Capacitação acadêmica de alunos do ensino médio da Escola Rural Luz de la Esperanza a través da estratégia pedagógica integradora“Somos todos um”

The purpose of this article is to critically reflect on the benefits of the pedagogical and integrative strategy with a community approach called “We are all one”; which was thought of as a means to strengthen academic performance in three areas of knowledge in students of all secondary school grades (6th to 11th) of the rural school Luz de la Esperanza located in the municipality of Tona in the department of Santander in Colombia. The main objective of this proposal was the articulation of the actions developed by the educational community of this institution to facilitate the academic processes in a more effective way, optimizing the results of evaluation and school performance in the areas of Spanish language, mathematics, and English. The implementation of the proposal suggests the curricular redesign of the institution and the conscious and voluntary integration of the actors of the educational community for the benefit of the students since these shared practices promote their optimal academic performance.Este artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar críticamente sobre los beneficios de la estrategia pedagógica e integradora con enfoque comunitario denominada “Todos somos uno”; la cual se pensó como medio para fortalecer el rendimiento académico en tres áreas del conocimiento en los estudiantes de todos los grados de secundaria (6° a 11°) del colegio rural Luz de la Esperanza ubicado en el municipio de Tona en el departamento de Santander en Colombia. El objetivo principal de esta propuesta fue la articulación de las acciones desarrolladas por la comunidad educativa de dicha institución con el fin de facilitar los procesos académicos de manera más eficaz optimizando los resultados de evaluación y desempeño escolar en las áreas de lengua castellana, matemáticas e inglés. La implementación de la propuesta sugiere el rediseño curricular de la institución y a la integración consciente y voluntaria de los actores de la comunidad educativa para el beneficio de los estudiantes, puesto que estas prácticas compartidas fomentan el buen desempeño académico de los alumnos.Cet article a pour but de réfléchir de manière critique aux avantages de la stratégie pédagogique et intégrative avec une approche communautaire appelée "Nous sommes tous un" qui a été conçue comme un moyen de renforcer la performance académique dans trois domaines de connaissance chez les étudiants d\u27une école agricole officielle dans le département de Santander en Colombie. L\u27objectif principal de cette proposition était d\u27articuler les actions développées par l\u27institution éducative en collaboration avec les étudiants, les enseignants et les tuteurs afin de faciliter les processus académiques de manière plus efficace en optimisant les résultats de l\u27évaluation et les performances scolaires dans les domaines de la langue espagnole, des mathématiques et de l\u27anglais. La mise en œuvre de la proposition vise à la refonte du programme de l\u27établissement et à l\u27intégration consciente et volontaire des acteurs de la communauté académique au profit des étudiants, car certains facteurs tels que l\u27implication des parents encouragent les bons résultats scolaires des étudiants.Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir criticamente sobre os benefícios da estratégia pedagógica e integradora com enfoque comunitário denominada “Somos todos um”, que foi concebida como um meio de fortalecer o desempenho acadêmico em três áreas do conhecimento em alunos de todas as séries do ensino médio (6ª a 11ª) da escola rural Luz de la Esperanza, localizada no município de Tona, no departamento de Santander, na Colômbia. O principal objetivo dessa proposta foi a articulação das ações desenvolvidas pela comunidade educacional dessa instituição para facilitar os processos acadêmicos de forma mais eficaz, otimizando os resultados da avaliação e do desempenho escolar nas áreas de língua espanhola, matemática e inglês. A implementação da proposta sugere a reformulação curricular da instituição e a integração consciente e voluntária dos atores da comunidade educacional em benefício dos alunos, uma vez que essas práticas compartilhadas promovem o bom desempenho acadêmico dos alunos

COVID-19 outbreaks in a transmission control scenario: challenges posed by social and leisure activities, and for workers in vulnerable conditions, Spain, early summer 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 community-wide transmission declined in Spain by early May 2020, being replaced by outbreaks and sporadic cases. From mid-June to 2 August, excluding single household outbreaks, 673 outbreaks were notified nationally, 551 active (>6,200 cases) at the time. More than half of these outbreaks and cases coincided with: (i) social (family/friends’ gatherings or leisure venues) and (ii) occupational (mainly involving workers in vulnerable conditions) settings. Control measures were accordingly applied

Poor sleep quality may trigger cognitive deficits after recovery from COVID-19

ObjectiveIn the present study, we aimed to assess the cognition of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) participants in relation to their subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) and to analyse possible moderators of this effect, such as quality of life (European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions, EQ-5D), fatigue (Chadler Fatigue Questionnaire, CFQ), cognitive reserve (Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire, CRC), and subjective cognitive complaints (Memory Failures of Everyday Questionnaire, MFE-30).MethodsWe included 373 individuals with PCC and 126 healthy controls (HCs) from the NAUTILUS Project (NCT05307549 and NCT05307575) who were assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery and various questionnaires.ResultsWe found that PCC participants with poor sleep quality had a 4.3% greater risk of immediate verbal memory deficits than those with good sleep quality, as indicated by the greater odds ratio (OR) of 1.043 and confidence interval (CI) of 1.023–1.063. Additionally, their risk of immediate verbal memory disorders was multiplied by 2.4 when their EQ-5D score was low (OR 0.33; CI 0.145–0.748), and they had a lower risk of delayed visual memory deficits with a greater CRC (OR 0.963; CI 0.929–0.999). With respect to processing speed, PCC participants with poor sleep quality had a 6.7% greater risk of deficits as the MFE increased (OR 1.059; CI 1.024–1.096), and the risk of slowed processing speed tripled with a lower EQ-5D (OR 0.021; CI 0.003–0.141).ConclusionThese results indicate that poor subjective sleep quality is a potential trigger for cognitive deficits. Therapeutic strategies to maximize sleep quality could include reducing sleep disturbances and perhaps cognitive impairment in PCC individuals

Epidemiology of surgery associated acute kidney injury (EPIS-AKI): a prospective international observational multi-center clinical study

Purpose: The incidence, patient features, risk factors and outcomes of surgery-associated postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) across different countries and health care systems is unclear. Methods: We conducted an international prospective, observational, multi-center study in 30 countries in patients undergoing major surgery (> 2-h duration and postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) or high dependency unit admission). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of PO-AKI within 72 h of surgery defined by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Secondary endpoints included PO-AKI severity and duration, use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality, and ICU and hospital length of stay. Results: We studied 10,568 patients and 1945 (18.4%) developed PO-AKI (1236 (63.5%) KDIGO stage 1500 (25.7%) KDIGO stage 2209 (10.7%) KDIGO stage 3). In 33.8% PO-AKI was persistent, and 170/1945 (8.7%) of patients with PO-AKI received RRT in the ICU. Patients with PO-AKI had greater ICU (6.3% vs. 0.7%) and hospital (8.6% vs. 1.4%) mortality, and longer ICU (median 2 (Q1-Q3, 1-3) days vs. 3 (Q1-Q3, 1-6) days) and hospital length of stay (median 14 (Q1-Q3, 9-24) days vs. 10 (Q1-Q3, 7-17) days). Risk factors for PO-AKI included older age, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease), type, duration and urgency of surgery as well as intraoperative vasopressors, and aminoglycosides administration. Conclusion: In a comprehensive multinational study, approximately one in five patients develop PO-AKI after major surgery. Increasing severity of PO-AKI is associated with a progressive increase in adverse outcomes. Our findings indicate that PO-AKI represents a significant burden for health care worldwide

Perfil clínico de pacientes con síndrome de Guillain Barre en un hospital universitario en Colombia

Introduction: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is defined as progressive polyradiculoneuropathy characterized by the presence of flaccid paralysiswith symmetrical limb weakness associated with hyporeflexia or arreflexia. It is estimated that an incidence varies between 0.20-3.23 cases per 100,000 inhabitants around the world. Methods and design: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study. The study population was conformed by all the patients that entered a University Hospital of Colombia between 2012-2016. Patients younger than 13 years or who had an incomplete medical history were excluded. Results: A total of 55 patients were analyzed. The median age was 45 years and the median time toevolution was 5 days. Sixty percent of the patients were men. The presence of motor involvement, the initial distal involvement and the presence of decreased reflexes were present in more than 90% of the cases. There were no deaths in the hospital setting. Conclusion: The clinical characteristics found are similar to those described in the world literature. Despite the risk of ventilatory failure of these patients and the need for admission to an intensive care unit, no fatal cases were reported. The clinical presentation in this group of patients is typical, fulfilling Brighton diagnostic criteria in most cases with certainty level 1. Most patients are managed with immunoglobulin with good clinical response.Introducción: El síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) se define como una polirradiculoneuropatía progresiva caracterizada por la presencia de parálisis flácida con debilidad simétrica de extremidades asociado a hiporreflexia o arreflexia. Se estima una incidencia que varía entre 0,20-3,23 casos por 100.000 habitantes alrededor del mundo. Métodos y diseño: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal retrospectivo. La población de estudio estaba conformada por todos los pacientes que ingresaron a un Hospital Universitario de Colombia entre el período comprendido entre los años 2012-2016. Se excluyeron a los pacientes menores de 13 años o que tuvieran historia clínica incompleta. Resultados: Un total de 55 pacientes fueron analizados. La mediana de edad fue de 45 años y la Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation mediana de tiempo de evolución fue de 5 días. El 60% de los pacientes fueron hombres. La presencia de compromiso motor, el compromiso inicial distal y la presencia de disminución de reflejos estuvieron presentes en más del 90% de los casos. No se presentaron muertes en el ámbito intrahospitalario. Conclusión: Las características clínicas encontradas son similares a lo descrito en la literatura mundial. A pesar del riesgo de falla ventilatoria de estos pacientes y la necesidad de ingreso a unidad de cuidado intensivo, no se presentaron casos fatales. La presentación clínica en este grupo de pacientes es típica, cumpliendo criterios diagnósticos de Brighton en la mayoría de los casos con nivel de certeza 1. La mayoría de los pacientes son manejados con inmunoglobulina con buena respuesta clínica

Sleep quality in individuals with post-COVID-19 condition: Relation with emotional, cognitive and functional variables

The study aimed to assess sleep quality in PCC patients and its predictors by analysing its relationship with emotional, cognitive and functional variables, as well as possible differences based on COVID-19 severity. We included 368 individuals with PCC and 123 healthy controls (HCs) from the NAUTILUS Project (NCT05307549 and NCT05307575). We assessed sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9), global cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA), everyday memory failures (Memory Failures of Everyday Questionnaire, MFE-30), fatigue (Chadler Fatigue Questionnaire, CFQ), quality of life (European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions, EQ-5D), and physical activity levels (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ). 203 were nonhospitalized, 83 were hospitalized and 82 were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We found statistically significant differences in the PSQI total score between the PCC and HC groups (p < 0.0001), but there were no differences among the PCC groups. In the multiple linear regressions, the PHQ-9 score was a predictor of poor sleep quality for mild PCC patients (p = 0.003); GAD-7 (p = 0.032) and EQ-5D (p = 0.011) scores were predictors of poor sleep quality in the hospitalized PCC group; and GAD-7 (p = 0.045) and IPAQ (p = 0.005) scores were predictors of poor sleep quality in the group of ICU-PCC. These results indicate that worse sleep quality is related to higher levels of depression and anxiety, worse quality of life and less physical activity. Therapeutic strategies should focus on these factors to have a positive impact on the quality of sleep

Respuestas nacionales e internacionales al fenómeno de la corrupción. Particular atención al ámbito iberoamericano

El trabajo que con el título de “Respuestas nacionales e internacionales al fenómeno de la corrupción: particular atención al ámbito iberoamericano” nos presentan los profesores Olasolo, Buitrago Díaz, Mané y Sánchez Sarmiento, y que constituye el duodécimo volumen de la “Colección Perspectivas Iberoamericanas sobre la Justicia”, representa una aportación muy valiosa y actual al estudio de la corrupción, sus formas, su evolución, las características específicas que presenta en la región iberoamericana, y la respuesta institucional y legal desde la perspectiva jurídico-penal a ese fenómeno criminal que, cuando es organizado, como viene ocurriendo en los últimos años, desborda crecientemente la capacidad de los Estados. Los coordinadores de la publicación han sabido reunir a un grupo de especialistas de la región de un nivel excepcional, que partiendo de algunos casos paradigmáticos, repasan, país a país, las singularidades locales del fenómeno, al tiempo que subrayan las características comunes a los diferentes ámbitos territoriales, que nos permiten constar enseguida que se trata de una actividad criminal crecientemente organizada, transnacional y supraestatal. El estudio se completa con el análisis de algunas de las manifestaciones más graves de la corrupción, tales como la financiación ilegal de los partidos políticos, que cuestiona la legitimidad democrática y la representatividad de las instituciones públicas; cuestiona las directrices de la política criminal enderezada a combatir la corrupción; y anticipa el camino que en mayor o menor medida deberemos sin duda recorrer en los próximos años, abriendo el debate sobre el ámbito en el que posiblemente tendrá que articularse la respuesta a un fenómeno que, en sus manifestaciones más graves, ha desbordado notoriamente desde hace algunos años el añejo marco de la soberanía de los Estados: el derecho internacional penal

La desescalada de las medidas de mitigación contra el COVID-19 en España (mayo–junio 2020)

[EN] Introduction: The state of alarm was declared in Spain due to the COVID-19 epidemic on March 14, 2020, and established population confinement measures. The objective is to describe the process of lifting these mitigation measures. Methods: The Plan for the Transition to a New Normality, approved on April 28, contained four sequential phases with progressive increase in socio-economic activities and population mobility. In parallel, a new strategy for early diagnosis, surveillance and control was implemented. A bilateral decision mechanism was established between the Spanish Government and the autonomous communities (AC), guided by a set of qualitative and quantitative indicators capturing the epidemiological situation and core capacities. The territorial units were established ad-hoc and could be from Basic Health Zones to entire AC. Results: The process run from May 4 to June 21, 2020. AC implemented plans for reinforcement of core capacities. Incidence decreased from a median (50% of territories) of 7.4 per 100,000 in 7 days at the beginning to 2.5 at the end. Median PCR testing increased from 53% to 89% of suspected cases and PCR total capacity from 4.5 to 9.8 per 1000 inhabitants weekly; positivity rate decreased from 3.5% to 1.8%. Median proportion of cases with traced contacts increased from 82% to 100%. Conclusion: Systematic data collection, analysis, and interterritorial dialogue allowed adequate process control. The epidemiological situation improved but, mostly, the process entailed a great reinforcement of core response capacities nation-wide, under common criteria. Maintaining and further reinforcing capacities remained crucial for responding to future waves. [ES] Introducción: El 14 de marzo de 2020 España declaró el estado de alarma por la pandemia por COVID-19 incluyendo medidas de confinamiento. El objetivo es describir el proceso de desescalada de estas medidas. Métodos: Un plan de transición hacia una nueva normalidad, del 28 de abril, incluía 4 fases secuenciales incrementando progresivamente las actividades socioeconómicas y la movilidad. Concomitantemente, se implementó una nueva estrategia de diagnóstico precoz, vigilancia y control. Se estableció un mecanismo de decisión bilateral entre Gobierno central y comunidades autónomas (CCAA), guiado por un panel de indicadores cualitativos y cuantitativos de la situación epidemiológica y las capacidades básicas. Las unidades territoriales evaluadas comprendían desde zonas básicas de salud hasta CCAA. Resultados: El proceso se extendió del 4 de mayo al 21 de junio y se asoció a planes de refuerzo de las capacidades en las CCAA. La incidencia disminuyó de una mediana inicial de 7,4 por 100.000 en 7 días a 2,5 al final del proceso. La mediana de pruebas PCR aumentó del 53% al 89% de los casos sospechosos, y la capacidad total de 4,5 a 9,8 pruebas semanales por 1.000 habitantes; la positividad disminuyó del 3,5% al 1,8%. La mediana de casos con contactos trazados aumentó del 82% al 100%. Conclusión: La recogida y análisis sistemático de información y el diálogo interterritorial logaron un adecuado control del proceso. La situación epidemiológica mejoró, pero sobre todo, se aumentaron las capacidades, en todo el país y con criterios comunes, cuyo mantenimiento y refuerzo fue clave en olas sucesivas.S

Posters del II Coloquio Unadista en Educación a Distancia y Virtual. Calidad Educativa en la UNAD

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