Home range and habitat use by Kemp's Ridley turtles in West-Central Florida

The Kemp's ridley turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) is an endangered species whose recovery depends in part on the identification and protection of required habitats. We used radio and sonic telemetry on subadult Kemp's ridley turtles to investigate home-range size and habitat use in the coastal waters of west-central Florida from 1994 to 1996. We tracked 9 turtles during May-August up to 70 days after release and fou.ld they occupied 5-30 km2 foraging ranges. Compositional analyses indicated that turtles used rock outcroppings in their foraging ranges at a significantly higher proportion than expected. based on availability within the study area. Additionally. turtles used live bottom (e.g .• sessile invertebrates) and green macroalgae habitats significantly more than seagrass habitat. Similar studies are needed through'mt the Kemp's ridley turtles' range to investigate regional and stage-specific differences in habitat use. which can then be used to conserve important foraging areas

Characterization of Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles in the Florida Big Bend Area: Final report

The Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempo is considered the most endangered of the seven extant marine turtle species (Ross et al. 1989). The US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) estimate the breeding population at 1,500 to 3,000 individuals. The nesting population has been reduced from approximately 40,000 on one day to no more than 700 annually (Magnuson et al. 1990, USFWS & NMFS 1992). Conservation measures for the species have focused on the protection of the nesting beach, captive rearing (head starting), and the implementation of turtle excluder devices (TEDs) on shrimp nets. Five hundred to 5,000 ridleys are still taken incidentally yearly by shrimp trawls (Magnuson et al. 1990). Lack of knowledge about early life stages of the Kemp's ridley sea turtle currently hinders recovery efforts for this federally listed species. (Document has 18 pages.

Model Rules for a FairShares Cooperative (v3.0f)

Model Rules for an FCA Accepted FairShares Cooperative Version 3.0f, 12th October 2018 The FairShares Model was licensed to the FairShares Association under a Creative Commons Licence by Rory Ridley-Duff and Cliff Southcombe. The Model Rules for an FCA Accepted FairShares Cooperative are provided ‘as is’ under a Creative Commons Licence. These rules can be shared and adapted for your own use, providing the authors’ work is fully acknowledged and any new versions are made available under the same Creative Commons Licence. © Rory Ridley-Duff, Cliff Southcombe, Jereme Snook and FairShares Association Ltd, 2018. Creative Commons 4.0: Attribution, Non-Commercial Share Alik

Trends in Kemp\u27s Ridley Sea Turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) Relative Abundance, Distribution, and Size Composition in Nearshore Waters of the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico

Long-term monitoring of in-water life history stages of the critically endangered Kemp’s ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) is essential for management because it generates information on the species’ at-sea abundance, size composition, distribution, and habitat requirements. We documented trends in Kemp’s ridley size, relative abundance, and distribution using entanglement netting surveys at three study areas adjacent to tidal passes in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico (NWGOM) during intermittent sampling periods from 1991 to 2013. A total of 656 Kemp’s ridley sea turtles were captured ranging in size from 19.5 to 66.3 cm straight carapace length (SCL) (mean = 35.0 cm SCL). The dominance of juveniles (25–40 cm SCL) captured during sampling suggests the nearshore waters of the NWGOM are an important developmental foraging ground for Kemp’s ridley. Characterization of Kemp’s ridley long-term relative abundance reveals a generally stable trend in catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) across all study areas combined. Based on the increasing trend in the number of hatchlings released from the species’ primary nesting beach, Rancho Nuevo, Mexico, since the early 1990s, the lack of a corresponding overall increase in juvenile abundance at nearshore sampling locations is puzzling. This disparity is most likely an artifact of the present study’s sampling design, but could also indicate shifts in Kemp’s ridley recruitment away from the NWGOM. While conservation efforts have contributed to this species’ overall growth since the 1980s, as measured by the increasing number of nests, recent declines in this rate of increase are a concern and call for a more comprehensive approach to managing Kemp’s ridley recovery efforts

Nesting Success of Kemp’s Ridley Sea Turtles, Lepidochelys kempi, at Rancho Nuevo, Tamaulipas, Mexico, 1982–2004

The Kemp’s ridley sea turtle, Lepidochelys kempi, was on the edge of extinction owing to a combination of intense egg harvesting and incidental capture in commercial fishing trawls. Results from a cooperative conservation strategy initiated in 1978 between Mexico and the United States to protect and restore the Kemp’s ridley turtle at the main nesting beach at Rancho Nuevo, Tamaulipas, Mexico are assessed. This strategy appears to be working as there are signs that the species is starting to make a recovery. Recovery indicators include: 1) increased numbers of nesting turtles, 2) increased numbers of 100+ turtle nesting aggregations (arribadas), 3) an expanding nesting season now extending from March to August, and 4) significant nighttime nesting since 2003. The population low point at Rancho Nuevo was in 1985 (706 nests) and the population began to significantly increase in 1997 (1,514 nests), growing to over 4,000 nests in 2004. The size and numbers of arribadas have increased each year since 1983 but have yet to exceed the 1,000+ mark; most arribadas are still 200–800+ turtles

NEW AND CRITICAL MALAYSIAN PLANTS IV

1. Sixteen new species are described in Guttiferae : Garcinia longipedicellata, G. segmentata; Kayea laevis, K. paludosa.Lauraceae:Alseodaphne data, A. gigaphylla, A. obovata ; Beilschmiedia argentea, B.dilmyana, B. gigantocarpa,B.kinabaluensis, B. myrmecophila, B. rufolanata,B. rufoperulata,B. wieringae;Dehaasia novoguineensis. 2. Seven new combinations are coined in Lauraceae : Alseodaphne archboldiana (Allen) (basonym : Nothaphoebe archboldiana Allen),A. reticulata (Gamble) (basonym : Nothaphoebe reticulata Gamble) ; Beilschmiedia cuneata (Meissn.) (basonym : Persea cuneata Meissn.) ; Beilschmiedia palembanica (Miq.)(basonym : Cryptocarya palembanica Miq ) ; Dehaasia longipedicellata (Ridley) (basonym :Beilschmiedia longipedicellata Ridley), D. oblanceolata (Merr.) (basonym : Beilschmiedia oblanceolata Merrill) ; D. titanophytta (Airy Shaw) (basonym : Beilschmiedia titanophylla Airy Shaw). 3. Two new names are coined in Lauraceae : Dehaasia membranacea Kosterm. (based on Dehaasia longipedicellata (non Ridley) Merrill).Sterculiaceae : Sterculia perryae Kosterm. (based on Sterculia clemensiae (non Ridley) Merr. & Perry)

Validation and interpretation of annual skeletal marks in loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) sea turtles

Numerous studies have applied skeletochronology to sea turtle species. Because many of the studies have lacked validation, the application of this technique to sea turtle age estimation has been called into question. To address this concern, we obtained humeri from 13 known-age Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) and two loggerhead (Caretta caretta) sea turtles for the purposes of examining the growth marks and comparing growth mark counts to actual age. We found evidence for annual deposition of growth marks in both these species. Corroborative results were found in Kemp’s ridley sea turtles from a comparison of death date and amount of bone growth following the completion of the last growth mark (n=76). Formation of the lines of arrested growth in Kemp’s ridley sea turtles consistently occurred in the spring for animals that strand dead along the mid- and south U.S. Atlantic coast. For both Kemp’s ridley and loggerhead sea turtles, we also found a proportional allometry between bone growth (humerus dimensions) and somatic growth (straight carapace length), indicating that size-at-age and growth rates can be estimated from dimensions of early growth marks. These results validate skeletochronology as a method for estimating age in Kemp’s ridley and loggerhead sea turtles from the southeast United States

MONARCHY REMOVING IN RIDLEY SCOTT’S GLADIATOR MOVIE (2000): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH

The objective of the study is to examine how monarchy removing is reflected in Ridley Scott‘s Gladiator based on sociological approach and the structural elements. It is done by establishing two objectives: the first is analyzing the movie based on its structural elements and the second is analyzing the movie based on the sociological approach. The research is conducted by using qualitative method. The object of the research is the movie entitled Gladiator directed by Ridley Scott. The writer uses two data sources namely primary and secondary data source. The primary data is movie Gladiator directed by Ridley Scott. The secondary data sources are the other sources related to the analysis like some books and internet. The method of the data collection is library research. The technique of data analysis is descriptive analysis. The results of the research show that: first, the Roman experience was once and still remaining a most important segment of the human story. Second, in Gladiator movie, Ridley Scott shows his view on politics that Monarchy is not suitable to be applied to manage a country and Republic is the most suitable because Republic respects the human right where every member of nation has right for live as free men with no slavery and the society have right to elect the leader of their nation. Third, Ridley Scott wants to say that slavery needs to be erased because it does not respect the human right. Fourth, Ridley Scott in Gladiator movie wants to rebel the social stratification

Movements and behavior of wild and head-started sea turtles

Flipper-tagging, aerial surveys, and satellite telemetry was used to investigate the occurrence, migratory routes, distances traveled, swimming speeds, diving behavior, and the relation of water temperature to movements and timing of migration of wild loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and Kemp\u27s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) sea turtles. The behavior and movements of head-started loggerhead turtles was investigated with satellite telemetry and compared to wild turtles. Flipper-tagged loggerhead and Kemp\u27s ridley turtles inhabit Chesapeake Bay during the warm months and many return in subsequent seasons. Aerial surveys showed that loggerhead turtles migrate from south of Cape Hatteras to northern waters during May and June, and return to the south of Cape Hatteras in the autumn, usually during October or November. Satellite telemetry supported aerial survey data, and showed that loggerhead and Kemp\u27s ridley turtles migrate nearshore to the south of Cape Hatteras in the autumn, although one loggerhead became pelagic in the North Atlantic. Kemp\u27s ridleys and some loggerheads migrate as far south as Florida for the winter months, while some loggerheads overwinter in the Gulf Stream off North Carolina. Loggerheads which returned to Chesapeake Bay used similar migratory routes during the northerly and southerly migrations. Loggerhead and Kemp\u27s ridley turtles spent up to 94% of 12 h periods submerged (ridley mean = 81%, loggerhead mean = 88%), and mean dive durations ranged from 13 to 124 min (ridley mean = 66 min, loggerhead mean = 74 min), making 13 to 38 dives over a 12 h period (ridley mean = 25, loggerhead mean = 25). Temperatures measured by satellite transmitters attached to Kemp\u27s ridley turtles ranged from 13-23 C (mean = 17 C), while loggerhead temperatures ranged from 6-33 C (mean = 20 C). Movements of turtles appear to be mitigated by temperatures about 15 C. Movements and diving behavior of head-started loggerheads were different than wild turtles. Some head-started turtles entered the Gulf Stream and traveled eastward across the Atlantic, while others wandered in various directions. Head-started loggerheads made more (mean = 69) and shorter dives (mean = 21 min) over a 12 hr period than wild turtles, and spent significantly less time submerged (mean = 54%) than wild turtles

The Flow of History along Ridley Creek

Ridley Creek flows southeast for 24 miles from the South Valley Hills of southern Chester County through Delaware County, Pennsylvania, where it enters the Delaware River between the City of Chester and the Borough of Eddystone. Ridley Creek and its tributaries flow within a narrow 38 square mile watershed that includes parts of eleven townships, five boroughs, and one city. This illustrated story highlights many of the natural and cultural features of the Ridley Creek watershed, from its sources to where the creek finally meets the waters of the Delaware River