MENILAI PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA 1 JAM, 6 JAM, DAN 12 JAM PASCA TRANSFUSI DARAH PADA PASIEN TALASEMIA DI RSUD DR.ZAINOEL ABIDIN BANDA ACEH

Talasemia adalah kelainan darah bawaan yang ditandai oleh berkurangnya produksi satu atau lebih rantai globin. Pasien talasemia mengalami kekurangan hemoglobin sehat yang dibutuhkan tubuh untuk dapat teroksigenasi dengan baik. Transfusi darah merupakan tatalaksana utama pasien talasemia. Pemeriksaan kadar hemoglobin setelah transfusi merupakan pemeriksaan yang lazim, hanya saja sampai saat ini belum ada keseragaman waktu yang pasti untuk melakukan pemeriksaan tersebut, sehingga akan merugikan pasien dan menambah lamanya pasien di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai peningkatan kadar haemoglobin pada 1 jam, 6 jam, dan 12 jam pasca transfusi darah pada pasien talasemia di RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memeriksa kadar haemoglobin pasien talasemia setelah 1 jam, 6 jam, dan 12 jam pasca transfusi pada pasien usia 1-18 tahun dan sesuai kriteria inklusi. Analisa statistik yang digunakan adalah uji paired t test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 20 orang laki-laki dan 20 orang perempuan dan terbanyak pada kelompok umur 10-13 (35%), dengan nilai rata-rata kadar hemoglobin pada saat masuk sebesar 7,38 g/dL (95% CI). Pada 1 jam pasca transfusi, rata-rata kadar Hb pada pasien meningkat 8,97 g/dL (8,59-9,35 g/dL), pada 6 jam pasca transfusi, 8,95 g/dL (8,57-9,32 g/dL), pada 12 jam pasca transfusi meningkat sebesar 9,60 g/dL (9,17-10,03 g/dL). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan kadar Hb secara signifikan terjadi pada 1 jam dan 12 jam pasca transfusi darah

Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dengue virus infection among inhabitants of Aceh, Indonesia: A cross-sectional study

Background: The Indonesian region of Aceh was the area most severely affected by the earthquake and tsunami of 26 December 2004. Department of Health data reveal an upward trend of dengue cases in Aceh since the events of the tsunami. Despite the increasing incidence of dengue in the region, there is limited understanding of dengue among the general population of Aceh. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding dengue among the people of Aceh, Indonesia in order to design intervention strategies for an effective dengue prevention program. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Aceh between November 2014 and March 2015 with a total of 609 participants living in seven regencies and two municipalities. Information on the socio-demographic characteristics of participants and their KAP regarding dengue was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. The KAP status (good vs. poor) of participants with different socio-demographic characteristics was compared using Chi Square-test, ANOVA or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of each KAP domain. Results: We found that 45% of participants had good knowledge regarding dengue and only 32% had good attitudes and good dengue preventive practices. There was a significant positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes, knowledge and practice, and attitudes and practice. In addition, people who had good knowledge were 2.7 times more likely to have good attitudes, and people who had good attitudes were 2.2 times more likely to have good practices regarding dengue. The level of education, occupation, marital status, monthly income, socioeconomic status (SES) and living in the city were associated with the knowledge level. Occupation, SES, and having experienced dengue fever were associated with attitudes. Education, occupation, SES and type of residence were associated with preventive practices. Conclusion: Our study suggests that dengue prevention programs are required to increase KAP levels regarding dengue in the communities of Aceh

Community Willingness to Participate in a Dengue Study in Aceh Province, Indonesia

Background: Dengue virus infection is the most rapidly spreading vector-borne disease in the world. Essential research on dengue virus transmission and its prevention requires community participation. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the factors that are associated with the willingness of communities in high prevalence areas to participate in dengue research. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with the willingness of healthy community members in Aceh province, Indonesia, to participate in dengue research that would require phlebotomy. Methodology/Principal Findings: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in nine regencies and municipalities of Aceh from November 2014 to March 2015. Interviews using a set of validated questionnaires were conducted to collect data on demography, history of dengue infection, socioeconomic status, and knowledge, attitude and practice regarding dengue fever. Two-step logistic regression and Spearman's rank correlation (rs) analysis were used to assess the influence of independent variables on dependent variables. Among 535 participants, less than 20% had a good willingness to participate in the dengue study. The factors associated with good willingness to participate were being female, working as a civil servant, private employee or entrepreneur, having a high socioeconomic status and good knowledge, attitude and practice regarding dengue. Good knowledge and attitude regarding dengue were positive independent predictors of willingness to participate (OR: 2.30 [95% CI: 1.36-3.90] and 3.73 [95% CI: 2.24-6.21], respectively). Conclusion/Significance: The willingness to participate in dengue research is very low among community members in Aceh, and the two most important associated factors are knowledge and attitude regarding dengue. To increase participation rate, efforts to improve the knowledge and attitude of community members regarding dengue fever and dengue-related research is required before such studies are launched

La economía del cambio climático en América Latina y el Caribe: una visión gráfica

El cambio climático es uno de los grandes desafíos del siglo XXI debido a sus causas y consecuencias globales y a la magnitud de los esfuerzos necesarios y simultáneos para amortiguar sus impactos negativos, adaptarse a las nuevas condiciones climáticas y llevar a cabo los procesos de mitigación de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. El principal objetivo de esta publicación es presentar las hipótesis y las cifras básicas de la economía del cambio climático en América Latina y el Caribe de forma resumida y gráfica. Estos hechos estilizados buscan contribuir a un mejor diseño, instrumentación y evaluación de las políticas públicas referidas al cambio climático en el siglo XXI, de manera que permitan la transformación del actual estilo de desarrollo y la transición hacia un desarrollo sostenible. Además del prólogo y esta introducción, se incluyen nueve tesis y siete desafíos que definen las características del cambio climático en América Latina y el Caribe

Additional file 2: of Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dengue virus infection among inhabitants of Aceh, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study

Distribution of the knowledge regarding dengue fever among participant groups with different socioeconomic level. (PDF 154 kb

Additional file 3: of Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dengue virus infection among inhabitants of Aceh, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study

Distribution of attitude regarding dengue fever among participant groups with different socioeconomic level. (PDF 195 kb

Correlation between willingness to participate (WTP) in dengue research, socioeconomic status and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding dengue (<i>n</i> = 535).

<p>Correlation between willingness to participate (WTP) in dengue research, socioeconomic status and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding dengue (<i>n</i> = 535).</p

Multivariate logistic regression analysis showing predictors of willingness to participate (WTP) in dengue study (good <i>vs</i>. poor) (<i>n</i> = 535).

<p>Multivariate logistic regression analysis showing predictors of willingness to participate (WTP) in dengue study (good <i>vs</i>. poor) (<i>n</i> = 535).</p

Characteristics of participants and univariate logistic regression analysis showing predictors of willingness to participate (WTP) in a dengue study (good <i>vs</i>. poor) (<i>n</i> = 535).

<p>Characteristics of participants and univariate logistic regression analysis showing predictors of willingness to participate (WTP) in a dengue study (good <i>vs</i>. poor) (<i>n</i> = 535).</p