DR.SGX: Hardening SGX Enclaves against Cache Attacks with Data Location Randomization

Recent research has demonstrated that Intel's SGX is vulnerable to various software-based side-channel attacks. In particular, attacks that monitor CPU caches shared between the victim enclave and untrusted software enable accurate leakage of secret enclave data. Known defenses assume developer assistance, require hardware changes, impose high overhead, or prevent only some of the known attacks. In this paper we propose data location randomization as a novel defensive approach to address the threat of side-channel attacks. Our main goal is to break the link between the cache observations by the privileged adversary and the actual data accesses by the victim. We design and implement a compiler-based tool called DR.SGX that instruments enclave code such that data locations are permuted at the granularity of cache lines. We realize the permutation with the CPU's cryptographic hardware-acceleration units providing secure randomization. To prevent correlation of repeated memory accesses we continuously re-randomize all enclave data during execution. Our solution effectively protects many (but not all) enclaves from cache attacks and provides a complementary enclave hardening technique that is especially useful against unpredictable information leakage

Produção de Saúde: potencializar a invenção de novos modos de vida comunitária

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo estimular a criatividade de grupos e potencializar suas linhas de fuga em prol da ampliação de novos modos de vida e de singularização coletiva. A proposta teórico-metodológica fundamenta-se nos estudos do Institucionalismo, na vertente da Esquizoanálise. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-intervenção, com abordagem qualitativa, uma vez que analisa os aspectos dinâmicos, sociais e subjetivos, com o intuito de cartografar os modos de vida, os fluxos de forças, os discursos, os movimentos, as resistências e as linhas de fuga da comunidade pesquisada, com foco nos movimentos de afirmação da vida. Para tal, os pesquisadores vivenciaram o cotidiano do território de um município de Minas Gerais, onde acompanharam o movimento de um grupo de adolescentes criadores de espaços de lazer e arte para a comunidade

Terminal 18q deletions are stabilized by neotelomeres

Background: All human chromosomes are capped by tandem repeat (TTAGGG)n sequences that protect them against end-to-end fusion and are essential to chromosomal replication and integrity. Therefore, after a chromosomal breakage, the deleted chromosomes must be stabilized by retaining the telomere or acquiring a new cap, by telomere healing or telomere capture. There are few reports with molecular approaches on the mechanisms involved in stabilization of 18q terminal deletions.Results: in this study we analyzed nine patients with 18q terminal deletion identified by G-banding and genomic array. FISH using PNA probe revealed telomeric signals in all deleted chromosomes tested. We fine-mapped breakpoints with customized arrays and sequenced six terminal deletion junctions. in all six deleted chromosomes sequenced, telomeric sequences were found directly attached to the breakpoints. Little or no microhomology was found at the breakpoints and none of the breaks sequenced were located in low copy repeat (LCR) regions, though repetitive elements were found around the breakpoints in five patients. One patient presented a more complex rearrangement with two deleted segments and an addition of 17 base pairs (bp).Conclusions: We found that all six deleted chromosomes sequenced were probably stabilized by the healing mechanism leading to a neotelomere formation.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol & Genet, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilEmory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biophys, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pathol, Lab Citogenom, BR-05403000 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol & Genet, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biophys, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pathol, Lab Citogenom, BR-05403000 São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2012/51150-0FAPESP: 2012/15572-7Web of Scienc

Duplication 9p and their implication to phenotype

Background: Trisomy 9p is one of the most common partial trisomies found in newborns. We report the clinical features and cytogenomic findings in five patients with different chromosome rearrangements resulting in complete 9p duplication, three of them involving 9p centromere alterations.Methods: the rearrangements in the patients were characterized by G-banding, SNP-array and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with different probes.Results: Two patients presented de novo dicentric chromosomes: der(9; 15)t(9; 15)(p11.2;p13) and der(9; 21)t(9; 21) (p13.1;p13.1). One patient presented two concomitant rearranged chromosomes: a der(12)t(9; 12)(q21.13;p13.33) and an psu i(9)(p10) which showed FISH centromeric signal smaller than in the normal chromosome 9. Besides the duplication 9p24.3p13.1, array revealed a 7.3 Mb deletion in 9q13q21.13 in this patient. the break in the psu i(9) (p10) probably occurred in the centromere resulting in a smaller centromere and with part of the 9q translocated to the distal 12p with the deletion 9q occurring during this rearrangement. Two patients, brother and sister, present 9p duplication concomitant to 18p deletion due to an inherited der(18)t(9; 18)(p11.2; p11.31) mat.Conclusions: the patients with trisomy 9p present a well-recognizable phenotype due to facial appearance, although the genotype-phenotype correlation can be difficult due to concomitant partial monosomy of other chromosomes. the chromosome 9 is rich in segmental duplication, especially in pericentromeric region, with high degree of sequence identity to sequences in 15p, 18p and 21p, chromosomes involved in our rearrangements. Thus, we suggest that chromosome 9 is prone to illegitimate recombination, either intrachromosomal or interchromosomal, which predisposes it to rearrangements, frequently involving pericentromeric regions.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol & Genet, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Dept Pathol, Lab Citogen, BR-05403000 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol & Genet, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2012/51150-0FAPESP: 2012/15572-7Web of Scienc

Socio-environmental impacts caused by hydroelectric dams in northeastern Brazil / Impactos socioambientais causados por barragens hidrelétricas no nordeste do Brasil

With the advancement of the energy sector in Brazil there was a large insertion of hydroelectric dams, many were installed in the northeast due to the great availability of water resources, thus being one of the main reasons for environmental and social impacts. The work seeks to warn about the socioenvironmental damage in the Northeastern region of Brazil caused by hydroelectric dams today. For the research were used 18 articles, analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, always seeking data consistently and respecting the research line. After analyzing 13 hydroelectric dams, several social and environmental impacts were observed, such as floods, impacts on local fauna and flora, relocation of people, loss of culture and economic impacts. It has been observed that for decades human action as an intervener has caused numerous damage to the environment and society, as a consequence there has been a noticeable change in the surrounding regions in climate, economic and social advancement of people, as a solution the work suggested the use of new methods for the production of electricity, so that the impacts are smaller and viable to the economy, preserving the environment and the production of electricity. 

Prevalence and characterization of maxillary sinus septa in a brazilian population

The aim of this study was to assess the anatomic aspects of the maxillary sinus septa, by means of computed tomography images, in a Brazilian population. The results might be of clinical significance in sinus lift surgery planning. In the study, 123 co

Additives and storage time for silage of pineapple crop waste

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de aditivos e tempos de armazenamento sobre a qualidade e a deterioração aeróbia de silagens de resíduos de cultura do abacaxi. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 3x3, com três tratamentos: silagem de resíduos culturais de abacaxi sem aditivo ou aditivada com fubá de milho ou farelo de trigo (20% da matéria fresca), em três tempos de armazenamento (60, 90 e 120 dias). Após cada tempo de armazenamento, realizaram-se quantificações de perdas e deterioração aeróbia, análises da composição química e ensaios de digestibilidade. O tempo de armazenamento por 120 dias resultou em maiores perdas de matéria seca em todos os tratamentos. Os aditivos incrementaram os teores de matéria seca das silagens à base de abacaxi, que passaram de 182,1 g kg-1 (silagem controle) para 298,7 e 297,6 g kg-1 (fubá de milho e farelo de trigo, respectivamente). A silagem controle adicionada de fubá de milho apresentou maior digestibilidade da matéria seca (739,7 g kg-1) e menor teor de fibra em detergente neutro (251,9 g kg-1). A produção de CO2 aumentou a partir do primeiro dia de exposição ao ar nas silagens não aditivadas, mas apenas a partir do sexto dia nas aditivadas. A inclusão do fubá de milho como aditivo na silagem de resíduos de abacaxi melhora sua digestibilidade e reduz sua velocidade de deterioração.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of additives and storage time on the quality and aerobic deterioration of silages of pineapple crop waste. A completely randomized design was used, in a 3×3 factorial arrangement, with three treatments: pineapple waste silage without additives or with the addition of cornmeal or wheat bran (20% fresh matter) at three storage times (60, 90, and 120 days). After each storage time, losses and aerobic deterioration were quantified, chemical composition was analyzed, and digestibility assays were performed. The storage time of 120 days resulted in higher dry matter losses in all treatments. The additives incremented the dry matter contents of the pineapple-based silages, which went from 182.1 g kg-1 (control silage) to 298.7 and 297.6 g kg-1 (cornmeal and wheat bran, respectively). The control silage with the addition of cornmeal showed the highest dry matter digestibility (739.7 g kg-1) and lowest neutral detergent fiber content (251.9 g kg-1). The production of CO2 started to increase on the first day of air exposure in silages without additives, but only after six days in those with additives. Including cornmeal as an additive in the silage of pineapple crop waste improves its digestibility and reduces its deterioration speed