the subject of discussions in various sectors of Brazilian society. Increasing the proportion of the elderly population and income growth, together with the desire to travel, lead to the formulation of the hypothesis that the third age is a segment of the population with potential and demands special attention in the tourism sector. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether cultural heritage material of João Pessoa, is being considered by tourism agencies, as a tourist resource with focus on elderly tourist. Was used as an instrument, a questionnaire with closed questions, in a perspective of visitation to historic buildings in the city of João Pessoa. The results show that, although the city presents valuable potential to encourage cultural tourism aimed at seniors, initiatives can be improved and therefore it is expected that this study can contribute to a better utilization of this market segment by tourist agencies city

Formulación de criterios para ordenamiento territorial desde la perspectiva de la amenaza de inundación y su inclusión en los instrumentos de planificación : caso de estudio : Río Tunjuelo - Bogotá D.C.

El presente documento está direccionado hacia la formulación de criterios básicos para ordenamiento territorial desde la perspectiva de la amenaza de inundación, teniendo como eje principal no solo los asentamientos urbanos sino la cuenca como tal| resaltando que dichos criterios deben incluirse en los instrumentos de planificación para que su aplicación sea una realidad. Este tipo de iniciativasThis document is focused on formulating basic criteria for zoning from the perspective of flooding threat. The study is based on both the urban settlements and the drainage basin. Both criteria play an important role in the planning process and therefore they must be included as an instrument in this procedure. This proposal aims to provide to the landscape-ecology actual relevance during theMagíster en Planeación Urbana y RegionalMaestrí