Colite necrohemorrágica causada por Entamoeba histolytica em um cão

Background: Intestinal amebiasis with morphological lesions and clinical manifestations is uncommon in dogs. The disease is caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, which is commonly observed in its natural hosts, humans and some non-human primates. It is occasionally found in the company of animals, usually associated with contact with infected humans. Thus, the objective here is to describe a case of necro-hemorrhagic colitis caused by E. histolytica in a dog infected with the canine distemper virus, in order to characterize the epidemiological and clinicopathological aspects of the disease.Case: An adult, mixed-breed bitch displaying anorexia and ataxia was referred to the veterinary hospital for treatment. Clinical evaluation showed a cachectic animal with 12% dehydration, ocular discharge, and bilateral purulent nasal dis-charge. A clinical diagnosis of distemper was made, and treatment was instituted. The dog’s signs progressed to walking in circles, aimlessly, with lethargy and blindness. After three days of the onset of neurological signs, the dog developed diarrhea with hematochezia. With no improvement noted, we elected to euthanize the dog. At necropsy, edema was present in subcutaneous tissues, and the lungs had yellow areas in the cranio-ventral portions, which the court was flowing purulent discharge. In the large intestine, segmental distention of the distal portion of the descending colon was observed. The segment was approximately 15 cm in length and consisted of irregular reddish areas. There was also slight thickening of the wall with edematous mucosa containing blood clots, fibrin, and multiple areas of ulceration. Microscopically showed necro-hemorrhagic colitis associated with rounded structures, approximately 15 μm in size, containing abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm that was slightly granular or vacuolated. They also contained nuclei and nucleoli that were central or slightly eccentric. These organisms were consistent with amoeba trophozoites. There was also demyelinating encephalitis associated with malacia, corpuscular intranuclear eosinophilic inclusions and / or intracytoplasmic inclusions in ependymal cells, astrocytes, and gemistocytes, characteristic of infection with canine distemper virus. Using immunohistochemistry with polyclonal anti-E. histolytica antibodies in the dilution of 1:1000, trophozoites were immunomarked, confirming the suspected amebiasis.Discussion: The diagnosis of intestinal amebiasis was based on clinical signs and by morphological characteristics on gross and microscopic examination, and was confirmed as E. histolytica by immunohistochemistry. Limited information on theepidemiology and pathological findings of infection with Entamoeba sp. has been reported in the literature, as it is relatively uncommon in pets. Affected animals are usually asymptomatic, but immunosuppression caused by canine distemper virus may have triggered the clinical manifestations of the disease in this dog. Enteritis due Entamoeba sp. should be considered in dogs with chronic weight loss and bloody diarrhea. It should also be included in the differential diagnoses for weight loss and hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, such as canine parvovirus, canine adenovirus 1, Pythium insidiosum, and Giardia sp

Uso da língua brasileira de sinais no contexto do sistema único de saúde: revisão integrativa: Use of brazilian sign language in the context of the single health system: integrative review

Objetivo: avaliar as evidências científicas sobre os aspectos relativos ao uso da Libras na comunicação dos profissionais com os usuários surdos no contexto do SUS. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura cujo intuito é realizar um estudo transversal descritivo sobre o uso da Libras no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro. Foram identificados 5 artigos. Após aplicação dos critérios definidos foi eliminado 1 publicação, resultando em 4 artigos. A primeira etapa da leitura eliminou 1 artigo que não possuía relação com o tema da pesquisa ou não respondia ao objetivo do estudo, restando 3 artigos. Resultado: Os artigos selecionados abordam o uso da Libras no contexto do SUS pelos profissionais e usuários sob diferentes óticas, elencando potencialidades e barreiras na manutenção do diálogo. Conclusão: Embora o uso da Libras enquanto garantia da integralidade e ferramenta de acesso e comunicação seja respaldado por lei, verifica-se nos estudos que isto não condiz com a realidade vivenciada rotineiramente pelos pacientes surdos e os profissionais que prestam assistência a esta população

Morphometric Alteration of Intestinal Epithelium of Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Submitted to the Technique of Enteropexy

Background: Due to the numerous complications that enteropexy may cause in domestic animals and humans, this study aimed at investigating the microscopic level, the damage generated by this technique in mice, in order to investigate the morphometric changes caused by enteropexy technique in rats.Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen Wistar rats were submitted to surgical technique of enteropexy. To evaluate intestinal disorders they were euthanized at 30 (Group I), 60 (group II) and 90 (group III) days after the procedure. The animals were perfused with 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 4% paraformaldehyde for the removal of intestinal fragments for analysis in conventional microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In classical histopathology, group I presented mild lesions with necrosis of the epithelium and infiltration of mononuclear cells. After 60 days, extensive ischemic necrosis area was observed, characterized by the denudation of epithelium cells and cellular debris in the lumen surface and loss of intestinal crypts. After 90 days (group III) lesions were evident and were characterized by strong coagulative necrosis of epithelial cells and intestinal crypts. Under electron microscopy, group I showed early fusion of the adjacent intestinal walls. After 60 days there was adherence of luminal stenosis and intestinal walls. In group III loss of epithelium and substitution of necrotic tissue were identified.Discussion: In the current study it was noticed microscopically that the groups had inflammatory reactions to foreign bodies. It is known that the sutures, independent of manufacture, behave as foreign bodies that induce tissue inflammation of the recipient organism and could harm the scar repair. Among the surgical threads, the nylon type (which was chosen for the current experiment) is indicated in the approach tissues in general and bandages, including cardiovascular, ophthalmic and neurological procedures. This category wire induces minimal inflammation of the receptor tissue. In studies of the histopathological analysis of the tissue reactions produced by the wire implant or nylon thread clamp in rats, it was observed that when the local action of two implants were compared, inflammation showed qualitatively similar responses, although they had different characteristics regarding their course. Inflammation is proportional to the proliferation of fibroblasts and the presence of fibrous tissue around the suture. This quote confirms the analyzed samples, in which, in all postoperative times showed inflammatory process, although at different magnitudes. Surgical research in laboratory animals has expanded in recent decades, mainly due to better anesthetic support, the sophistication of infrastructure, material for perioperative continuous monitoring and an incessant search for species that reproduce human morbid conditions. The main focus of these studies have been improving the knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms of disease, undertake therapeutic trials with new drugs, studying biomarkers and evaluate new techniques to be applied prospects in man. The most common sites of occurrence of intestinal are ileocolic intussusception junction and jejunojejunal segment. The enteroplication has been used to reduce the occurrence of intussusception, promoting the adhesion of the adjacent serosa layers of intestinal segments and thereby decreasing intestinal motility, their applicability is reported in humans, dogs and cats. The enteropexy technique causes morphological changes in intestinal epithelium of rats, evidenced in conventional and electron microscopy, progress with the passing of time the procedure

Análise da aplicabilidade do protocolo de identificação correta do paciente: Um relato de experiência / Analysis of applicability correct patient identification protocol: An experience report

Objetivo: Analisar o protocolo de identificação do paciente e sua aplicabilidade dentro do serviço de saúde, correlacionando à teoria e prática observada com as orientações do ministério da saúde, ANVISA e Fiocruz. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, do tipo relato de experiência, fundamentado na análise do protocolo de identificação do paciente utilizado pela instituição hospitalar, e os protocolos normativos dos órgãos de saúde. Resultados: Foi analisado o protocolo de identificação do paciente e diante percebe-se que a instituição segue em sua grande maioria de acordo com o que os protocolos de saúde determinam. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que embora o protocolo existente no serviço esteja embasado no Protocolo de Identificação do Paciente, ainda sim existe uma necessidade de sua atualização e a realização de educação permanente para os profissionais que realizam a assistência

Prostatectomia total para exérese de adenocarcinoma em cão: relato de caso

As neoplasias prostáticas são extremamente relevantes na rotina veterinária, visto que as afecções que acometem esse órgão, que é a única glândula sexual acessória do cão, têm um alto grau de malignidade e são localmente invasivas. A incidência de neoplasia prostática é baixa, sendo os animais de meia-idade a idosos (8 a 11 anos) mais predispostos. O diagnóstico definitivo é realizado através do exame histopatológico, entretanto o mesmo acontece muitas vezes de forma tardia, levando a um prognóstico de reservado a desfavorável. Devido à raridade da ocorrência desta neoplasia, sem o aparecimento de metástase, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo descrever a realização da prostatectomia total para exérese de adenocarcinoma em um paciente canino, da raça Maltês, com 10 anos de idade. O animal foi encaminhado para atendimento clínico apresentando incontinência urinária, polaquiu?ria, baixo grau de tenesmo e episódios de diarreia pastosa. Foram realizados exames complementares como hemograma, bioquímico (dosagem de triglicerídeos, colesterol total, alanina aminotransferase, fosfatase alcalina e creatinina), ultrassonografia abdominal, eletrocardiograma, ecocardiograma, tomografia computadorizada do tórax e abdômen e citologia. Após diagnóstico neoplásico, realizou-se a prostatectomia total para exérese do adenocarcinoma prostático, obtendo-se resultado satisfatório. Conclui-se que o procedimento cirúrgico empregado em questão é eficaz para o tratamento de neoplasia prostática em animais com diagnóstico precoce, sem indícios de metástase, no qual é possível realizar toda a ressecção tumoral

Quantitative and qualitative diagnostic of urban trees squares in Aracaju, SE, Brazil

Aracaju is a city that was planned with geometric precision and simplicity. Since its settlement, it has gone through constant changes in its urban environment. Due to these changes, fewer green areas remain in the urban environment. Well-planned urban afforestation is very important, once trees provide benefits to the city in ecological (climate and pollution), biological (physical health of human beings) and psychological (mental health of population) processes. However, the absence of afforestation planning and the use of inappropriate species are the main obstacles to achieving these benefits. This study was carried out to evaluate the floristic composition of twenty-two main squares in Aracaju-SE, as a way to know the current status and allow some interventions to improve the technical adequacy of urban green space. The floristic survey was conducted by means of a Census, from September 2006 until July 2007, in each square making the recognition and identification of all trees present using traditional methods and herborization.Aracaju foi uma cidade planejada com simplicidade e rigor geométrico. Desde a sua fundação, ela vem passando por constantes alterações, havendo cada vez menos áreas verdes no ambiente urbano. A arborização urbana bem planejada é muito importante, pois as árvores trazem benefícios à cidade nos processos de ordens ecológica (clima e poluição), biológica (saúde física do homem) e psicológica (saúde mental do homem). Porém, a falta de planejamento dessa arborização e o uso inadequado de algumas espécies são empecilhos para se atingirem esses benefícios. Dessa forma, este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a composição florística de 22 praças de Aracaju, SE, como forma de conhecer a atual situação de sua arborização e possibilitar intervenções para melhorar a adequação técnica do espaço verde urbano. O levantamento florístico foi realizado através de censo, no período de setembro de 2006 a julho de 2007, em cada praça, com o reconhecimento e identificação de todos os indivíduos arbóreos, utilizando-se as técnicas tradicionais de coleta e herborização. Realizou-se a identificação das espécies com o auxílio de literatura específica. Foram identificados 1.290 indivíduos, distribuídos em 20 famílias botânicas, 46 gêneros e 64 espécies, sendo nove espécies não identificadas. Das espécies identificadas, 58% são exóticas no território brasileiro e 42%, espécies nativas. As praças apresentam similaridade entre si, com coeficiente de Jaccard variando de 0,00 a 0,66, e a Praça Almirante Tamandaré e a Praça Graccho Cardoso foram as de maior similaridade (66%).Viçosa, M