Global Disk Oscillation Modes in Cataclysmic Variables and Other Newtonian Accretors

Diskoseismology, the theoretical study of small adiabatic hydrodynamical global perturbations of geometrically thin, optically thick accretion disks around black holes (and other compact objects), is a potentially powerful probe of the gravitational field. For instance, the frequencies of the normal mode oscillations can be used to determine the elusive angular momentum parameter of the black hole. The general formalism developed by diskoseismologists for relativistic systems can be readily applied to the Newtonian case of cataclysmic variables (CVs). Some of these systems (e.g., the dwarf nova SS Cygni) show rapid oscillations in the UV with periods of tens of seconds and high coherence. In this paper, we assess the possibility that these dwarf nova oscillations (DNOs) are diskoseismic modes. Besides its importance in investigating the physical origin of DNOs, the present work could help us to answer the following question. To what extent are the similarities in the oscillation phenomenology of CVs and X-ray binaries (XRBs) indicative of a common physical mechanism?Comment: 1 figur

SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL C-4 DISUBSTITUTED β-LACTAMS THROUGH STAUDINGER CYCLOADDITION REACTION

Synthesis of novel C-4 disubstituted beta-lactam that has N-methyl pyrrole system has been achieved through Staudinger cycloaddition reaction of acid chloride and imine. Interestingly, this reaction has produced a single stereoisomer

An Integrated Strategy to Decrease Eared Dove Damage in Sunflower Crops

Eared doves (Zenaida auriculata) damage mature sunflowers in Uruguay. Although repellents might be useful as a control method, durability and expense have discouraged their use. In the present report, we describe laboratory, aviary, and field research designed to evaluate methiocarb and calcium carbonate as durable, economical repellents. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was as effective as CaCO3 /methiocarb in combination in deterring consumption of sunflowers. Moreover, treating field borders with CaCO3 or the CaCO3 /methiocarb combination was as effective as treating the entire field for at least 12 days. This period is sufficiently long to deter damage to sunflower during the critical period just before harvest. We conclude that CaC03 can provide an economical tool to reduce bird damage to sunflower in Uruguay

7-Ketocholesterol increases retinal microglial migration, activation, and angiogenicity: a potential pathogenic mechanism underlying age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has been associated with both accumulation of lipid and lipid oxidative products, as well as increased neuroinflammatory changes and microglial activation in the outer retina. However, the relationships between these factors are incompletely understood. 7-Ketocholesterol (7KCh) is a cholesterol oxidation product localized to the outer retina with prominent pro-inflammatory effects. To explore the potential relationship between 7KCh and microglial activation, we localized 7KCh and microglia to the outer retina of aged mice and investigated 7KCh effects on retinal microglia in both in vitro and in vivo systems. We found that retinal microglia demonstrated a prominent chemotropism to 7KCh and readily internalized 7KCh. Sublethal concentrations of 7KCh resulted in microglial activation and polarization to a pro-inflammatory M1 state via NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Microglia exposed to 7KCh reduced expression of neurotrophic growth factors but increased expression of angiogenic factors, transitioning to a more neurotoxic and pro-angiogenic phenotype. Finally, subretinal transplantation of 7KCh-exposed microglia promoted choroidal neovascularization (CNV) relative to control microglia in a Matrigel-CNV model. The interaction of retinal microglia with 7KCh in the aged retina may thus underlie how outer retinal lipid accumulation in intermediate AMD results in neuroinflammation that ultimately drives progression towards advanced AMD

Inspection errors in link sampling

Results of an investigation into the sensitivity to two types of inspection error of link sampling procedures described by Harishchandra and Srivenkataramana are reported. Relevant compound distributions are derived. Some comparisons with results obtained in a similar investigation for standard double sampling are also given

Observable Unruh Effect and Unmasked Unruh Radiation

The Unruh effect, thereby an ideally accelerated quantum detector is predicted to absorb thermalized virtual photons and re-emit real photons, is significantly extended for laboratory accessible configurations. Using modern influence functional techniques, we obtain explicit expressions describing the excitation and relaxation of the quantum levels of an Unruh detector as a general noninertial open quantum system. Remarkably, for controllable periodical motions, an exact master equation is found for the Unruh detector within the prevailing framework of quantum optics with a well-defined Unruh temperature for given acceleration ($\alpha$), acceleration frequency ($\omega_\alpha$), and transition frequency ($\omega_0$) of the detector. We further show that the measurable Unruh temperatures and corresponding transition rates are comparable or higher than their values for the ideally accelerated cases if $c\omega_0$ and $c\omega_\alpha$ have similar orders of magnitude as $\alpha$. This allows us to select the transition rates of the detector to unmask Unruh radiation against Larmor radiation which has been a major competing noise. Our work suggests experiments with such settings may directly confirm the Unruh effect within the current technology, based on which a laboratory test of black hole thermodynamics will become possible.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

The Architecture of the GW Ori Young Triple Star System and Its Disk: Dynamical Masses, Mutual Inclinations, and Recurrent Eclipses

We present spatially and spectrally resolved Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of gas and dust orbiting the pre-main sequence hierarchical triple star system GW Ori. A forward-modeling of the ${}^{13}$CO and C${}^{18}$O $J$=2-1 transitions permits a measurement of the total stellar mass in this system, $5.29 \pm 0.09\,M_\odot$, and the circum-triple disk inclination, $137.6 \pm 2.0^\circ$. Optical spectra spanning a 35 year period were used to derive new radial velocities and, coupled with a spectroscopic disentangling technique, revealed that the A and B components of GW Ori form a double-lined spectroscopic binary with a $241.50\pm0.05$ day period; a tertiary companion orbits that inner pair with a $4218\pm50$ day period. Combining the results from the ALMA data and the optical spectra with three epochs of astrometry in the literature, we constrain the individual stellar masses in the system ($M_\mathrm{A} \approx 2.7\,M_\odot$, $M_\mathrm{B} \approx 1.7\,M_\odot$, $M_\mathrm{C} \approx 0.9\,M_\odot$) and find strong evidence that at least one (and likely both) stellar orbital planes are misaligned with the disk plane by as much as $45^\circ$. A $V$-band light curve spanning 30 years reveals several new $\sim$30 day eclipse events 0.1-0.7~mag in depth and a 0.2 mag sinusoidal oscillation that is clearly phased with the AB-C orbital period. Taken together, these features suggest that the A-B pair may be partially obscured by material in the inner disk as the pair approaches apoastron in the hierarchical orbit. Lastly, we conclude that stellar evolutionary models are consistent with our measurements of the masses and basic photospheric properties if the GW Ori system is $\sim$1 Myr old.Comment: 26 pages, 15 figures, accepted to Ap