FENOMENOLOGIA JURÍDICA E A INTRÍNSECA CORRELAÇÃO COM AS SITUAÇÔES JURÍDICAS EXISTENCIAIS NA CONFORMAÇAO DOS NOVOS DANOS

Analyzes the current form of legal phenomenology applied to civil torts, with the expansion of its classical categories to other modalities previously ignored. It presents short historical development of the subjective right, until it will achieve the concept of legal interest. Discusses the new forms of legal phenomenon - existential legal situation and the existential legal business - and the way in which, therefore, allowed to speak, these days, in existential damage that transcend the classical notion of moral damage.Analisa os moldes atuais da fenomenologia jurídica aplicada às indenizações civis, com a ampliação de categorias clássicas a modalidades outrora ignoradas. Apresenta breve desenvolvimento histórico do direito subjetivo, até que se permita atingir o conceito de interesse juridicamente tutelável. Discorre sobre as novas modalidades de fenômeno jurídico - a situação jurídica existencial e os negócios jurídicos existenciais - e a forma em que, por consequência, se permitiu falar, hodiernamente, em danos existenciais que transcendem a noção clássica de dano moral

Resiliência e Sustentabilidade: A (In) Eficácia dos Contratos Securitários e Seus Reflexos na Responsabilização Ambiental

Analyzes the viability of hiring environmental insurance as an effective alternative to the protection of the Environment. Therefore, it relies on historical study of the dynamics of securitarian policies of environmental relevance in comparative experience, notably its development in the United States and European countries. It continues on the analysis of the phenomenon in Brazil, setting the primary species of environmental insurance coverage, discussing the reasons for its popularity and the main practical obstacles to its expansion in the daily business, in addition to showing, in parallel, the impact of business practice in environmental protection.Analisa a viabilidade da contratação dos seguros ambientais como uma alternativa eficaz à proteção do Meio Ambiente, interseccionando-a com a ideia de resiliência, aplicável ao Direito Ambiental. Para tanto, se apoia em estudo histórico sobre a dinâmica das apólices securitárias de relevância ambiental na experiência comparada. Em seguida, aborda a análise do fenômeno no Brasil, e define brevemente as espécies primárias de cobertura securitária ambiental, as razões de sua popularização e os principais óbices práticos à sua expansão no cotidiano empresarial brasileiro, além de traçar, em paralelo, os impactos da prática negocial na proteção do bem jurídico ambiental

Controle judicial de emendas constitucionais: democracia e constitucionalismo na América Latina

The role of the Courts in the review of constitutional amendments is often pictured as a detractor of the democratic quality of a political system, as many scholars argue it endangers the will of a qualified elected majority. However, there may be cases where the judicial intervention enhances democracy by improving the political decisionmaking standards. The dissertation aims to answer under which circumstances the power granted to justices to review constitutional amendments produces democratic outcomes. To address the question, I considered institutional and political settings of several Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru) and performed a comparative analysis to test whether the presence or absence of some variables allows a democratic judicial review of constitutional amendments. The political and institutional attributes discussed are (I) Judicial Independence, (II) Political Competition, and (III) Legitimacy of the Courts, identified from previous literature in judicial politics. I tested if the presence of these variables fulfils three criteria established as a measure for democracy: (i) the existence of deliberative processes inside and outside the courts, (i) the possibility of overrides and backlashes, and (iii) the nonpartisanship of the judicial rulings, in the review of constitutional amendments. I then chose two countries for the testing of each attribute (I, II, III), one where this attribute is present and another where it is absent. For testing this model, I adopted the rational choice theory applied to judicial behaviour. The results show that the presence of some combinations of institutional attributes enhance the democratic quality of the judicial review of constitutional amendments. The dissertation intends to provide scholars with a better understanding of the constitutional amendment dynamics. It also aims to develop a tangible guide to assist constitutional practitioners on deciding the role of the courts in the judicial review of constitutional amendments and determining what are the best institutional scenarios for granting justices with this power.O papel das Cortes no controle de emendas constitucionais é usualmente considerado deletério à qualidade democrática de um sistema político, uma vez que permite a um grupo de juízes não eleitos confrontar a vontade de uma maioria eleita e qualificada. No entanto, é possível que a intervenção judicial resulte em mais democracia e, portanto, melhore a qualidade da decisão política. Esta tese tem como objetivo entender sob quais circunstâncias o poder de controlar emendas concedido às Cortes Constitucionais produz resultados democráticos. Para responder à pergunta, considero particularidades políticas e institucionais de diversos países latino-americanos (Argentina, Brasil, Colômbia e Peru) para realizar análise comparativa e definir se a presença ou ausência de uma série de Atributos Institucionais contribui para um controle de emendas constitucionais mais democrático. Baseado em literatura prévia sobre política judicial, defino que esses Atributos Institucionais são: (I) Independência Judicial; (II) Competição Política; e (III) Legitimidade das Cortes. No estudo, avalio se a presença desses atributos satisfaz três critérios que estabeleço como medidas de democracia: (i) a existência de processos de deliberação na Corte; (ii) a possibilidade de oposição à decisão judicial ou à Corte enquanto instituição; e (iii) a imparcialidade das decisões judiciais, todos verificados dentro do controle de emendas constitucionais. A análise é comparativa, o que significa que para avaliar a contribuição de cada Atributo Institucional (I, II, III) eu escolho um país onde o atributo está presente e outro em que está ausente. Cabe mencionar que, ao longo do desenvolvimento da análise deste modelo, utilizo a teoria da escolha racional aplicada ao comportamento judicial. Os resultados mostram que algumas combinações de Atributos Institucionais melhoram a qualidade democrática do controle judicial de emendas constitucionais. Esta tese pretende oferecer um melhor entendimento das práticas e dinâmicas do controle de emendas constitucionais para acadêmicos e investigadores. Também tem por objetivo desenvolver um guia prático para ajudar a determinar o papel das Cortes no controle de emendas constitucionais e estabelecer quais são os cenários em que conceder esse poder aos Ministros é mais adequad

Responsabilidade civil e sustentabilidade: normatividade em prol do meio ambiente

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2017v38n75p105Este artigo analisa o caráter indissociável da responsabilidade civil e da sustentabilidade a partir dos novos paradigmas de ressarcimento, tecendo críticas ao sistema clássico de compensação, insuficiente para a promoção da justiça ambiental. Ancorado no método hipotético-dedutivo, assevera-se o caráter normativo da responsabilidade civil, que passa a apresentar, implicitamente, função regulatória de condutas, sob a rubrica de dano moral genérico. Demonstra-se, ao fim, que o atual paradigma de responsabilização, provido de função exclusivamente ressarcitória, não apresenta grau satisfatório de proteção ao Meio Ambiente.http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2017v38n75p105It analyzes the inseparable character of civil responsibility and sustainability from the new reimbursement paradigms in Brazilian law, criticizing the classical system of compensation, appointed as insufficient to the effective promotion of environmental justice. Sustained by the hypothetical-deductive method, it affirms the normative nature of the liability, that starts to present normative function, albeit in a veiled way, always under the rubric of generic moral damage. It shows, in order, that the current liability paradigm, provided exclusively by compensatory function, does not present a satisfactory degree of protection to the environment

Autologous versus Synthetic sling procedure: Success rate and bladder outlet obstruction rates

Objectives: Voiding dysfunction and urinary retention were frequent complications of sling. More recently synthetic supplies such as polypropylene mesh have been included in the armamentarium for sub urethral support. Methods: A prospective non randomized study was conducted. Sling procedure was performed in 436 consecutive patients with SUI. Patients were divided in groups according to mesh type, being 210 on autologous and 226 on synthetic. Patients were surveyed on voiding condition, continence and satisfaction. Surgical results were assessed according to Blaivas classification. Results were considered significant p<0.05. Results: Mean patient age was 48.4 years. Mean operative time for autologous sling was of 107.6 min versus 20.6 min for synthetic. Mean hospitalization was 36h on autologous versus 24h on synthetic and mean follow up was 25 months. We found 87.1% and 92.9% of patients continent in autologous and synthetic group, respectively. Failure was presented by 7% in autologous and 4,8 % in synthetic group (p=0.1961). The global rate of BOO was of 4,5 % (20/436), when analysed by groups we found on autologous a rate of 8.5% (18/210), compared to 0.9% on synthetics (2/226) (p=0.000126). Conclusions: Autologous and synthetic slings presented comparable success rates, however BOO was more common among patients treated by autologous slings.33215415

Comparative Study Among Autologous And Synthetic Slings In The Treatment Of Stress Urinary Incontinence [studio Comparativo Tra Sling Autologhe E Sintetiche Nel Trattamento Dell'incontinenza Urinaria Da Sforzo]

Aim. Procedures to correct stress urinary incontinence (SUI) are designed to restore support of the urethrovescical junction and, in cases of intrinsic sphinteric dysfunction, improve the coaptation of the urethra. Voiding dysfunction and urinary retention are frequent complications of both urethropexy and urethral sling. Guatelli et al. reported a 8.5% obstruction rate following autologous sling procedure, while the obstruction rate after polypropylene sling meshes procedures was 3.7%. The aim of this study was to compare the success and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) rates following sling procedure for SUI with two different mesh materials, synthetic versus autologous. Methods. A prospective study was carried out between July 1995 and December 1995 at the Department of Urology, University of Campinas Medical Center. Results. The median time between the anti-incontinence procedure and the diagnosis of BOO was nine months (3-96 months). All obstructed patients suffered from refractory urgency/frequency syndrome with varying postvoid residual volume. Our experience showed that autologous pubovaginal slings were statistically more obstructive than synthetic ones. Conclusion. Autologous and synthetic slings presented comparable success rates in treating SUI. However, BOO was more frequent among patients who underwent autologous sling procedure.606469473Petros, P., Ulmsten, U., An integral theory and its method for the diagnosis and management of female urinary incontinence (1993) Scand J Urol Nephrol, 153, pp. 1-93Ulmsten, U., Petros, P., Intravaginal slingplasty (IVS): An ambulatory surgical procedure for treatment of female urinary incontinence (1995) Scand J Urol Nephrol, 29, pp. 75-82Ward, K., Hilton, P., United Kingdom and Ireland Tension-free Vaginal Tape Trial Group. Prospective multicentre randomised trial of tension-free vaginal tape and colposuspension as primary treatment for stress incontinence (2002) BMJ, 325, p. 67Wadie, B.S., Edwan, A., Nabeeh, A.M., Autologous fascial sling vs polypropylene tape at short term follow-up: A prospective randomized study (2005) J Urol, 174, pp. 990-993Guatelli, S., Dall'Oglio, B., Schiavon, L., Luciano, M., Parma, P., Galletta, V., Pubo-vaginal sling (2004) Arch Ital Urol Androl, 76, pp. 46-48Kuo, H.C., Long-term surgical results of pubovaginal sling procedure using polypropylene mesh in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (2005) Urol Int, 74, pp. 147-152Ulmsten, U., Henriksson, L., Johnson, P., Varhos, G., An ambulatory surgical procedure under local anesthesia for treatment of female urinary incontinence (1996) Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, 7, pp. 81-85Boustead, G.B., The tension-free vaginal tape for treating female stress urinary incontinence (2002) BJU Int, 89, pp. 687-693Klutke, C., Siegel, S., Carlin, B., Paszkiewicz, E., Kirkemo, A., Klutke, J., Urinary retention after tension-free vaginal tape procedure: Incidence and treatment (2001) Urology, 58, pp. 697-701Kuo, H.C., The surgical results of the pubovaginal sling procedure using polypropylene mesh for stress urinary incontinence (2001) BJU International, 88, pp. 884-888The Urinary Incontinence Treatment Network. Burch colposuspension versus fascial sling to reduce urinary stress incontinence (2007) N Engl J Med, 356, pp. 21-24Ostergard, D.R., Primary slings for everyone with genuine stress incontinence? The argument against (1997) Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, 8, pp. 321-322Wilson, T.S., Lemack, G.E., Zimmern, P.E., Management of intrinsic sphincteric deficiency in women (2003) J Urol, 169, pp. 1662-1669Clemens, J.Q., DeLancey, J.O., Faerber, G.J., Westney, O.L., Mcguire, E.J., Urinary tract erosions after synthetic pubovaginal slings: Diagnosis and management strategy (2000) Urology, 56, pp. 589-594Nilsson, C.G., Kuuva, N., The tension-free vaginal tape procedure is successful in the majority of women with indications for surgical treatment of urinary stress incontinence (2001) Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 108, pp. 414-419Debodinance, P., Delporte, P., Engrand, J.B., Boulogne, M., Tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) in the treatment of urinary stress incontinence: 3 years experience involving 256 operations (2002) Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 105, pp. 49-58Abouassaly, R., Steinberg, J.R., Lemieux, M., Marois, C., Gilchrist, L.I., Bourque, J.L., Complications of tension-free vaginal tape surgery: A multi-institutional review (2004) BJU Int, 94, pp. 110-113Deffieux, X., Bonnet, K., Chevalier, N., Gervaise, A., Frydman, R., Fernandez, H., Complications urinaires des soutènements sous-urétraux. (2005) J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod, 34, pp. 745-756Palma, P.C.R., Dambros, M., Riccetto, C.L.Z., Thiel, M., Netto Jr., N.R., Uretrolisis transvaginal tras cirugía correctora de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo. (2005) Actas Urol Esp, 29, pp. 207-211Thiel, M., Rodrigues Palma, P.C., Riccetto, C.L., Dambros, M., Netto Jr, N.R., A stereological analysis of fibrosis and inflammatory reaction induced four different synthetic slings (2005) BJU Inter, 95, pp. 833-837Palma, P.C.R., Ikari, O., D'Ancona, C.A.L., Netto Jr., N.R., Alça pubovaginal sintética no tratamento da da incontinência urinária de esforço (1992) J Bras Urol, pp. 18202-18204Palma, P.C.R., Riccetto, C.L.Z., Herrmann, V., Dambros, M., Thiel, M., Bandiera, S., Transobturator SAFYRE sling is as effective as the transvaginal procedure (2005) Int Urogynecol J, 16, pp. 487-49