59 research outputs found
Influence of oxidative stress-related genes on susceptibility to Fibromyalgia.
Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex syndrome to diagnose and treat because of its unknown etiology. However, previous
studies reported that patients with FM experience oxidative stress.
Objectives: In this study, we investigated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding enzymes involved in
oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase 1 [SOD1], catalase, and NADPH oxidase [CYBA]) in patients with FM and in healthy
subjects, as well as the possible relation with demographic and clinical manifestations of FM.
Methods: A total of 141 patients with FM and 73 healthy subjects participated in this case–control study. For DNA extraction,
buccal swabs were collected from patients with FM, and a peripheral blood sample was extracted from controls. We analyzed
SNPs in genes related to oxidative stress (rs10432782 in SOD1, rs1001179 in catalase, and rs4673 in CYBA) using TaqMan
probes. In patients with FM, severity of FM, fatigue, and pain were assessed by Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire,
Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), respectively. Physical (PCS-12) and mental (MCS-12)
health statuses were evaluated by the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey.
Results: The selected SNPs did not show significant differences between patients with FM and controls. The rs10432782
(SOD1) was associated with Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire scores in patients with FM, whereas the rs4673 (CYBA) was
associated with the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory score, MCS-12 score, and duration of the disease.
Discussion: We have identified significant correlations between SOD1 and CYBA variants with clinical manifestations of FM.
These results provide new insights into the pathogenesis of FM that could be useful for guiding future studies along the way to
find the cause(s) of this syndrome
Natural feed after weaning improves the reproductive status of "Solea senegalensis" breeders
[EN] The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of long term natural feeding in the subsequent reproductive
status of 4 years old cultured Solea senegalensis, and to determine if the potential changes were structural or
feeding dependent. To this aim, two different feeding regimes were used from one year after weaning and during
the following 3 years; 1) a commercial dry food diet and 2) a natural feeding regime. After this period, the
proportion of fluent males and the evolution of maturity stages of females over a breeding season were studied. A
complete sperm quality analysis assessment was carried out, including individual volumes, motility, density and
curvilinear, rectilinear and mean velocities of spermatozoa. Moreover, viability and apoptosis indexes were
analyzed as indicator of molecular sperm membrane integrity. Additionally, a morphological characterization of
the testes during the spawning season was conducted. Finally, both groups were fed with the same commercial
pellets during one year to evaluate the effect of the diet of previous years on sperm quality. The results of this
study showed how feeding can improve not only sperm quality and quantity, but also the proportion of fluent
males and females in advanced maturity stages. All the sperm quality parameters resulted significantly higher in
the group fed with a natural diet. Moreover, the number of apoptotic cells was significantly higher in the group
fed with a commercial diet. According to the morphological features of the testes, the animals fed with a natural
diet presented more basal position, less protuberances and irregular edges when compared with the animals fed
with commercial diet. Interestingly, the progression of the spermatogenesis determined by the proportion of
germ cells and the production of spermatozoa determined by the wider of the ducts system was also significantly
larger in the natural diet group.
After the standardization of the diets, mean volume per male and production of total motile cells were significantly
higher in the group that was previously fed a natural diet, confirming structural improvements.S
Effect of fermented goat milk on body composition, basal metabolism, and food intake control in rats
Introducción: es conocido que la dieta juega un papel clave en la composición corporal y afecta al balance energético; sin embargo, la información
es limitada acerca de la influencia de alimentos y nutrientes específicos como es el caso de los productos lácteos, un grupo básico de
alimentos y una importante fuente de nutrientes en la dieta.
Objetivos: evaluar la influencia del consumo de leche fermentada de cabra o vaca sobre la composición corporal y la regulación del apetito en
animales adultos.
Material y métodos: se han utilizado 20 ratas Wistar macho adultas, alimentadas durante 30 días con dietas basadas en leche fermentada de
vaca o de cabra. Se analizaron la evolución de la composición corporal y las concentraciones plasmáticas de adipoquinas (leptina y adiponectina),
hormonas reguladoras del metabolismo intermediario (grelina, insulina, hormona estimulante de la glándula tiroides, triyodotironina y tiroxina) y
ácidos grasos no esterificados (AGNE).
Resultados: el peso y el porcentaje de grasa corporal fueron menores (p < 0,001) y la masa magra fue mayor (p < 0,01) en los animales
alimentados con la dieta basada en leche fermentada de cabra. No se registraron diferencias entre dietas para las concentraciones plasmáticas
de hormonas tiroideas y de insulina. Las concentraciones plasmáticas de grelina y adiponectina disminuyeron (p < 0,001), y las de leptina y
AGNE aumentaron (p < 0,001) con la dieta basada en leche fermentada de cabra.
Conclusión: el consumo habitual de leche fermentada de cabra disminuye la adiposidad y el peso corporal en las ratas adultas al incrementar
el gasto energético, la lipólisis y la sensación de saciedad.Introduction and objective: it is known that diet plays a key role in body composition and affects energy balance. However, scarce information is
available in the scientific literature about the influence of food and specific nutrients such us dairy products, a basic food group and an important
source of nutrients in the diet. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of fermented dairy products (goat or cow milk) on body
composition and appetite regulation in adult animals.
Material and methods: twenty adult male Wistar albino rats were fed fermented goat or cow milk-based diets for 30 days. The evolution of
body composition and plasma concentrations of adipokines (leptine and adiponectine), intermediary metabolism regulating hormones (ghrelin,
insulin, thyroid stimulating hormone, triyodotironine, thyroxine), and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) were analyzed.
Results: body weight and body fat percentage were lower (p < 0.001) in rats fed fermented goat milk versus those fed fermented cow milk,
whereas lean mass percentage was higher (p < 0.01). Plasma thyroid hormone and insulin concentrations did not show significant differences
between diets. The fermented goat milk-based diet decreased ghrelin and adiponectin levels (p < 0.001), and increased leptine and NEFA
concentrations (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: fermented goat milk consumption decreases adiposity and body weight in adult rats by increasing energy expenditure, lipolysis,
and satiety sensation.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por la Junta de Andalucía en el marco del Proyecto de Excelencia P11-AGR-7648
Nutritional profile of multiple sclerosis
[EN]Background: multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Weight loss and malnutrition are prevalent in advanced stages of MS. Objective: the aim of this study was to define the nutritional profile in moderate-advanced MS (especially by documenting malnutrition) and its evolution. Methods: a case-control study was designed; cross-sectional observational study was complemented by a 12-month prospective longitudinal observational study of MS patients. Nutritional status was evaluated by collecting clinical, anthropometric, dietary and analytical data. Results: one hundred and twenty-four patients with MS and 62 controls were recruited; 8% of the patients were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. Only MS patients with advanced disability needed nutritional support. During the follow-up, five patients died and four of them received nutritional support. Conclusions: malnutrition was unusual in our sample of patients with moderate-advanced MS. The need for nutritional support is related to dysphagia in patients with advanced neurological disability. The nutritional status of patients with moderate-advanced MS is defined by a tendency to overweight and by the decrease in basal energy expenditure and handgrip strength test in relation to the loss of muscle mass. The deficient intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber and vitamin D is exacerbated in the evolution of the disease
The Histone Marks Signature in Exonic and Intronic Regions Is Relevant in Early Response of Tomato Genes to Botrytis cinerea and in miRNA Regulation
Research into the relationship between epigenetic regulation and resistance to biotic stresses provides alternatives for plant protection and crop improvement. To unravel the mechanisms underlying tomato responses to Botrytis cinerea, we performed a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis showing the increase in H3K9ac mark along the early induced genes SlyDES, SlyDOX1, and SlyLoxD encoding oxylipin-pathway enzymes, and SlyWRKY75 coding for a transcriptional regulator of hormonal signaling. This histone mark showed a more distinct distribution than the previously studied H3K4me3. The RNAPol-ChIP analysis reflected the actual gene transcription associated with increased histone modifications. A different pattern of marks in the oxylipin-related genes against P. syringae supported a pathogen-specific profile, while no significant differences occurred in SlyWRKY75. The epigenetic regulation of SlyWRKY75 by the intron-binding miR1127-3p was supported by the presence of SlyWRKY75 pre-mRNA in control plants. Interestingly, mRNA was found to be accumulated in response to B. cinerea and P. syringae, while reduction in miRNA only occurred against B. cinerea. The intronic region presented a similar pattern of marks than the rest of the gene in both pathosystems, except for H3K4me3 in the miRNA binding site upon B. cinerea. We located the gene encoding Sly-miR1127-3p, which presented reduced H3K4me3 on its promoter against B. cinerea
Identification of MiRNAs as Viable Aggressiveness Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer
MiRNAs play a relevant role in PC (prostate cancer) by the regulation in the expression of
several pathways’ AR (androgen receptor), cellular cycle, apoptosis, MET (mesenchymal epithelium
transition), or metastasis. Here, we report the role of several miRNAs’ expression patterns, such
as miR-miR-93-5p, miR-23c, miR-210-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-592, miR-141, miR-375, and miR-130b,
with relevance in processes like cell proliferation and MET. Using Trizol® extraction protocol and
TaqMan™ specific probes for amplification, we performed miRNAs’ analysis of 159 PC fresh tissues
and 60 plasmas from peripheral blood samples. We had clinical data from all samples including PSA,
Gleason, TNM, and D’Amico risk. Moreover, a bioinformatic analysis in TCGA (The Cancer Genome
Atlas) was included to analyze the effect of the most relevant miRNAs according to aggressiveness
in an extensive cohort (n = 531). We found that miR-210-3p, miR-23c, miR-592, and miR-93-5p are
the most suitable biomarkers for PC aggressiveness and diagnosis, respectively. In fact, according
with our results, miR93-5p seems the most promising non-invasive biomarker for PC. To sum up,
miR-210-3p, miR-23c, miR-592, and miR93-5p miRNAs are suggested to be potential biomarkers
for PC risk stratification that could be included in non-invasive strategies such as liquid biopsy in
precision medicine for PC management.Regional Ministry of Health and Families of the
Andalusian Government (ref: PI-0319-2018)FIBAO (Andalusian Public Foundation
for Biomedical Research in Eastern Andalusia, “Alejandro Otero”
Risk of suicide in households threatened with eviction: the role of banks and social support
Background: One of the greatest effects of the financial crisis in Spain has been the enormous increase in the
number of evictions. Several studies have shown the association of evictions with different aspects of the physical
and mental health. Furthermore, evictions have been associated with an increased risk of suicide. Our objective was
to evaluate the risk of suicide among victims of eviction and investigate whether it is associated with specific
characteristics of households and interviewees, the eviction process and social support, and health needs. Results: Almost half of the sample (46.7%) were at low (11.8%), moderate (16.9%), or high suicide risk (17.9%).
Household and interviewee features had a limited association with suicide risk. On the contrary, the risk of suicide
is greater with a longer exposure to the eviction process. In addition, threatening phone calls from banks increased
significantly the risk of suicide, especially among men. Suicide risk was also associated with low social support,
especially among women. Interviewees at risk of suicide received more help from nongovernmental organizations
than those who were not at risk. In interviewees at risk, the main unmet needs were emotional and psychological
help, especially in men. A high percentage of those at risk of suicide declare having large unmeet health needs.
Finally, there was a tendency among the evicted at risk of suicide to visit emergency room and primary care more
often than those not at risk, especially among women.
Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study showing that when banks adopt a threatening attitude,
suicide risk increases among the evicted. As hypothesized, when the evicted felt socially supported, suicide risk
decreased. Emotional help was the main mediator of suicide risk and the main unmet need, especially among me
The influence of nutritional factors on prostate cancer incidence and aggressiveness
There is an increasing evidence for a link between nutrition, lifestyle and prostate cancer (PCa) development and/or progression of disease. The objective of this study was to examine the association between dietary factors and PCa incidence and aggressiveness in a case-control study. After the analysis of the anatomic pathology, subjects were classified in patients with PCa (n = 157) and controls (n = 158). Clinical data including Gleason score, PSA values and biopsy results, were compiled. Frequencies of food consumption and sociodemographic data were also obtained. The results showed that physical activity was significantly higher in control (p <.022). It was also found that some nutritional habits offer a protective effect among studied subjects, like high nuts (p =.041) and fish (p =.041) intakes. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in risk (p =.029) in cases with a higher fruits and vegetables intakes. A decreased risk of aggressive PCa was associated with fruits, vegetables, legumes and fish intakes. However, these relationships were not statistically significant when data were adjusted for covariates. In conclusion, this study found an inverse association between PCa risk and the intake of fruits and vegetables, fish and nuts. The results suggested that a diet with higher intakes of these foods as Mediterranean diet may lower the risk of PCa in the studied population. As dietary factors are modifiable, identifying food groups or dietary patterns that modulate the risk of PCa and its aggressiveness can offer effective and practical strategies for its primary prevention
Type 2 Diabetes-Related Variants Influence the Risk of Developing Prostate Cancer: A Population-Based Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis
This study was supported by grants from the FIBAO foundation (Granada, Spain) and from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI12/02688, PI17/02256 and PI20/01845; Madrid, Spain).In this study, we have evaluated whether 57 genome-wide association studies (GWAS)-identified common variants for type 2 diabetes (T2D) influence the risk of developing prostate cancer (PCa) in a population of 304 Caucasian PCa patients and 686 controls. The association of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of PCa was validated through meta-analysis of our data with those from the UKBiobank and FinnGen cohorts, but also previously published genetic studies. We also evaluated whether T2D SNPs associated with PCa risk could influence host immune responses by analysing their correlation with absolute numbers of 91 blood-derived cell populations and circulating levels of 103 immunological proteins and 7 steroid hormones. We also investigated the correlation of the most interesting SNPs with cytokine levels after in vitro stimulation of whole blood, peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and monocyte-derived macrophages with LPS, PHA, Pam3Cys, and Staphylococcus Aureus. The meta-analysis of our data with those from six large cohorts confirmed that each copy of the FTOrs9939609A, HNF1B(rs7501939T), HNF1B(rs75721T), HNF1B(rs4430796G), and JAZF1(rs10486567A) alleles significantly decreased risk of developing PCa (p = 3.70 x 10(-5), p = 9.39 x 10(-54), p = 5.04 x 10(-54), p = 1.19 x 10(-71), and p = 1.66 x 10(-18), respectively). Although it was not statistically significant after correction for multiple testing, we also found that the NOTCH2(rs10923931T) and RBMS1(rs7593730) SNPs associated with the risk of developing PCa (p = 8.49 x 10(-4) and 0.004). Interestingly, we found that the protective effect attributed to the HFN1B locus could be mediated by the SULT1A1 protein (p = 0.00030), an arylsulfotransferase that catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and xenobiotic compounds. In addition to these results, eQTL analysis revealed that the HNF1B(rs7501939), HNF1B(rs757210), HNF1B(rs4430796), NOTCH2(rs10923931), and RBMS1(rs7593730) SNPs influence the risk of PCa through the modulation of mRNA levels of their respective genes in whole blood and/or liver. These results confirm that functional TD2-related variants influence the risk of developing PCa, but also highlight the need of additional experiments to validate our functional results in a tumoral tissue context.FIBAO foundation (Granada, Spain)Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI12/02688
PI17/02256
PI20/0184
Type 2 Diabetes-Related Variants Influence the Risk of Developing Prostate Cancer:A Population-Based Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis
In this study, we have evaluated whether 57 genome-wide association studies (GWAS)-identified common variants for type 2 diabetes (T2D) influence the risk of developing prostate cancer (PCa) in a population of 304 Caucasian PCa patients and 686 controls. The association of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of PCa was validated through meta-analysis of our data with those from the UKBiobank and FinnGen cohorts, but also previously published genetic studies. We also evaluated whether T2D SNPs associated with PCa risk could influence host immune responses by analysing their correlation with absolute numbers of 91 blood-derived cell populations and circulating levels of 103 immunological proteins and 7 steroid hormones. We also investigated the correlation of the most interesting SNPs with cytokine levels after in vitro stimulation of whole blood, peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and monocyte-derived macrophages with LPS, PHA, Pam3Cys, and Staphylococcus Aureus. The meta-analysis of our data with those from six large cohorts confirmed that each copy of the FTOrs9939609A, HNF1Brs7501939T, HNF1Brs757210T, HNF1Brs4430796G, and JAZF1rs10486567A alleles significantly decreased risk of developing PCa (p = 3.70 × 10−5, p = 9.39 × 10−54, p = 5.04 × 10−54, p = 1.19 × 10−71, and p = 1.66 × 10−18, respectively). Although it was not statistically significant after correction for multiple testing, we also found that the NOTCH2rs10923931T and RBMS1rs7593730 SNPs associated with the risk of developing PCa (p = 8.49 × 10−4 and 0.004). Interestingly, we found that the protective effect attributed to the HFN1B locus could be mediated by the SULT1A1 protein (p = 0.00030), an arylsulfotransferase that catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and xenobiotic com-pounds. In addition to these results, eQTL analysis revealed that the HNF1Brs7501939, HNF1Brs757210, HNF1Brs4430796, NOTCH2rs10923931, and RBMS1rs7593730 SNPs influence the risk of PCa through the modulation of mRNA levels of their respective genes in whole blood and/or liver. These results confirm that functional TD2-related variants influence the risk of developing PCa, but also highlight the need of additional experiments to validate our functional results in a tumoral tissue context
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