Artroplastia total de cadera no cementada : resultados a corto plazo con los componentes femorales de los modelos poro-palcar y PCA

Se presentan los resultados clínicos y radiológicos, a corto plazo, referentes al componente femoral de una serie de 62 artroplastias totales de cadera no cementadas. Treinta y tres correspondían al modelo PORO-PALCAR y 29 al modelo PCA. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 62 años (ds = 9,6). El tiempo medio de seguimiento postoperatorio ha sido 2 años (1,5-3). En la valoración clínica se ha utilizado el Test de Harris. La puntuación final total alcanzó 88,7 puntos (ds = 6,9) para el modelo PCA y 83,5 puntos (ds = 13,2) para el POROPALCAR. Los resultados clínicos fueron excelentes (80 a 100 puntos) en el 93 % de los implantes PCA y en el 67% PORO-PALCAR (p<0,01), con una remisión completa del dolor en más del 90% de los casos para ambos modelos. La mejoría funcional fue significativamente mayor para el modelo PCA. En cuanto a los resultados radiológicos, el modelo PORO-PALCAR presentó un hundimiento medio de 1,73 mm (p < 0,05). El 80% de los vástagos PCA y el 48% de los PORO-PALCAR no presentaban líneas radiolucientes en las zonas porosas (p<0,01). En las zonas inferiores, en más del 75% de los modelos PORO-PALCAR aparecieron líneas de hasta 2 mm de espesor y en el 21,2% líneas mayores de 2 mm en el vértice del vástago. Dos vástagos del modelo PORO-PALCAR presentaron signos de aflojamiento aséptico. Por lo tanto, el componente femoral del modelo PCA presentó una mejor fijación y osteointegración que el modelo PORO-PALCAR.The clinical and roentgenographic short-term results regarding femoral component of 62 non cemented total hip arthroplasties were evaluated. In 33 cases PORO-PALCAR model were implanted and in 29 cases PCA model were implanted. The average age of patients was 62 years (sd = 9,6). The average follow-up was 2 years, ranging from 1,5 to 3 years. Clinical assesment was performed using the Harris' score. The total end score reached 88,7 points (sd = 6,9) for the PCA model and 83,5 points (sd = 13,2) for the PORO-PALCAR model. Excellent clinical results (80 to 100 points) were found in 93 % of the patients with PCA model and in 67% of those with the PORO-PALCAR model (p<0,01). Pain was removed in more than 90% of the cases independently of the femoral model implanted. As for radiologic results, PORO-PALCAR model presented an average vertical subsidence of 1,73 mm (p<0,05). Radiolucent lines were not detected in 80% of PCA models and in 48% of PORO-PALCAR models around porous-surfaced (p < 0,01). In more of 75% of PORO-PALCAR models were observed radiolucent lines untill 2 mm of density in lower zones, and in 21% of cases radiolucent lines was greater than 2 mm around of stem apex. Two cases of PORO-PALCAR stem presented sings of aseptic loosening. Fixation and osteointegration seems to be better for the femoral component of PCA model than for the PORO-PALCAR stem

Componentes acetabulares no cementados: resultados preliminares con los modelos PCA y Poro-palcar

Se comparan los resultados clínicos y radiológicos a corto plazo referente s al component e acetabula r de 62 artroplastia s totale s de cader a no cementadas. Treinta y tres implante s correspondían al modelo Poro-palcar y 29 al modelo PCA. La edad media en el momento de la intervención fue de 62 años (ds=9.6). El tiempo medio de seguimient o postoperatorio fue de un año y siet e mese s (máximo 3 años y mínimo un año). Para la valoración clínica se utiliza el test de Harris. La puntuación final total alcanza 88.7 puntos (ds=6.9) para el modelo PCA y 83.5 puntos (ds=13.2) para el poropalear. Los resultados clínicos fueron excelente s (80-100 puntos) en el 93% de los implante s PCA y en el 67% poro-palear (p<0.01), con una remisión completa del dolor en más del 90% de los casos para ambos modelos. La mejoría de la capacidad funcional fue significativament e mayo r en los enfermo s intervenido s con e l model o PCA. En cuanto a los resultados radiológicos, no hubo signos significativos de migración acetabular en ninguno de los modelos. Respecto a la aparición de radiolucencias, no se detectaron en el 72% de las copas PCA y en 60% de las copas poro-palear, presentando el resto radiolucencias de hasta 2 mm, lo cual indica una mejor osteointegración de las copas PCA respecto de las poro-palear.The clinical and roentgenographi c short-term results regarding the acetabular component wer e aveluated in a series of 62 noncemented total hip arthroplastie s in whic h eithe r the PCA cup (29 cases) or the poro-palcar mode l (33 cases) wer e implanted. At the time of surgery, the mean age of patients wa s 62 year s (ds=9.6). The average follow-up wa s 1 year and 7 months, ranging from 1 to 3 years. Clinical assesment wa s performed usin g the Harris'score . At review, the total scor e reache d 88.7 points (ds=6.9) for the PCA model and 83.5 (ds+13.2) for the poro-palcar cup. Excellent clinical results (80-100points) wer e found in 93% of the patients operated on wich the PCA cup and in 67% of those with the poro-palcar model (p<0.01). Pain was removed in more than 90% of the case s independently of the cup model used. The improvement of function was significantly better in patients receiving the PCA cup. There was not acetabular migration in any of the groups. Periacetabular radiolucent images wer e not detected in 72% of PCA case s an in 60% of the poro-palcar group. In case s with radiolucent images, these don't exceded more than 2 mm. Osteointegration seens to be better for the PCA cups than for the poro-palcar models

Radiofrequency ablation combined with conductive fluid-based dopants (saline normal and colloidal gold): computer modeling and ex vivo experiments

[EN] Background: The volume of the coagulation zones created during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is limited by the appearance of roll-off. Doping the tissue with conductive fluids, e.g., gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) could enlarge these zones by delaying roll-off. Our goal was to characterize the electrical conductivity of a substrate doped with AuNPs in a computer modeling study and ex vivo experiments to investigate their effect on coagulation zone volumes. Methods: The electrical conductivity of substrates doped with normal saline or AuNPs was assessed experimentally on agar phantoms. The computer models, built and solved on COMSOL Multiphysics, consisted of a cylindrical domain mimicking liver tissue and a spherical domain mimicking a doped zone with 2, 3 and 4 cm diameters. Ex vivo experiments were conducted on bovine liver fragments under three different conditions: non-doped tissue (ND Group), 2 mL of 0.9% NaCl (NaCl Group), and 2 mL of AuNPs 0.1 wt% (AuNPs Group). Results: The theoretical analysis showed that adding normal saline or colloidal gold in concentrations lower than 10% only modifies the electrical conductivity of the doped substrate with practically no change in the thermal characteristics. The computer results showed a relationship between doped zone size and electrode length regarding the created coagulation zone. There was good agreement between the ex vivo and computational results in terms of transverse diameter of the coagulation zone. Conclusions: Both the computer and ex vivo experiments showed that doping with AuNPs can enlarge the coagulation zone, especially the transverse diameter and hence enhance sphericity.This work was supported by the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT, Mexico) through a scholarship grant to Dora Luz Castro-Lopez, CVU Registration No. 446604; and by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades under the "Plan Estatal de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad", Grant No "RTI2018-094357-B-C21"Castro-López, DL.; Berjano, E.; Romero-Méndez, R. (2021). Radiofrequency ablation combined with conductive fluid-based dopants (saline normal and colloidal gold): computer modeling and ex vivo experiments. BioMedical Engineering OnLine. 20:1-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-020-00842-8S12020Zhu F, Rhim H. Thermal ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: what’s new in 2019. 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Two-compartment mathematical modeling in RF tumor ablation: New insight when irreversible changes in electrical conductivity are considered

[EN] The objective was to explore variations of temperature distribution and coagulation zone size computed by a two-compartment radiofrequency ablation (RFA) model when including simultaneously reversible changes in the tissue electrical conductivity (sigma) due to temperature and irreversible changes due to thermal coagulation. Two-compartment (tumor and healthy tissue) models were built and simulated. Reversible change of sigma was modeled by a piecewise function characterized by increments of +1.5%/degrees C up to 100 degrees C, and a 100 times smaller value from 100 degrees C onwards. Irreversible changes of sigma were modeled using an Arrhenius model. We assumed that both tumor and healthy tissue had a different initial sigma value (as suggested by the experimental data in the literature) and tended towards a common value as thermal damage progressed (necrotized tissue). We modeled a constant impedance protocol based on 90 V pulses voltage and three tumor diameters (2, 3 and 4 cm). Computer simulations showed that the differences between both models were only 0.1 and 0.2 cm for axial and transverse diameters, respectively, and this small difference was reflected in the similar temperature distributions computed by both models. In view of the available experimental data on changes of electrical conductivity in tumors and healthy tissue during heating, our results suggest that irreversible changes in electrical conductivity do not have a significant impact on coagulation zone size in two-compartment RFA models.This work was supported by the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT, Mexico) through a scholarship grant to Dora Luz Castro-Lopez, CVU registration No 446604; and by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades under "Programma Estatal de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad", Grant No "RTI2018-094357-B-C21".Castro-López, DL.; Trujillo Guillen, M.; Berjano, E.; Romero-Mendez, R. (2020). Two-compartment mathematical modeling in RF tumor ablation: New insight when irreversible changes in electrical conductivity are considered. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering. 17(6):7980-7993. https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2020405S798079931762. D. Haemmerich, L. Chachati, A. S. Wright, D. M. Mahvi, F. T. Lee Jr, J. G. Webster, Hepatic radiofrequency ablation with internally cooled probes: Effect of coolant temperature on lesion size, IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 50 (2003), 493-500.4. Z. Liu, S. M. Lobo, S. Humphries, C. Horkan, S. A. Solazzo, A. U. Hines-Peralta, et al., Radiofrequency tumor ablation: insight into improved efficacy using computer modeling, AJR Am. J. Roentgenol., 184 (2005), 1347-1352.5. S. M. Lobo, Z. J. Liu, N. C. Yu, S. Humphries, M. Ahmed, E. R. Cosman, et al., RF tumour ablation: computer simulation and mathematical modelling of the effects of electrical and thermal conductivity, Int. J. Hyperth., 21 (2005), 199-213.9. D. Haemmerich, D. J. Schutt, RF ablation at low frequencies for targeted tumor heating: In vitro and computational modeling results, IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 58 (2011), 404-410.17. M. Pop, A. Molckovsky, L. Chin, M. C. Kolios, M. A. Jewett, M. D. Sherar, Changes in dielectric properties at 460 kHz of kidney and fat during heating: importance for radio-frequency thermal therapy, Phys. Med. Biol., 48 (2003), 2509-2525.18. U. Zurbuchen, C. Holmer, K. S. Lehmann, T. Stein, A. Roggan, C. Seifarth, et al., Determination of the temperature-dependent electric conductivity of liver tissue ex vivo and in vivo: Importance for therapy planning for the radiofrequency ablation of liver tumours, Int. J. Hyperth., 26 (2010), 26-33.19. E. G. Macchi, M. Gallati, G. Braschi, E. Persi, Dielectric properties of RF heated ex vivo porcine liver tissue at 480&#8201;kHz: measurements and simulations, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys., 47 (2014), 485401.21. E. Ewertowska, R. Quesada, A. Radosevic, A. Andaluz, X. Moll, F. G. Arnas, et al., A clinically oriented computer model for radiofrequency ablation of hepatic tissue with internally cooled wet electrode, Int. J. Hyperth., 35 (2019), 194-204.30. M. Qiu, A. Singh, D. Wang, J. Qu, M. Swihart, H. Zhang, P. N. Prasad, Biocompatible and biodegradable inorganic nanostructures for nanomedicine: Silicon and black phosphorus, Nano Today, 25 (2019), 135-155.33. A. Andreozzi, L. Brunese, M. Iasielllo, C. Tucci, G. P. Vanoli, Modeling heat transfer in tumors: A review of thermal therapies, Ann. Biomed. Eng., 47 (2019), 676-693

Impact of chronic foot pain related quality of life: a retrospective case-control study

Clinical trial[Abstract] Background: Chronic foot pain (CFP) is a widespread condition worldwide; however, few studies that relate CFP and foot health-related quality of life have been reported. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the impact of foot health and health in general in a sample of adult people with CFP compared with a control group. Study design: This study was designed as a retrospective case-control study. Setting: Podiatric section of a care center. Methods: Two hundred adults were included in the study. Patients were divided into CFP patient (n = 100) and control groups (n = 100). All of them regularly attended a private podiatric clinic to take care of their foot health. Self-reported data and medical histories for people with and without CFP were evaluated. All findings were compared with quality of life (QoL) scores based on the Foot Health Status Questionnaire, Spanish version. Results: Adults with CFP (compared to the control group) showed reductions in QoL linked to overall health and foot health in particular and were statistically significant with respect to several domains: (1) foot pain, (2) foot function, (3) general health, and (4) physical activity. These differ-ences were evaluated with a t-test for independent samples, and statistical significance was consid-ered a P value of P < 0.05. Limitations: The study was not a randomized controlled trial. Although primary outcome data were self-reported, the assessor was not blinded. Conclusions: CFP patients, regardless of gender, recorded a negative influence on QoL-related foot health that seems to be linked with the presence of this chronic condition

The implications of diabetic foot health-related with quality of life: A retrospective case control investigation

[Abstract] The diabetes people show a significant presence of foot health problems are usually all over the world, causing in big economic effects for these persons, their families and world population OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research is to evaluate and relate the impact of foot health associated with the quality of life (QoL) in a group of people with and without diabetes MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 150 persons of a mean age of 71.45 ± 11.93 years came to a foot and ankle specialist outpatient center. Self-reported data were medical records where persons'with and without diabetes was evaluated. All findings obtained was compared with scores quality of life using the tool Foot Health Status Questionnaire, spanish version RESULTS: The diabetes group revealed a reduction of QoL linked to overall health and to foot health in particular. Differences among both groups were analyzed by means of a independent Student's t-test samples, displaying a p-value lower than 0.05 statistically significant for the domains of foot pain, foot function footwear and social capacity CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes people recorded a negative influence on the QoL related with foot health, that seems to be linked with the presence of chronic disease in diabetes people

Genome wide expression analysis in HPV16 Cervical Cancer: identification of altered metabolic pathways

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cervical carcinoma (CC) is a leading cause of death among women worldwide. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a major etiological factor in CC and HPV 16 is the more frequent viral type present. Our aim was to characterize metabolic pathways altered in HPV 16 tumor samples by means of transcriptome wide analysis and bioinformatics tools for visualizing expression data in the context of KEGG biological pathways.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found 2,067 genes significantly up or down-modulated (at least 2-fold) in tumor clinical samples compared to normal tissues, representing ~3.7% of analyzed genes. Cervical carcinoma was associated with an important up-regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, which was validated by in situ hybridization in clinical samples. Other up-regulated pathways were those of calcium signaling and MAPK signaling, as well as cell cycle-related genes. There was down-regulation of focal adhesion, TGF-β signaling, among other metabolic pathways.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This analysis of HPV 16 tumors transcriptome could be useful for the identification of genes and molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma. Understanding the possible role of these proteins in the pathogenesis of CC deserves further studies.</p

Assessment of an Adaptive Load Forecasting Methodology in a Smart Grid Demonstration Project

This paper presents the implementation of an adaptive load forecasting methodology in two different power networks from a smart grid demonstration project deployed in the region of Madrid, Spain. The paper contains an exhaustive comparative study of different short-term load forecast methodologies, addressing the methods and variables that are more relevant to be applied for the smart grid deployment. The evaluation followed in this paper suggests that the performance of the different methods depends on the conditions of the site in which the smart grid is implemented. It is shown that some non-linear methods, such as support vector machine with a radial basis function kernel and extremely randomized forest offer good performance using only 24 lagged load hourly values, which could be useful when the amount of data available is limited due to communication problems in the smart grid monitoring system. However, it has to be highlighted that, in general, the behavior of different short-term load forecast methodologies is not stable when they are applied to different power networks and that when there is a considerable variability throughout the whole testing period, some methods offer good performance in some situations, but they fail in others. In this paper, an adaptive load forecasting methodology is proposed to address this issue improving the forecasting performance through iterative optimization: in each specific situation, the best short-term load forecast methodology is chosen, resulting in minimum prediction errors.This work has been partly funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the National Program for Research Aimed at the Challenges of Society under the project OSIRIS (RTC-2014-1556-3). The authors would like to thank all of the partners in the OSIRIS project: Unión Fenosa Distribución S.A., Tecnalia, Orbis , Neoris, Ziv Metering Solutions, Telecontrol STM and Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. The authors would also like to thank Charalampos Chelmis (University at Albany-SUNY) for the valuable discussion

Transcultural adaptation and validation of Italian Selfcarediabetic foot questionnaire

The Italian Self care diabetic foot questionnaire, (SDFQ-IT) is considered a dia-betic foot self-care evaluation tool with 16 questions for assessing diabetic foothealth disorders. To date, SDFQ has been validated in different languages, butan Italian version was lacking. Consequently, the purpose of this study was totranslate and validate the Italian version of the SDFQ-I T (SDFQ-IT). A suitablemethod was developed for the translation protocol and cross-cultural valida-tion from Spanish to Italian. Regarding the total marks from each sub-scale,agreement degrees, and confidence were analysed using the Cronbach's α andintraclass correlation coefficient (IC C), respectively. In addition, the mean± SD differences between pre and post-tests were calculated and completedusing the Bland and Altman distribution plots. Excellent agreement betweenthe two versions based on Cronbach's α was demonstrated. Three sub-scalesconsisting of knowledge of foot hygiene, the appropriate use of footwear andsocks, and podiatric self-care were added together to obtain the total score.Excellent retest reliability was shown for the total score. Test/retest reliabilitywas excellent for the self-care domain, and shock and shoe sub-scales. Therewere no significant differences among any domain (P > .05). There were nostatistically significant differences (P = .000) for the mean ± SDs differencesbetween pre-and post-tests (92.9200 ± 12.914) [89.25-96.59] and 92.9200± 13.012 [89.22-96.62] points, respectively). Bland and Altman plots or clini-cally pertinent variations were not statistically significantly different. TheSDFQ-IT is considered a strong and valid questionnaire with adequate repeat-ability in the Italian community

Effect of Foot Orthoses and Shoes in Parkinson's Disease Patients : A PRISMA Systematic Review

Reduced plantar foot sensation, postural instability, and gait difficulties are characteristic of Parkinson´s disease patients. A systematic review was carried out to determine the effect of the different types of insoles and shoes in these patients. Several databases were used to search for relevant articles reporting Parkinson´s disease patients undergoing treatment with any type of insole and footwear. All titles and abstracts were reviewed independently by two reviewers and the available data were extracted. The study eligibility criteria were any type of experimental study that included Parkinson's disease patients treated with any type of insole or footwear. Eight studies were selected. Interventions used were textured insoles, footwear modifications, and habitual footwear. Three different outcomes were evaluated in each study: gait parameters, balance, and plantar sensation. According to the data available from this systematic review, the most important conclusion is that more controlled studies are needed in this research field. There are indications to suggest that textured insoles have positive effects on gait parameters, balance, and plantar sensation in Parkinson's disease patients