Fatores associados aos distúrbios musculoesqueléticos em trabalhadoras de enfermagem

This cross-sectional study identified factors associated to musculoskeletal disorders in nursing auxiliaries and technicians in Salvador - Bahia. Three hundred and eight randomly selected female workers answered a questionnaire administered by an interviewer, with questions related to physical and psychosocial demands at work, individual characteristics and activities outside work. Multivariate analysis revealed that musculoskeletal disorders in neck, shoulder or upper back and musculoskeletal disorders in low back are associated to physical demand (material handling, poor back posture and work repetitiveness), psychosocial demand and precarious physical fitness. Musculoskeletal disorders in distal upper extremities are associated to physical demands (repetitiveness and force) and years of work (>; 19). The results appoint the need for intervention strategies, incorporating both the organizational aspects of work and adaptations in the physical environment and in the characteristics of tasks.Este estudio de corte transversal identificó factores asociados a los disturbios músculo-esqueléticos en auxiliares y técnicas de enfermería en Salvador-BA. Trescientas y ocho trabajadoras, seleccionadas aleatoriamente, respondieron un cuestionario aplicado por un entrevistador, con preguntas sobre demandas físicas y psicosociales en el trabajo, características individuales y actividades extra-laborales. El análisis multivariado reveló disturbios músculo-esqueléticos en pescuezo, hombro o parte alta del dorso y disturbios músculo-esqueléticos en la región lumbar, que se asocian a la demanda física (manoseo de carga, postura inadecuada del tronco y gestos repetitivos), demanda psicosocial y acondicionamiento físico precario. Los disturbios músculo-esqueléticos en extremidades superiores distales se asocian con la demanda física (repetitividad y fuerza) y años de trabajo (>; 19). Los resultados apuntan para la necesidad de presentar estrategias de intervención que incorporen tanto los aspectos organizacionales del trabajo así como las adecuaciones en el ambiente físico y en las características de las tareas.Este é um estudo de corte transversal, objetivando identificar fatores associados aos distúrbios musculoesqueléticos em auxiliares e técnicas de enfermagem, em Salvador, BA. Trezentas e oito trabalhadoras, selecionadas aleatoriamente, responderam questionário aplicado por entrevistador, com questões sobre demandas físicas e psicossociais no trabalho, características individuais e atividades extralaborais. Análise multivariada revelou que distúrbios musculoesqueléticos em pescoço, ombro ou parte alta do dorso e distúrbios musculoesqueléticos em região lombar associam-se à demanda física (manuseio de carga, postura inadequada do tronco e gestos repetitivos), demanda psicossocial e condicionamento físico precário. Distúrbios musculoesqueléticos em extremidades superiores distais associam-se à demanda física (repetitividade e força) e anos de trabalho (>;19). Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de estratégias de intervenção incorporando tanto os aspectos organizacionais do trabalho bem como adequações no ambiente físico e características das tarefas

O impacto do uso de máscaras faciais na compreensão de emoções em crianças e adolescentes: desafios e estratégias para a comunicação e interação social

Introdução: A pandemia de COVID-19 levou ao uso generalizado de máscaras faciais, gerando preocupações sobre seu impacto nas habilidades sociais e emocionais de crianças e adolescentes. Desenvolvimento: Foi conduzida uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com busca de artigos nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO. Foram selecionados estudos experimentais, revisões sistemáticas e transversais. Estudos apontaram que o uso de máscaras pode limitar a compreensão de expressões emocionais, ao ocultar informações relevantes da face. Além disso, o uso contínuo de máscaras pode afetar a saúde mental, gerando estresse e ansiedade nessa faixa etária. No entanto, as crianças e adolescentes têm demonstrado resiliência em adaptar-se a essa nova realidade. Estratégias que enfatizem a comunicação não verbal e criem ambientes empáticos são cruciais para auxiliá-los a superar essas dificuldades. Conclusão: O uso de máscaras faciais impactou a compreensão emocional e a saúde mental de crianças e adolescentes. Estratégias que promovam a comunicação não verbal e ambientes empáticos são fundamentais para apoiar seu bem-estar emocional. Ainda que haja escassez de estudos robustos, a análise dos artigos selecionados fornece valiosos insights para orientar futuras pesquisas e intervenções, visando apoiar crianças e adolescentes nesse cenário de transformações sociais e comportamentais significativas

Exposure to trauma-relevant pictures is associated with tachycardia in victims who had experienced an intense peritraumatic defensive response : the tonic immobility.

Tonic immobility is an involuntary, last-ditch defensive reaction characterized by physical inactivity in a context of inescapable threat that has been described in many species, including humans. The occurrence of this defensive response is a predictor of the severity of psychiatric disorders and may be considered as an index of an intense reaction to a traumatic event. Here, we investigated whether the retrospective reports of peritraumatic tonic immobility reaction in participants exposed to a traumatic event would modify their cardiac responses to pictures related to their trauma. Using a questionnaire of life-threating events, we selected students who experienced violent crime as their most intense trauma and students who had never experienced a violent crime trauma, but experienced other traumatic events. All participants completed a questionnaire that estimated the intensity of tonic immobility during their most intense trauma. Electrocardiographic recordings were collected during exposure to pictures. Participants viewed emotional pictures (human attack with guns) and neutral pictures. These emotional stimuli were selected to be trauma-relevant to the violent crime group and non trauma-relevant to the no violent crime trauma group. Violent crime group showed a positive correlation between heart rate changes after viewing trauma-related pictures and tonic immobility scores. We observed that low tonic immobility scores were associated with bradycardia and high scores with tachycardia in response to trauma-relevant pictures. For the no violent crime group, no significant correlation was detected. These results suggest that the relevance of the stimuli and the magnitude of the defensive response during a previous trauma event were important factors triggering more intense defensive responses

Ruminant fat intake improves gut microbiota, serum inflammatory parameter and fatty acid profile in tissues of Wistar rats

Research Areas: Science & Technology - Other TopicsThis study tested the hypothesis that naturally and industrially produced trans-fatty acids can exert distinct efects on metabolic parameters and on gut microbiota of rats. Wistar rats were randomized into three groups according to the diet: CONT-control, with 5% soybean oil and normal amount of fat; HVF-20% of hydrogenated vegetable fat (industrial); and RUM-20% of ruminant fat (natural). After 53 days of treatment, serum biochemical markers, fatty acid composition of liver, heart and adipose tissue, histology and hepatic oxidative parameters, as well as gut microbiota composition were evaluated. HVF diet intake reduced triglycerides (≈ 39.39%) and VLDL levels (≈ 39.49%). Transfatty acids levels in all tissue were higher in HVF group. However, RUM diet intake elevated amounts of anti-infammatory cytokine IL-10 (≈ 14.7%) compared to CONT, but not to HVF. Furthermore, RUM intake led to higher concentrations of stearic acid and conjugated linoleic acid in all tissue; this particular diet was associated with a hepatoprotective efect. The microbial gut communities were signifcantly diferent among the groups. Our results show that ruminant fat reversed the hepatic steatosis normally caused by high fat diets, which may be related to the remodelling of the gut microbiota and its anti-infammatory potential.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Educomunicação, Transformação Social e Desenvolvimento Sustentável

Esta publicação apresenta os principais trabalhos dos GTs do II Congresso Internacional de Comunicação e Educação nos temas Transformação social, com os artigos que abordam principalmente Educomunicação e/ou Mídia-Educação, no contexto de políticas de diversidade, inclusão e equidade; e, em Desenvolvimento Sustentável os artigos que abordam os avanços da relação comunicação/educação no contexto da educação ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável

Studies of the mass composition of cosmic rays and proton-proton interaction cross-sections at ultra-high energies with the Pierre Auger Observatory

In this work, we present an estimate of the cosmic-ray mass composition from the distributions of the depth of the shower maximum (Xmax) measured by the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. We discuss the sensitivity of the mass composition measurements to the uncertainties in the properties of the hadronic interactions, particularly in the predictions of the particle interaction cross-sections. For this purpose, we adjust the fractions of cosmic-ray mass groups to fit the data with Xmax distributions from air shower simulations. We modify the proton-proton cross-sections at ultra-high energies, and the corresponding air shower simulations with rescaled nucleus-air cross-sections are obtained via Glauber theory. We compare the energy-dependent composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays obtained for the different extrapolations of the proton-proton cross-sections from low-energy accelerator data

Study of downward Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The surface detector (SD) of the Pierre Auger Observatory, consisting of 1660 water-Cherenkov detectors (WCDs), covers 3000 km2 in the Argentinian pampa. Thanks to the high efficiency of WCDs in detecting gamma rays, it represents a unique instrument for studying downward Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) over a large area. Peculiar events, likely related to downward TGFs, were detected at the Auger Observatory. Their experimental signature and time evolution are very different from those of a shower produced by an ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray. They happen in coincidence with low thunderclouds and lightning, and their large deposited energy at the ground is compatible with that of a standard downward TGF with the source a few kilometers above the ground. A new trigger algorithm to increase the TGF-like event statistics was installed in the whole array. The study of the performance of the new trigger system during the lightning season is ongoing and will provide a handle to develop improved algorithms to implement in the Auger upgraded electronic boards. The available data sample, even if small, can give important clues about the TGF production models, in particular, the shape of WCD signals. Moreover, the SD allows us to observe more than one point in the TGF beam, providing information on the emission angle

Investigating multiple elves and halos above strong lightning with the fluorescence detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory

ELVES are being studied since 2013 with the twenty-four FD Telescopes of the Pierre Auger Observatory, in the province of Mendoza (Argentina), the world’s largest facility for the study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. This study exploits a dedicated trigger and extended readout. Since December 2020, this trigger has been extended to the three High levation Auger Telescopes (HEAT), which observe the night sky at elevation angles between 30 and 60 degrees, allowing a study of ELVES from closer lightning. The high time resolution of the Auger telescopes allows us to upgrade reconstruction algorithms and to do detailed studies on multiple ELVES. The origin of multiple elves can be studied by analyzing the time difference and the amplitude ratio between flashes and comparing them with the properties of radio signals detected by the ENTLN lightning network since 2018. A fraction of multi-ELVES can also be interpreted as halos following ELVES. Halos are disc-shaped light transients emitted at 70-80 km altitudes, appearing at the center of the ELVES rings, due to the rearrangement of electric charges at the base of the ionosphere after a strong lightning event