2,237 research outputs found
Hydro-dynamical models for the chaotic dripping faucet
We give a hydrodynamical explanation for the chaotic behaviour of a dripping
faucet using the results of the stability analysis of a static pendant drop and
a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) of the complete dynamics. We find that
the only relevant modes are the two classical normal forms associated with a
Saddle-Node-Andronov bifurcation and a Shilnikov homoclinic bifurcation. This
allows us to construct a hierarchy of reduced order models including maps and
ordinary differential equations which are able to qualitatively explain prior
experiments and numerical simulations of the governing partial differential
equations and provide an explanation for the complexity in dripping. We also
provide a new mechanical analogue for the dripping faucet and a simple
rationale for the transition from dripping to jetting modes in the flow from a
faucet.Comment: 16 pages, 14 figures. Under review for Journal of Fluid Mechanic
Shock excitation of the knots of Hen 3-1475
We present new optical STIS HST spectroscopic observations of the jets of the
proto-planetary nebula Hen 3-1475. The excitation conditions of the knots of
Hen 3-1475 are derived from the observed optical spectra, confirming that the
knots are shock excited. The shocked spectra are qualitatively reproduced by
simple ``3/2''D bow shock models. We present a set of bow shock models devoted
to planetary nebulae, and discuss the effects of the pre-ionization conditions,
the bow shock velocity, the bow shock shape and the chemical abundances on the
predicted spectra.
To explore the reliability of the ``3/2''D bow shock models, we also compare
the observed spectra of other three proto-planetary nebulae (M 1-92, M 2-56 and
CRL 618) to the predicted spectra.Comment: 13 pages. A&A (in press
Agencies For Purposes Of Section 911 Of The Internal Revenue Code: The Foreign Earned Income Exclusion Survives 2003 Controversial Proposal To Repeal
The United States, for over three-quarters of a century, has maintained a foreign trade policy concerning American citizens working abroad that provides for the foreign earned income exclusion
On the soliton width in the incommensurate phase of spin-Peierls systems
We study using bosonization techniques the effects of frustration due to
competing interactions and of the interchain elastic couplings on the soliton
width and soliton structure in spin-Peierls systems. We compare the predictions
of this study with numerical results obtained by exact diagonalization of
finite chains. We conclude that frustration produces in general a reduction of
the soliton width while the interchain elastic coupling increases it. We
discuss these results in connection with recent measurements of the soliton
width in the incommensurate phase of CuGeO_3.Comment: 4 pages, latex, 2 figures embedded in the tex
Thermodynamic Properties of the Spin-1/2 Antiferromagnetic ladder Cu2(C2H12N2)2Cl4 under Magnetic Field
Specific heat () measurements in the spin-1/2
Cu(CHN)Cl system under a magnetic field up to
are reported and compared to the results of numerical calculations
based on the 2-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg ladder. While the temperature
dependences of both the susceptibility and the low field specific heat are
accurately reproduced by this model, deviations are observed below the critical
field at which the spin gap closes. In this Quantum High Field phase,
the contribution of the low-energy quantum fluctuations are stronger than in
the Heisenberg ladder model. We argue that this enhancement can be attributed
to dynamical lattice fluctuations. Finally, we show that such a Heisenberg
ladder, for , is unstable, when coupled to the 3D lattice, against a
lattice distortion. These results provide an alternative explanation for the
observed low temperature ( -- ) phase (previously
interpreted as a 3D magnetic ordering) as a new type of incommensurate gapped
state.Comment: Minor changes, list of authors complete
Hole-Pairs in a Spin Liquid: Influence of Electrostatic Hole-Hole Repulsion
The stability of hole bound states in the t-J model including short-range
Coulomb interactions is analyzed using computational techniques on ladders with
up to sites. For a nearest-neighbors (NN) hole-hole repulsion,
the two-holes bound state is surprisingly robust and breaks only when the
repulsion is several times the exchange . At hole doping the
pairs break only for a NN-repulsion as large as . Pair-pair
correlations remain robust in the regime of hole binding. The results support
electronic hole-pairing mechanisms on ladders based on holes moving in
spin-liquid backgrounds. Implications in two dimensions are also presented. The
need for better estimations of the range and strength of the Coulomb
interaction in copper-oxides is remarked.Comment: Revised version with new figures. 4 pages, 5 figure
Influence of the anion potential on the charge ordering in quasi-one dimensional charge transfer salts
We examine the various instabilities of quarter-filled strongly correlated
electronic chains in the presence of a coupling to the underlying lattice. To
mimic the physics of the (TMTTF)X Bechgaard-Fabre salts we also include
electrostatic effects of intercalated anions. We show that small displacements
of the anion can stabilize new mixed Charged Density Wave-Bond Order Wave
phases in which central symmetry centers are suppressed. This finding is
discussed in the context of recent experiments. We suggest that the recently
observed charge ordering is due to a cooperative effect between the Coulomb
interaction and the coupling of the electronic stacks to the anions. On the
other hand, the Spin-Peierls instability at lower temperature requires a
Peierls-like lattice coupling.Comment: Latex, 4 pages, 4 postscript figure
Symmetry breaking in small rotating cloud of trapped ultracold Bose atoms
We study the signatures of rotational and phase symmetry breaking in small
rotating clouds of trapped ultracold Bose atoms by looking at rigorously
defined condensate wave function. Rotational symmetry breaking occurs in narrow
frequency windows, where the ground state of the system has degenerated with
respect to the total angular momentum, and it leads to a complex wave function
that exhibits vortices clearly seen as holes in the density, as well as
characteristic vorticity. Phase symmetry (or gauge symmetry) breaking, on the
other hand, is clearly manifested in the interference of two independent
rotating clouds.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
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