Curso Hispano-filipino para profesores de castellano (1963-1985)

Publicado en el blog La reina de los mares, de la Biblioteca AECID, el 9 de diciembre de 202

Pregunte: las bibliotecas responden (Ask a librarian). Virtual reference services in Spain’s public libraries

Review and development of the Spanish virtual reference service Pregunte: las bibliotecas responden (Ask a librarian). Description of main characteristics, workflows and statistical analysis. Description of the recently established chat servic

The effects of an appropriate behavior program on elementary school children social skills development in physical education

The purpose of this study was to see the effects of an appropriate behavior development program in relation to the improvement of fair play and social skills behaviors of elementary school children during the physical education class. The participants of this study were 204 students from 5th and 6th grade from seven different public schools in Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. Data was collected through a questionnaire to measure students' pre and post appropriate behaviors when winning, appropriate behaviors when loosing, appropriate behaviors during the game, fair play skills and social skills, during the physical education class. Results from this study revealed that participants improved their behaviors with the implementation of the intervention (appropriate behavior program), generating positive changes in students? attitudes and social skills during physical education class. In relation to children gender, girls had better scores than boys in relation to appropriate behaviors when losing. Further, when comparing students' age, those from 10 to 11 years old scored higher in fair play behaviors and social skills. In conclusion, the intervention program was effective to improve the behaviors of the school children, generating positive changes in their attitudes and social skills during physical education.Fil: Gil Madrona, Pedro. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; EspañaFil: Gutiérrez Marín, Eva Cristina. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; EspañaFil: Cupani, Marcos. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas; ArgentinaFil: Samalot Rivera, Amaury. State University of New York; Estados UnidosFil: Díaz Suárez, Arturo. Universidad de Murcia; EspañaFil: López Sánchez, Guillermo F.. Universidad de Murcia; Españ

Fatores de abuso sexual na infância e adolescência de estudantes de Morelos, México

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with sexual abuse in childhood and adolescence. METHODS: Study conducted in a sample of students in the state of Morelos, Mexico, in 2004-2005. Participants (n=1730) were drawn from a cohort of 13,293 students aged 12 to 24 years. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire comprising parts of validated scales. The variables studied were: sociodemographic (gender, living area, socioeconomic status), family (parental education, parental addictions, violence between parents), individual psychological factors (self-esteem assessed using the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, depression, alcohol consumption), intrafamily violence (assessed through Strauss Scale) and sexual abuse. Multiple logistic regression assessed the risk factors associated. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were estimated. RESULTS: Of all students studied, 4.7% (n=80) reported attempted sexual abuse and 2.9% (n=50) were victims of consummated sexual abuse. Women had higher prevalence of attempted (6.1%) abuse; 3.6% of females and 1.9% of men were sexually abused. Main perpetrators were boyfriends in women and a stranger in men. Mean age was 12.02 years old among females and 11.71 years old among men. Factors found to be associated with abuse: high parental alcohol consumption (OR = 3.37, 95% CI 1.40;8.07), violence toward the mother (OR = 4.49, 95% CI 1.54;13.10), female gender (OR = 2.47, 95% CI 1.17;5.24), being a victim of great domestic violence (OR = 3.58, 95% CI 1.32;9.67). High self-esteem was a protective factor (OR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.09;0.75). CONCLUSIONS: Overall sexual abuse occurs at the age of 12 in both males and females, and it is more frequent among females. Most victims do not report abuse.OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia y los factores asociados al abuso sexual en niñez y adolescencia. MÉTODOS: Estudio realizado en una muestra de estudiantes del estado de Morelos, México, en 2004-2005. Los participantes (n=1730) pertenecen a una cohorte de 13.293 estudiantes de 12 a 24 años. Los datos fueron colectados mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario conteniendo secciones de escalas validadas. Las variables analizadas fueron: factores sociodemográficos (sexo, zona de habitación, nivel socioeconómico); familiares (educación de los padres, adicciones de los padres, violencia entre padres); psicológicos individuales (autoestima - Inventario de Autoestima de Coopersmith, depresión, consumo de alcohol); violencia intrafamiliar (Escala de Strauss); y abuso sexual. Mediante regresión logística múltiple se evaluaron los factores asociados. Se obtuvieron Razones de Momios (RM) con intervalos de confianza al 95%. RESULTADOS: El 4.7% (n=80) de los (as) estudiantes presentaron intento de abuso y el 2.9% (n=50) fueron víctimas de abuso sexual consumado. Las mujeres tuvieron mayor prevalencia de intento (6.1%). El 3.6% de las mujeres y el 1.9% de los hombres fueron abusados sexualmente. Principal agresor en mujeres fue el novio y en hombres una persona desconocida. Edad promedio de 12.02 años en mujeres y 11.71 en hombres. Factores asociados al abuso: mayor consumo de alcohol padres (RM = 3.37; IC 95% 1.40;8.07); violencia hacia madre (RM=4.49; IC 95%1.54;13.10); ser mujer (RM = 2.47; IC 95%1.17;5.24); ser víctima de violencia intrafamiliar alta (RM=3.58; IC 95%1.32;9.67). Autoestima alta fue un factor protector (RM=0.27; IC 95% 0.09;0.75). CONCLUSIONES: En promedio el abuso sexual se presenta a los 12 años de edad en ambos sexos, siendo más frecuente en el sexo femenino. La mayoría de víctimas no lo denuncia.OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência e fatores associados ao abuso sexual infantil e na adolescência. MÉTODOS: Estudo realizado em amostra de estudantes do estado de Morelos, México, entre 2004 e 2005. Os participantes (n=1730) pertencem a uma coorte de 13.293 estudantes de 12 a 24 anos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário formado por partes de escalas validadas. As variáveis analisadas foram: fatores sociodemográficos (sexo, zona de residência, nível socioeconômico); familiares (educação dos pais, vícios dos pai, violência entre pais); psicológicos individuais (autoestima- Inventario de Autoestima de Coopersmith, depressão, consumo de álcool); violência intrafamiliar (Escala de Strauss); e abuso sexual. As variáveis dependentes analisadas foram a intenção e o abuso sexual consumado. Os fatores associados foram analisados por meio de regressão logística múltipla, com odds ratios e respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC 95%). RESULTADOS: Do total, 4,7% (n=80) dos alunos reportaram terem sofrido intenção de abuso e 2,9% foram vítimas de abuso sexual consumado. As mulheres relataram maior prevalência de intenção (6,1%). Foram abusados sexualmente 3,6% das mulheres e 1,9% dos homens. O principal agressor das mulheres foi o namorado e dos homens, uma pessoa desconhecida. A idade do abuso foi de 12,02 anos para mulheres e 11,71 para os homens. Os fatores associados ao abuso foi o maior consumo de álcool pelos pais (RM = 3.37; IC 95% 1.40;8.07); violência contra a mãe (OR=4.49; IC 95%1.54;13.10); ser mulher (OR= 2.47; IC 95%1.17;5.24); ser vítima de violência intrafamiliar alta (OR=3.58; IC 95%1.32;9.67). Autoestima alta foi um fator protetor (RM=0.27; IC 95% 0.09;0.75). CONCLUSÕES: A média de idade do abuso sexual foi de 12 anos em ambos os sexos, sendo mais freqüente entre as do sexo feminino. A maioria das vítimas não denuncia o abuso

Funcionamiento psicológico positivo en España: ¿existen diferencias en función del nivel educativo?

En esta investigación nos preguntamos si existen diferencias en bienestar y en recursos psicológicos en función del nivel educativo. Empleamos una muestra formada por 2902 individuos y comparamos cinco niveles educativos en las variables indicadas. El análisis se hizo mediante ANOVA y mostró diferencias en todas las variables. Los resultados mostraron que tanto los recursos como el bienestar van en aumento a medida que se incrementa el nivel educativo, pero, que este incremento declina en los sujetos que realizaron estudios universitarios, pero, solo, de grado medio. Futuras investigaciones deberán aclarar esta cuestión.

Detection of Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Post-Vaccination in Health Care Workers of a Large Tertiary Hospital in Spain by Using a Rapid Test LFIC and sVNT-ELISA

The presence of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 represent a surrogate marker of immunologic protection in populations at high risk of infection such as healthcare workers caring for hospitalized patients with COVID-19. As recommended by CDC and the European CDC, the use of rapid diagnostic tests during population-based evaluations offers an opportunity to identify individuals with serologic evidence of natural infection or who have undergone vaccination. We carried out a cross-sectional study to assess the presence of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among medical providers at an intensive care unit of a large referral hospital in Alicante, Spain. In addition, we tested for the presence of neutralizing antibodies compared to serum of uninfected individuals from a Biobank. We were also interested in evaluating the use of a rapid lateral flow immunochromatography (LFIC) test against a surrogate ELISA viral neutralization test (sVNT). This rapid test demonstrated a specificity of 1.000 95% CI (0.91–1.00) and the sensitivity of 0.987 95% CI (0.93–1.00). The negative predictive value was 95%. After six months, this rapid test demonstrated that those immunized with two doses of BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine, maintained optimal levels of neutralizing antibodies. We concluded that all Health Care Workers develop NAbs and the use of this rapid immunochromatographic test represents a potential tool to be used in population-based studies to detect serological antibody responses to vaccination. Vaccination policies could benefit from this tool to assess additional doses of vaccine or boosters among high-risk populations.This work was supported by an advisory contract from the University of Alicante with reference WENZHOU-OJABIO1-21T and no one reports personal fees received from the biotech company

Validation of the Amsterdam Pre-surgery Anxiety and Information Scale in Latino American women with breast cancer: Mexico – Costa Rica research

Surgery is the most frequent and efficient treatment for cancer, however, it is an invasive procedure that has been associated with psychological symptoms in up to 76% of patients. Health professional require specific and adapted tools to evaluate anxiety related to surgery, but there are few instruments to evaluate it. An option is the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS), which has been validated in multiple countries with patients undergoing different surgeries. Validations have shown APAIS has adequate psychometric properties. Aim: To obtain the reliability and validity of APAIS in the oncology population for the Latin American population. Method: Cross-sectional, non-experimental, psychometric analysis study that included a non-probabilistic sample of 117 women aged between 25 and 75 years, all patients have been diagnosed with breast cancer and have been scheduled for surgery in a public hospital in Mexico (57 women) or Costa Rica (63 women). Results: The six items of the APAIS Scale showed an adequate distribution of the responses of the participants among the response options, the ability to discriminate between extreme groups and contributed to the internal consistency of the instrument. The factor analysis of maximum likelihood with varimax rotation showed a structure that explained 58.58% of the variance with two factors, this structure was confirmed by a confirmatory factor analysis. The total scale showed an internal consistency of α = .816. This scale showed adequate sensitivity and specificity with a cut-off point of 14 points. Conclusions: The APAIS scale shows adequate psychometric properties to be considered valid and reliable to evaluate pre-surgical anxiety in patients with cancer

Crítica, periodismo y divulgación musical en espacios digitales

Mediante el presente proyecto se ha ofrecido formación en recursos y prácticas de crítica y periodismo musical, profundizando en la importancia de la divulgación en espacios digitales. Se trata de la continuación del anterior proyecto de innovación no 21 "Herramientas de comunicación y divulgación musical orientadas a la transferencia: entornos digitales 2.0". El nuevo proyecto se ha centrado en los ámbitos de la crítica y el periodismo, concretamente en la actualidad de la prensa escrita y la radio, así como ha tenido en cuenta el uso extendido de redes sociales y plataformas online en tareas de divulgación de contenidos. Dicha formación ha querido dar respuesta a la necesidad de que el profesorado y el alumnado en Musicología actualice y refuerce su conocimiento sobre los códigos, recursos, y entornos en los que se desarrollan estos campos, ya que se trata actualmente de uno de los ámbitos principales de proyección profesional de los egresados de Musicología, a través de la demanda de publicaciones digitales que requieren especialización en música, , radios - en las cuales la interacción con el usuario de internet es crucial-, e instituciones culturales y musicales que necesitan reseñas, crónicas, y breves escritos enfocados a sus espacios de difusión y promoción en internet. Se trata de un proyecto interfacultativo e interdepartamental ya que ha implicado a profesionales, docentes, investigadores y alumnado del Departamento de Musicología, el ICCMU (ambos de la Facultad de Geografía e Historia), y el Departamento de Periodismo y Nuevos medios (Facultad de Ciencias de la Información)