High Precision Astrometric Millimeter VLBI Using a New Method for Atmospheric Calibration

We describe a new method which achieves high precision Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) astrometry in observations at millimeter wavelengths. It combines fast frequency-switching observations, to correct for the dominant non-dispersive tropospheric fluctuations, with slow source-switching observations, for the remaining ionospheric dispersive terms. We call this method Source-Frequency Phase Referencing. Provided that the switching cycles match the properties of the propagation media, one can recover the source astrometry. We present an analytic description of the two-step calibration strategy, along with an error analysis to characterize its performance. Also, we provide observational demonstrations of a successful application with observations using the Very Long Baseline Array at 86 GHz of the pairs of sources 3C274 & 3C273 and 1308+326 & 1308+328, under various conditions. We conclude that this method is widely applicable to millimeter VLBI observations of many target sources, and unique in providing bona-fide astrometrically registered images and high precision relative astrometric measurements in mm-VLBI using existing and newly built instruments.Comment: Astronomical Journal, accepted for publicatio

Growth, Welfare, and Public Infrastructure: A General Equilibrium Analysis of Latin American Economies

Empirical studies have found infrastructure investment important for a country¡¯s economic performance, but have not provided clear guidelines for infrastructure policy or its effects on other macroeconomic variables. This paper develops a general equilibrium model of a small open economy to study the effects of public infrastructure on output, private investment and welfare. The model is parameterized and solved for three Latin American countries: Brazil, Mexico, and Peru. Results show that infrastructure can have positive effects on output, private investment and welfare. However, raising public infrastructure investment past a certain threshold can be detrimental. All three countries are shown to have under-invested in infrastructure in the 1970s and 1980s. The gains from optimal infrastructure policy are greatest for Peru, the country with lowest infrastructure expenditure.

Financial Development and the Distribution of Income in Latin America and the Caribbean

One of the central concerns in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has been the reduction of poverty and inequality so prevalent in the continent. Using large world samples, the literature has found that financial development increases economic growth, increases the income of the poor, and reduces inequality. This paper studies the effects of financial development on the whole distribution of income in LAC. We find that the income of the poorest quintile has not been affected by expansion in the financial system. However, we do find that financial development has had a disproportionate positive effect on the incomes of the second, third and fourth quintiles. We also find some evidence for the Greenwood-Jovanovic (1991) hypothesis that this positive effect only begins after a country crosses a certain economic development threshold.distribution of income, financial development, inequality

The Demographics of Georgia IV: Hispanic Immigration Economic Policy Issues - Brief

This report analyzes the economic policy issues in education, health care, the labor market, financial services and the fiscal impact arising from the large increase in Hispanic immigration in Georgia. FRC Brief 12

ENGLISH-SPANISH TRANSLATIONS OF NARRATIVE TEXTS UNDER FRANCO. FINDINGS FROM CORPUS TRACEni (1962-1969)

[EN] The paper explores the most relevant conclusions obtained after a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the corpus 0 TRACEni (1962-1969)(TRAducciones CEnsuradas narrativa inglés), which at present contains 9090 entries of English narrative texts translated into Castilian Spanish and published under those years. The aim of this paper is to examine the most relevant results from the initial Corpus TRACEni, obtained after a quantitative and qualitative analysis, with no recourse to the books themselves, with the ultimate purpose of exploiting some of those texts in the foreseeable future. The study of paratextual information of the translated texts into Castilian from 1962-1969 might give us an overview of the kind of literature that was imported in the country, undoubtedly affected as any other artistic productions by the constraint of official censorship.Rioja, M. (2010). ENGLISH-SPANISH TRANSLATIONS OF NARRATIVE TEXTS UNDER FRANCO. FINDINGS FROM CORPUS TRACEni (1962-1969). Revista de Lingüística y Lenguas Aplicadas. 5:177-194. doi:10.4995/rlyla.2010.768SWORD177194

Física y teoría del conocimiento.

Sin resume

The Demographics of Georgia IV: Hispanic Immigration Economic Policy Issues

This report analyzes the economic policy issues in education, health care, the labor market, financial services and the fiscal impact arising from the large increase in Hispanic immigration in Georgia. FRC Report 12