The impact of plant plyphenols on platelet activation and their aggregation with endothelial, blood and malignant cels

Trombociti imaju važnu ulogu u patogenezi kardiovaskularnih i malignih bolesti. Uticaj biološki aktivnih sastojaka namirnica na aktivaciju trombocita i njihovu heterotipsku agregaciju predstavlja jedan od potencijalnih mehanizama njihove uloge u prevenciji hroničnih bolesti i promociji zdravlja. Rezultati interventnih dijetarnih studija potvrđuju uticaj polifenola na funkciju trombocita. Protočna citometrija predstavlja jednu od najoptimalnijih metoda ispitivanja uticaja dijetarnih sastojaka na trombocite. Osnovni cilj doktorske disertacije je ispitivanje uticaja biljaka koje sadrže polifenole na aktivaciju trombocita i njihovu agregaciju sa leukocitima, u in vitro eksperimentalnim uslovima, kao i nakon konzumacije namirnica biljnog porekla, koje predstavljaju dijetarni izvor polifenola. Primenom protočne citometrije pokazano je da u in vitro eksperimentalnim uslovima svi ispitivani ekstrakti (ekstrakt koprive, mirođije, šarplaninskog čaja, kelja, nara, japanske jabuke i aronije) pokazuju efekte su na neki od analiziranih parametara aktivacije trombocita i njihove agregacije sa monocitima i neutrofilima, kod zdravih ispitanika ili ispitanika sa metaboličkim sindromom. Na najveći broj parametara delovali su ekstrakti kelja i mirođije, a u tom smislu najmanje izraženo delovanje pokazao je ekstrakt nara. Ispitivanjem delovanja metabolita pokazano je da svi ispitivani metaboliti: kvercetin-3-glukuronid, 3’-metil-kvercetin-3-glukuronid, kvercetin-3’-sulfat i sulforafan-cistein-glicin pokazuju efekte na neki od parametara aktivacije trombocita i njihove agregacije sa monocitima i neutrofilima, kod zdravih ispitanika ili ispitanika sa metaboličkim sindromom. Sulforafan-cistein-glicin delovao je na veći broj parametara u odnosu na metabolite kvercetina. Delovanje 3’-metil-kvercetin-3-glukuronida bilo je izraženije u odnosu na delovanje ostalih metabolita kvercetina. Nakon ispitivanja delovanja jednokratne konzumacije namirnica koje predstavljaju dijetarni izvor polifenola pokazano je da konzumacija soka od aronije kod zdravih ispitanika dovodi do smanjenja aktivacije trombocita i to smanjenjem procenta Pselektin- pozitivnih trombocita u bazalnim uslovima, kao i smanjenjem procenta i gustine ovog adhezionog receptora nakon ex vivo delovanja adenozin-difosfata i arahidonske kiseline kao agonista...Platelets have an important role in the pathogenesis of the cardiovascular and malignant diseases. The impact of bioactive dietary compounds on platelet activation and their aggregation with leukocytes is one of the potential mechanisms of their role in health promotion and the prevention of chronic diseases. The results of dietary intervention studies confirm the effect of polyphenols on platelet function. Flow cytometry is considered to be one of the most advantageous methods in investigation of dietary compounds effects on platelets. The main aim of this study was the evaluation of potential effects of polyphenol - rich plants on platelets activation and their aggregation with leukocytes, in in vitro experimental setting and after the consumption of plant foods, as dietary sources of polyphenols. All investigated plant extracts (extracts of nettle, dill, mountain tea, kale, pomegranate, persimmon and chokeberry) affected some of the analyzed parameters of platelets activation and their aggregation with monocytes and neutrophils, in healthy subjects or subjects with metabolic syndrome The most effective were kale and dill extracts, influencing most of the parameters evaluated by flow cytometry, while the least effective was pomegranate extract. All investigated metabolites: quercetin - 3 - glucuronide, 3' - methyl - quercetin - 3 - glucuronide, quercetin - 3' - sulfate and sulforaphane - cysteine - glycine have shown the effects on some parameters of platelet activation and their aggregation with monocytes and neutrophils, in healthy subjects or subjects with metabolic syndrome. The most effective was sulforaphane - cysteine - glycine, influencing most of the analyzed parameters . 3' - methyl - quercetin - 3 - glucuronide showed more pronounced effects compared to the effects of other metabolites of quercetin. Dietary intervention studies investigating the effects of single consumption of plant-based foods as dietary sources of polyphenols have shown that consumption of chokeberry juice beneficially influenced platelet activation status by reducing the percentage of P - selectin - positive platelets under basal conditions, as well as reducing he percentage and density of P - selectin after ex vivo agonistic action of adenosine diphosphate and arachidonic acid..

Proliferation capacity and p53 expression of HTB140 cells after proton irradiation

Human HTB140 melanoma cells were used to investigate different responses to single irradiation with protons, regarding cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis and expression of p53. Exponentially growing cells were irradiated close to the Bragg peak maximum of the unmodulated 62 MeV proton beam. Doses applied ranged from 8 to 24 Gy at the dose rate of 15 Gy/min. Cell proliferation, measured 6 and 48 h postirradiation, has shown highly significant dose and time dependent decrease. Protons induced apoptosis, 6 and 48 h after irradiation, decreasing with the increase of postirradiation incubation time. The largest number of apoptotic cells was at 6 h after irradiation with 16 Gy protons. High level of p53 expression was detected in all irradiated samples, as well as in controls and was independent of dose applied and postirradiation incubation time.Physical chemistry 2006 : 8th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 26-29 September 200

Probiotici, prebiotici i sinbiotici

There has been increasing interest in the preventive and therapeutic uses of prebiotics, probiotics and sinbiotics as their combinations. Their health-promoting and therapeutic properties have been shown in numerous clinical studies and investigations. For that reason and because of the long history of their use they are increasingly accepted by the consumers, especially in the form of food. This article reviews the most frequently used probiotics and prebiotics, the proposed mechanisms and beneficial effects and different criteria in the process of selection and use as simbiotics. Future research should be focused on clinical trials investigating all potential effects, definition of appropriate methods for their selection, investigation of potential micro organisms and agents with positive effects on gut health, issues regarding safety, dosing, mechanisms and appropriate application.Interesovanje za probiotike, prebiotike i njihove kombinacije (sinbiotike) povećava se iz dana u dan. Brojni pozitivni efekti na ljudsko zdravlje potvrđeni su velikim brojem eksperimenata i kliničkih ispitivanja. Zahvaljujući tome, ali i činjenici da u osnovi imaju dugu istoriju primene, oni su sve više prihvaćeni od strane potrošača, i prevazilaze granice komplementarne medicine, zauzimajući značajno mesto kako u promociji zdravlja i prevenciji bolesti, tako i u terapiji simptoma pojedinih bolesti. U ovom radu predstavljeni su najčešće korišćeni probiotici i prebiotici, osnovni mehanizminjihovog delovanja, potvrđeni i predloženi efekti u preventivi i terapiji pojedinih bolesti, kao i kriterijumi u njihovoj selekciji. Buduća istraživanja u ovoj oblasti pre svega obuhvataju veći broj kliničkih studija i istraživanja, razvoj metoda za procenu efikasnosti i selekciju optimalnih kandidata, tehnološka usavršavanja proizvodnje kao i ispitivanja bezbednosti, optimalne doze i primerene upotrebe ovih agenasa

Rezidualni sumpor-dioksid u uzorcima suvog voća sa beogradskog tržišta

Sulphiting agents have been used in food production for centuries. Sulphites are added to food as antimicrobial, antibrowning agents or antioxidants. Their use became an issue of concern when certain sensitive individuals exhibited adverse reactions to sulphite residues in foods. Sulphites also exert a number of different anti-nutritive effects. Like other ingredients, sulfites must be declared in the ingredient statement. Among all sulphite-containing foods, the highest contributors to the dietary intake are dried fruits and wine. The aim of this work was to determine residual levels of total sulphur dioxide in dried fruit samples in order to examine the risk of exceeding the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for sulphites by consuming this type of food. The other scope of the study was to investigate compliance with food labeling in order to insure consumer protection. The determination was performed on all samples by colorimetric para-rosaniline method, according to the official method of analysis of AOAC 963.20 (AOAC 2002).Twelve different samples of dried fruit were analyzed. Results showed that dried fruit is very rich source of sulphites. The range of residual sulphur-dioxide was very large, from nondetectable levels (in three samples) to 1847.3 mgSO2/kg. In ten of twelve samples SO2 levels were under national Maximum Permitted Level (MPL). SO2 content was above MPL in dried bananas sample and dried sweet coconut. Just eight of twelve fruit samples had label declarations of sulfite content but the determined levels of sulfites were significantly above the declared levels.Sulfiti se u različitim hemijskim formama koriste vekovima kao aditivi u proizvodnji hrane. Oni imaju antimikrobno delovanje, koriste se za sprečavanje enzimskog i neenzimskog tamnjenja namirnica i kao antioksidansi. Mogu se javiti i kao prirodni sastojci namirnica. Primenu sulfita kao aditiva ograničava činjenica da konzumiranje hrane koja sadrži sulfite kod određenog broja astmatičara dovodi do pogoršanja simptoma. Veliki broj namirnica sadrži sulfite, ali se smatra da najveći doprinos dnevnom unosu daju vino i suvo voće. Cilj ovog rada je određivanje rezidualnog sumpor-dioksida u uzorcima suvog voća sa beogradskog tržišta. Određivanje je urađeno oficijelnom kolorimetrijskom metodom sa p-rozanilin hidrohloridom AOAC 963.20 (AOAC 2002). Rezultati su pokazali da je suvo voće značajan izvor sulfita i nivo rezidualnog sulfita se kretao od nedektibilnih vrednosti do 1847.3 mg SO2/kg. U dva od analiziranih dvanaest uzoraka, nivo rezidualnog sumpor-dioksida prevazilazio je propisane MDK vrednosti za ove vrste uzoraka. Osam uzoraka suvog voća je imalo deklarisan sadržaj SO2 ali su nadene vrednosti bile znatno veće od deklarisanih. S obzirom na redovnu upotrebu sulfita u proizvodnji suvog voća, može se zaključiti da je neophodno da proizvođači hrane, posebno prerađevina od voća, imaju razvijen sistem kontrole nivoa sulfita u proizvodima koji ce se naći na tržištu kao i obavezu da u saglasnosti sa važećim propisima, prisustvo sulfita bude deklarisano

Effects of short time exposure of HTB140 melanoma cells to fotemustine and dacarbazine

Different experimental set-ups were designed to study cytotoxic and cytoststic effects on HTB140 melanoma cells after 1 h treatment with fotemustine (FM) or dacarbazine (DTIC). FM induced dose dependent cell inactivation, boosted by its toxicity, particularly for higher doses. DTIC treatment for 1 h was insufficient to provoke almost any effect on melanoma cells. Good correlation between viability and proliferation assays applied was detected for both drugs.Physical chemistry 2006 : 8th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 26-29 September 200

A model for cross-referencing and calculating similarity of metal alloys

This paper presents an innovative model for the comparison and crossreferencing of metal alloys, in order to determine their interchangeability in engineering, manufacturing and material sourcing. The model uses a large alloy database and statistical approach to estimate missing composition and mechanical properties parameters and to calculate property intervals. A classification of metals and fuzzy logic are then applied to compare metal alloys. The model and its algorithm have been implemented and tested in real-life applications. In this paper, an application of the model in finding unknown equivalent metals by comparing their compositions and mechanical properties in a very large metals database is described, and possibilities for further research and new applications are presented

Changes of c-myc expression in b16 melanoma cells induced by 8-chloroadenosine-3′, 5′-monophosphate and tiazofurin

The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of 8- chloroadenosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate (8-Cl-cAMP) and tiazofurin (TR) on the expression of c-myc gene in B16/F10 and B16/C3 mouse melanoma cells. Exponentially growing cells were treated with 8-Cl-cAMP or TR (5µmol - 25µmol) for 6h and 24h. The level of c-myc expression, estimated by RT-PCR, did not significantly change in B16/F10 cells after treatment with 8-Cl-cAMP or TR. Similar results were obtained in B16/C3 cells after treatment with 8-Cl-cAMP. The level of c-myc expression has shown a significant increase in B16/C3 cells after treatment with TR. Further studies of these agents will lead to better understanding of molecular mechanisms of their action.Physical chemistry 2004 : 7th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 21-23 September 200

The influence of nutrition and lifestyles on bone health in patients with schizophrenia and depression

© 2020, Serbian Medical Society. All rights reserved. Objective. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of nutrition and pattern behaviors on bone health in people with mental health disorders. Methods. A cross-sectional study has been conducted at the Clinic for Psychiatry of the Clinical Center of Kragujevac and at the Department of Neuropsychiatry of the Specialist-Consultative Service of Health Care Center Kragujevac. The survey included 46 patients from the age of 22 to 81, both genders, with schizophrenia as a diagnosis for mental disorders and depression determined by a psychiatrist. Quantitative testing of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium has been performed by standard biochemical methods. Vitamin D has been determined by high performance/pressure liquid chromatography i.e. by a liquid chromatography under high pressure. Results. In the whole group of patients tested, 58.7% of patients were physically active and the patients with schizophrenia (p = 0.026) were less physically active. Out of the total number, 67% of patients eat irregularly and this habit is more present in patients with schizophrenia (p = 0.003). In terms of the presence of certain nutrients, fish is more represented in the nutrition of people suffering from depression. Three patients (6.5%) reported osteoporosis in their medical history, one of whom had a spontaneous fracture. In the anamneses (6.5%) of the patients stated that their parents had had spontaneous bone fractures. Low values of 25 (OH) D in the serum were present in both study groups. Conclusion. Unhealthy lifestyles, low level of Vitamin D found in people who have mental health disorders represent risk factors for the reduced bone mass. The results of our research indicate the need for timely identification of potential risk factors and improvement of prevention in order to raise awareness of the importance of healthy lifestyles and behavior modification

Liver disease and COVID-19: The link with oxidative stress, antioxidants and nutrition

Varying degrees of liver injuries have been reported in patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In general, oxidative stress is actively involved in initiation and progression of liver damage. The liver metabolizes various compounds that produce free radicals. Maintaining the oxidative/antioxidative balance is important in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Antioxidant vitamins, essential trace elements and food compounds, such as polyphenols, appear to be promising agents, with effects in oxidative burst. Deficiency of these nutrients suppresses immune function and increases susceptibility to COVID-19. Daily micronutrient intake is necessary to support anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects but for immune function may be higher than current recommended dietary intake. Antioxidant supplements (βcarotene, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, and selenium) could have a potential role in patients with liver damage. Available evidence suggests that supplementing the diet with a combination of micronutrients may help to optimize immune function and reduce the risk of infection. Clinical trials based on the associations of diet and SARS-CoV-2 infection are lacking. Unfortunately, it is not possible to definitively determine the dose, route of administration and best timing to intervene with antioxidants in COVID-19 patients because clinical trials are still ongoing. Until then, hopefully, this review will enable clinicians to understand the impact of micronutrient dietary intake and liver status assessment in COVID-19 patients

Sensitivity of HTB140 cell exposed to protons and alkylating agents

Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis due to resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy regimens. The mainstay of treatment remains DNA-alkylatingagent dacarbazine (DTIC). Fotemustine (FM), chloroethylnitrosourea agent, also has demonstrated significant antitumoral effects in malignantmelanoma. However, the resistance of melanoma cells limits their clinical application. In order to enhance the inhibition of melanoma cell growth, in this study, combined treatment of FM and DTIC with proton irradiation, was investigated. We analyzed the effects of combined treatment on HTB140 melanoma cell viability and proliferation. Significant inhibition of cell growth, especially cell proliferation, was obtained after treatment with protons and FM compare to single irradiation or drug treatment. Treatment with protons and DTIC has shown improved growth inhibition compare to appropriate single drug treatment, but not compare to irradiation as a single treatment.Physical chemistry 2006 : 8th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 26-29 September 200