The Effect of a Combination of Soil Improvers and N, P, K Fertilizers on P-Potential, P-Available, P Uptake, and Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Yield in Inceptisols Soil from Jatinangor

Inceptisols are an order of soil that has great potential to be used as productive land for rice cultivation because of its wide distribution in Indonesia. However, this land order has low soil fertility so it is necessary to fertilize to increase soil fertility. Balanced fertilization with soil improvers and N, P, and K fertilizers can be applied to increase fertilization efficiency. This experiment aims to obtain the dose of soil improver and N, P, K fertilizer that has the best effect on P-potential, P-available, P-uptake, and rice yield. The experiment was carried out from July to December 2023 at the Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition Laboratory Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with seven treatments and four replications consisting of control; N, P, K recommendations; soil improver; ½ soil + ¾ dose of N, P, K; ¾ soil improver + ¾ dose of N, P, K; 1 soil improver + ¾ dose of N, P, K; 1 ½ soil improver + ¾ dose of N, P, K; 1 soil improver + 1 dose of N, P, K. One dose of soil improver is 8000 kg ha-1, while one dose of N, P, K fertilizer is 350 kg ha-1 Urea, 50 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 50 kg ha-1 KCl. The experimental results showed that the treatment of 1 ½ soil improver + ¾ dose of N, P, K was the best treatment for increasing the weight of 100 grains

PENGENALAN TEKNIK PEMELIHARAAN DAN MANFAAT JAMBU KRISTAL DI DESA MEKAR JAYA, KECAMATAN BANJARAN, KABUPATEN BANDUNG

Konsumsi buah-buahan sangat dianjurkan untuk peningkatan gizi masyarakat dan ketahanan tubuh. Namun demikian kemampuan untuk membeli buah-buahan masih terbatas karena pada umumnya masyarakat lebih mementingkan untuk membeli kebutuhan pokok. Ditengah masa endemi ini, diperlukan daya tahan tubuh yang tinggi agar tidak sakit, salah satunya melalui asupan buah dengan kandungan vitamin C yang tinggi. Melalui penanaman jambu kristal dan dipelihara dengan baik di pekarangan rumah masyarakat, diharapkan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan gizi (khususnya vitamin C) secara mandiri tanpa membeli. Dipilihnya Kampung Empel, Desa Mekar Jaya, Kecamatan Banjaran, Kabupaten Bandung karena merupakan daerah yang cocok untuk ditanami jambu kristal dan masyarakatnya mempunyai pekarangan yang luas. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah penjajagan, penyuluhan, pendampingan dan evaluasi. Materi yang diberikan saat penyuluhan adalah pemeliharaan tanaman jambu kristal dan manfaatnya untuk kesehatan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah persiapan bibit jambu kristal, penanaman jambu kristal di halaman dan pemeliharaan jambu kristal. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat lebih mengenal pemeliharaan jambu kristal dan manfaat buah jambu kristal  serta peningkatan minat masyarakat untuk meningkatkan gizi dan daya tahan tubuh melalui konsumsi jambu kristal, mengingat masa pandemi covid saat itu. Kegiatan penyuluhan ini berdampak positif terhadap prospek dan minat untuk menanam jambu kristal di pekarangan rumah

IDENTIFIKASI SUMBERDAYA LAHAN PADA KETERSEDIAAN LOGAM BERAT (PB, CD DAN CR) TANAH SAWAH DI DAERAH PENGAIRAN SUNGAI CIKIJING KECAMATAN RANCAEKEK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengevaluasi sebaran pencemaran ketersediaan logam berat (Pb, Cd dan Cr) dari pembuangan limbah pabrik tekstil terhadap tanah sawah di daerah pengairan Sungai Cikijing Kecamatan Rancaekek, 2) mengkaji kandungan ketersediaan logam berat (Pb, Cd dan Cr) dan bahan organik yang terdapat pada tanah sawah di daerah pengairan Sungai Cikijing Kecamatan Rancaekek. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada lahan sawah tercemar logam berat dari limbah pabrik tekstil dari pengairan sungai Cikijing Kecamatan Rancaekek dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis tanah di Laboratorium Kesuburan Tanah dan Nutrisi Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran. Penelitian dilakukan dengan penetapan titik sampel didasarkan kepada sistem purposive random sampling. Jumlah sampel adalah 50 yang terletak pada 4 desa. Variabel yang diamati dan diukur dalam penelitian ini meliputi variabel utama yaitu kandungan ketersediaan logam berat (Pb, Cd, dan Cr) dan variabel pendukung meliputi C-organik tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan ketersediaan logam berat setiap lokasi sampel masih berada dibawah batas kritis untuk logam berat Pb, Cd dan Cr

The Effect of Bio-fertilizer on Soil Chemical Properties of Sugarcane in Purwadadi Subang

Biofertilizer is a biological product that can be used to improve the soil fertility. It is useful in enriching soil with micro-organisms that produces organic nutrients and may also reduce the plant diseases. This experiment investigates the usefulness of biofertilizer which can increase the soil properties. This study was conducted at sugarcane plantation, Purwadadi Subang Bandung. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications.  The treatments were (50 ; 25) g/treatment Biofertilizer + (¼ ; ½ ; ¾ ; 1) of the recommended dose of NPK and the recommended dose of NPK as a control. The chemical properties (potential K, K sorption, potential P, P sorption, total N and pH) were affected by biofertilizer application, except for N sorption. The best treatment from this product was combination from high level of biofertilizer (50 g) and (1/2 - 1) of the recommended dose of NPK. The application of biofertilizer can substitute NPK fertilizer 25% - 50% in soil. In general, this product has a good potency especially to increase some of soil chemical properties in a short time with simple application in the field.Keywords: Biofertilizer, Efficay, Inorganic Fertilize

Adsorpsi Paraquat dan Sifat Tanah pada Tiga Subgrup Tanah Akibat Pemberian Amelioran

ABSTRACTParaquat adsorption and Soil Properties on Three Soil Subgroups Due to Ameliorant ApplicationParaquat (Bipyridylium biclorida) is known as a highly toxic herbicide and quite widely used by the farmers. The material can be adsorbed by soil colloids and can contaminate soil and water. The study aimed to determine the ability of three of soil subgroups of different orders (Typic Hapludult, Typic Hapludand,and Chromic Endoaquert) to adsorb paraquat, finding the best kind of ameliorant in reducing residues, and studying its effect on corn crops. The study was conducted in two stages, namely (1) to test the maximum adsorption capacity of paraquat on the three of soil subgroups based on the Langmuir equation, and (ii) to study the influence of the type and ameliorant dose on three soil subgroups saturated with paraquat. Methods used were completely randomized design experiment nested models. The results of laboratory experiments showed that the topsoil layer of Typic Hapludands was dominated by halloysite and little amorphous clay minerals. While predominantly Typic Hapludult was dominated by kaolinite and little smectite. Chromic Endoaquert contained little kaolinite and was dominated by smectite. Saturation points in all three soil subgroups were 1.883 cmol kg-1, 20.833 cmol kg-1, and 9.346 cmol kg-1 paraquat, respectively. The type and dose of each ameliorant signifancty affected paraquat adsorption capacity, soil pH and electrical conductivity in all three soil subgroups, except for paraquat adsorption capacity and pH which were not affected in Typic Hapludults. The highest dose of activated charcoal adsorbed paraquat markedly higher compared with other treatments on Typic Hapludands, whereas Chromic Endoaquerts activated charcoal had the same effect with the zeolite, but higher than straw and control. Furthermore, on Typic Hapludults ameliorant did not significantly affect the adsorption capacity of paraquat, except when compared with controls.Keywords: Paraquat, soil subgroups, adsorption, ameliorant.ABSTRAKParaquat (Bipyridylium biclorida) dikenal sebagai herbisida yang sangat toksik dan pengunaannya cukup luas di kalangan petani. Bahan ini dapat diadsorpsi oleh koloid tanah dan dapat mencemari tanah dan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan tiga subgrup tanah berlainan ordo (Hapludult Tipik, Hapludand Tipik, dan Endoequert Kromik) mengadsorpsi paraquat, menemukan jenis amelioran yang paling baik dalam menekan residu paraquat, serta mempelajari pengaruhnya terhadap hasil tanaman jagung. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu (1) Uji kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum paraquat pada tiga subgrup tanah berdasarkan persamaan Langmuir, dan (2) pengaruh jenis dan dosis amelioran pada tiga subgrup tanah terjenuhi paraquat terhadap adsorpsi, pH, dan daya hantar listrik. Metode yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap model percobaan Tersarang. Hasil percobaan di laboratorium menunjukkan titik jenuh paraquat pada ketiga subgrup tanah tersebut masing-masing sebesar 1,883 cmol kg-1, 20,833 cmol kg-1, dan 9,346 cmol kg-1. Jenis dan dosis amelioran masing-masing berpengaruh nyata terhadap kapasitas adsorpsi paraquat, pH tanah dan daya hantar listrik pada ketiga subgrup tanah, kecuali kapasitas adsorpsi paraquat dan pH tidak dipengaruhi pada Hapludult Tipik. Arang aktif dosis 20% media tanah mampu mengadsorpsi paraquat nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya pada Hapludand Tipik, sedangkan pada Endoaquert Kromik, arang aktif memiliki pengaruh yang sama dengan zeolit, tetapi lebih tinggi dari jerami dan kontrol

Analisis Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah Terhadap Peningkatan Produksi Kelapa Sawit pada Tanah Pasir di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Selangkun

ABSTRACTAnalyse of soil chemical properties in the encriment of oil palm production on sandy soil at Selangkun oli palm plantationSoil is one of basic components in the development of oil palm plantation. Limitation of land causes many companies expand their areas to the sub-optimal land, such as sandy soil. This research was aimed to analyzed chemical soil properties and its relation with bunch number and bunch weight in oil palm plantation, Arut Selatan sub-district, Central Kalimantan. Survey was made in sample points that were determined based on grid system, and each sample was taken in the depth of 30 cm. This research was descriptive and used double regression equation with backward-stepwise method. Several parameters have been analyzed, such as pH, organic carbon, CEC, total N, total P, P-availability, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, and B. The result showed that the pH was categorized acid, macro nutrients were medium to very low, except total P and P-availability, while micro nutrients were enough, except boron which had very high amount. Furthermore, statistical analysis showed that some chemical properties, such as total N, CEC, and exchangeable Al were parameters which influenced production of bunch number per oil palm plant.Keywords: Oil palm, Soil nutrient, Sandy soilABSTRAKTanah merupakan salah satu komponen dasar dalam pembangunan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Keterbatasan lahan menyebabkan banyaknya perusahaan yang memperluas areal perkebunan ke lahan sub-optimal, seperti tanah pasir. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji sifat-sifat kimia yang ada pada tanah pasir dan hubungannya dengan produksi tandan per pohon dan berat tandan rata-rata tanaman kelapa sawit di kecamatan Arut Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah. Survei dilakukan pada titik sampel didasarkan pada metode grid, dan sampel diambil pada kedalaman 30 cm. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dan menggunakan model persamaan regresi berganda metode backward-stepwise. Beberapa parameter yang dianalisis adalah pH, C-organik, KTK, N-total, P-total, P-tersedia, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, dan B. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pH tanah tergolong rendah, kandungan hara makro berkisar sedang sampai sangat rendah, kecuali P-total dan P-tersedia, sementara kandungan hara mikronya cukup, kecuali boron yang tergolong tinggi. Sifat kimia tanah seperti N-total, KTK, dan Al-dd merupakan parameter yang meningkatkan jumlah tandan per pohon.Kata Kunci: Kelapa sawit, Hara tanah, Tanah pasi

Aplikasi PCO Plus pada Tanah Bekas Tambang Batu Bata Merah terhadap Serapan P, Ca dan B serta Fruitset Cabai Merah Besar (Capsicum annuum L.)

ABSTRACTApplication of liquid organic fertilizer formula plus on degraded soil to improve the productivity of the land and chili (Capsicum annuum L.) productionSoil exploitation in large numbers occurred in the District Wanaraja of Garut Regency. Excavation of soil more than 2 meters from the top layer for the manufacture of red bricks has exceeded the ability of the soil to re-establish its structure. So that the soils, which were agricultural lands, can be classified as degraded soils with less fertility and chemical properties. Lans reuse for agriculture requires adequate recovery and fertilizer input. This study aimed to determine the formula of LOF (liquid organic fertilizer) plus used with NPK compound fertilizer on degraded soil to improve the soil productivity. The design used was a Simple Randomized Block Design (RBD) by 10 combinations of LOF plus treatment with NPK compound fertilizer as follows: A = Control (degraded soil, no fertilizer), B = 0% LOF + 1 NPK, C = 0.25% LOF + 1 NPK, D = 0.50% LOF + 1 NPK, E = 0.75% LOF + 1 NPK, F = 1.00 % LOF + 1 NPK, G = 0.5% LOF + 3/4 NPK, H = 0.5% LOF + 1/2 NPK, I = 0.5% LOF + 1/4 NPK, J = 0.5 LOF + 0 NPK, and K = 1 NPK of normal soil that all replicated three times. The results showed that the degraded soil of red bricks required concentration of LOF above 0.5% to 1% when applied with 1 dose of standard NPK. It is able to balance the uptake of nutrients P, Ca, and B and percentage of fruitset in chili commodities equivalent to normal soil.Keywords: Chilli, Liquid Organic Faertilizer (LOF), NPK, Soil degrededABSTRAKEksploitasi tanah dalam jumlah yang besar terjadi di Kecamatan Wanaraja, Kabupaten Garut. Terjadinya penggalian tanah lebih dari 2 meter dari lapisan atas untuk pembuatan batu bata merah melampaui kemampuan tanah untuk membentuk struktur tanah kembali, sehingga tanah-tanah yang sebelumnya merupakan tanah pertanian ini dapat digolongkan menjadi tanah terdegradasi dengan sifat kimia kurang subur dan pemanfaatan kembali untuk pertanian memerlukan pemulihan dan input pupuk yang cukup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formula pupuk cair organik (PCO) plus yang digunakan bersama NPK pada tanah terdegradasi guna meningkatkan kembali produktvitas tanahnya. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah RAK sederhana dengan 10 kombinasi perlakuan PCO plus bersama NPK yaitu A = Kontrol (tanah terdegradasi, tanpa pupuk), B = 0% PCO + 1 NPK, C = 0,25% PCO + 1 NPK, D = 0,50% PCO + 1 NPK, E = 0,75% PCO + 1 NPK, F = 1,00% PCO + 1 NPK, G = 0,5% PCO + 3/4 NPK, H = 0,5% PCO + 1/2 NPK, I = 0,5% PCO + 1/4 NPK, J = 0,5 PCO + 0 NPK, dan K = 1 NPK tanah normal. Semua perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanah terdegradasi bekas tambang batu bata merah memerlukan konsentrasi PCO di atas 0,5% sampai dengan 1% apabila diaplikasikan bersama 1 dosis NPKstandar. Hal ini mempu mengimbangi serapan hara P, Ca, dan B serta persen fruitset pada komoditas cabai setara dengan tanah normal.Kata Kunci: Cabai, NPK, Pupuk Cair Organik (PCO), Tanah terdegradas

Hubungan Serapan N, P, dan K Tanaman Cabai terhadap Residunya di dalam Tanah yang Diberi Pupuk Cair Organik dengan NPK

ABSTRACTThe Relationship between N, P, and K Uptake of Chili Plants to Their Residues in Soil Treated by Liquid Organic Fertilizers and NPKThis study aims to determine the relationship of N, P, and K uptake of chili plants towards the residues in the soil treated with liquid organic fertilizer with the addition of inorganic fertilizers of N, P and K. The research was conducted from September 2017 to January 2018 in the experimental field and KTNT Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The design used was simple complete randomized design with 10 treatments and were repeated 3 times, with the treatment arrangement as follows: A = Control 0 PS + 0 NPK, B = 0 PCO + 1 NPK, C = 1 PCO + 0 NPK, D = 1 PCO + ¼ NPK, E = 1 PCO + ½ NPK, F = 1 PCO + ¾ NPK, G = 1 PCO + 1 NPK, H = ¼ PCO + ¾ NPK, I = ½ PCO + ¾ NPK and J = ¾ PCO + ¾ NPK. The results showed that the highest nutrient uptake and residue was found in the treatment of 1 PCO + ¾ NPK. Relationship between N, P and K uptake with nutrient residue on the soil was detected. The N, P and K residues were influenced by the N, P and K uptake of chili plants of 92%, 98%, and 97%, respectively.Keywords: Chili, NPK, Liquid Organic Fertilizer, Residue, AbsorptionABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan serapan N, P, dan K tanaman cabai terhadap residunya di dalam tanah yang diberi pupuk cair organik dengan pupuk anorganik N, P dan K. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2017 sampai dengan Januari 2018 di kebun percobaan dan Laboratorium KTNT Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah RAK sederhana dengan 10 perlakuan yang diulang 3 kali dengan susunan perlakuan sebagai berikut: A = Kontrol 0 PS + 0 NPK, B = 0 PCO + 1 NPK, C = 1 PCO + 0 NPK, D = 1 PCO + ¼ NPK, E = 1 PCO + ½ NPK, F = 1 PCO + ¾ NPK, G= 1 PCO + 1 NPK, H = ¼ PCO + ¾ NPK, I = ½ CO + ¾ PK dan J = ¾ PCO + ¾ NPK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa serapan dan residu hara tertinggi ialah perlakuan F = 1 PCO + ¾ NPK. Terdapat hubungan antara serapan N, P dan K dengan residu hara pada tanah. Residu N, P dan K dipengaruhi oleh serapan N, P dan K tanaman cabai masing-masing sebesar 92% serapan N, 98% serapan P, dan 97% serapan K.Kata Kunci: Cabai, NPK, PCO, Residu, Serapa

Modifikasi Penggunaan Subsoil Melalui Penambahan Bahan Organik Untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kopi Arabika (Coffea Arabica L.)

Sub soil is soil under the top soil layer, with low fertility. The use of sub soil as an Arabica coffee seedling planting media needs to be considered because the top soil layer has been much reduced by erosion or run off. Needs modification in sub-soil soils to increase fertility. Increased sub soil fertility can be done using organic materials, both solid and liquid. Coffee seedling using the right planting media will determine the growth and production of coffee in the field later. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of subsoil growing media with the addition of organic material for the growth of Arabica coffee seeds. The experiment was conducted at the Ciparanje Experimental Field, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang Regency, in March to June 2019 with altitude of ± 780 meters above sea level. The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with 9 treatments repeated three times. The treatments are as follows: 100% topsoil; subsoil 100%; topsoil: chicken manure (2: 1); subsoil: chicken manure (1: 1); subsoil: chicken manure (2: 1); subsoil: chicken manure (3: 1); subsoil + 25% coconut water; subsoil + 50% coconut water; subsoil + 75% coconut water. The results showed that the modification of subsoil with the addition of organic matter affected the growth of Arabica coffee seedlings on stem diameter variables of 8 MST and leaf chlorophyll index of 16 MST. Subsoil media with the addition of chicken manure (3: 1) had a good effect on leaf chlorophyll index and subsoil media with 25% coconut water had a good effect on the diameter of Arabica coffee seedling stems. Subsoil can replace topsoil by adding organic matter.

Respon Tanaman Kopi Muda terhadap Pemberian Jenis Bahan Organik yang Berbeda

Tanaman kopi merupakan tanaman perkebunan yang akhir-akhir ini banyak diminati oleh petani.  Namun demikian produksi kopi Indonesia menurun yang salah satunya diakibatkan oleh teknik budidaya yang belum optimal. Peningkatan produksi dapat dilakukan sejak awal penanaman. Aplikasi bahan organik pada awal tanam diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi kopi saat panen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan dosis dan jenis bahan organik yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan tanaman kopi arabika. Percobaan dilakukan mulai bulan Agustus – November 2017 di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Unpad, di Jatinangor. Ketinggian tempat percobaan adalah 752 m dpl dengan ordo Tanah Inceptisol. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 9 perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali. Perlakuannya adalah tanpa diberi bahan organik, Dosis asam humat ( 5,10,15,20 ml/tanaman) dan dosis pupuk kotoran sapi (5, 10, 15, 20 kg/tanaman).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Respon tanaman kopi muda terhadap pemberian jenis pupuk organik hanya terdapat pada variabel indeks klorofil umur 8 MSP.  Aplikasi asam humat 10 ml memberikan pengaruh terbaik pada indeks klorofil dan terdapat kecenderung lebih baik pada pertambahan tinggi tanaman, pertambahan diameter batang dan pertambahan jumlah daun. Kata kunci : bahan organik, kop