28 research outputs found
Evolution of the cruise control
In this paper we discussed the evolution of Cruise Control systems, from the most rudimentary systems to the adaptive systems. Different Cruise Control systems are presently implemented in vehicles on the market today and the prospects for development of them.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Flavonoides presentes nos extratos da campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg / Flavonoids present in extracts of campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg
O aumento do interesse por compostos bioativos de origem natural com alta capacidade antioxidante aumentou consideravelmente nas duas Ăşltimas dĂ©cadas, principalmente devido ao seu potencial na prevenção e tratamento auxiliar de doenças inflamatĂłrias crĂ´nicas. Em vista deste fato, o presente estudo buscou quantificar os flavonoides presentes na planta guabirobeira. Os extratos foram elaborados com as folhas e polpa da C. xanthocarpa, atravĂ©s do mĂ©todo extrativo sob refluxo em aparelho Soxhlet a 78,4 oC utilizando como solvente o etanol 70%. O extrato SF-et apresentou maior quantidade de flavonoides. O composto bioativo observado no presente estudo apresentou maior concentração no extrato da folha da C. xanthocarpa extraĂda pelo solvente etanol 70%.Â
Modeling Biological Pathway Dynamics With Timed Automata
Living cells are constantly subjected to a plethora of environmental stimuli that require integration into an appropriate cellular response. This integration takes place through signal transduction events that form tightly interconnected networks. The understanding of these networks requires to capture their dynamics through computational support and models. ANIMO (Analysis of Networks with Interactive MOdelling) is a tool that enables construction and exploration of executable models of biological networks, helping to derive hypotheses and to plan wet-lab experiments. The tool is based on the formalism of Timed Automata, which can be analysed via the UPPAAL model checker. Thanks to Timed Automata, we can provide a formal semantics for the domain-specific language used to represent signalling networks. This enforces precision and uniformity in the definition of signalling pathways, contributing to the integration of isolated signalling events into complex network models. We propose an approach to discretization of reaction kinetics that allows us to efficiently use UPPAAL as the computational engine to explore the dynamic behaviour of the network of interest. A user-friendly interface hides the use of Timed Automata from the user, while keeping the expressive power intact. Abstraction to single-parameter kinetics speeds up construction of models that remain faithful enough to provide meaningful insight. The resulting dynamic behaviour of the network components is displayed graphically, allowing for an intuitive and interactive modelling experience
Diseño de manuales de control interno de acuerdo al COSO II para el fortalecimiento en el área financiera de la AlcaldĂa Municipal de Lolotique, departamento de San Miguel
El presente trabajo titulado “Diseño de manuales de control interno de acuerdo al COSO II para el fortalecimiento en el área financiera de la AlcaldĂa Municipal de Lolotique, departamento de San Miguel”, tiene como finalidad servir como una herramienta de apoyo para un mejor desarrollo de las diferentes áreas financieras de la municipalidad. El capĂtulo I, “Generalidades” está conformado por: los objetivos, planteamiento del problema, justificaciĂłn, metodologĂa, análisis e interpretaciĂłn de resultados. III El capĂtulo II, “Marco HistĂłrico del Control Interno” está conformado por: los antecedentes histĂłricos del COSO, antecedentes del control interno en El Salvador, historia del municipalismo en El Salvador, orĂgenes y etimologĂa de Lolotique. El capĂtulo III, “Marco TeĂłrico” está conformado por: los Mecanismos de Control Interno para el área de Contabilidad, TesorerĂa, y UACI de la AlcaldĂa Municipal de Lolotique, los canales de comunicaciĂłn adecuados que generen la oportuna toma de decisiones de la AlcaldĂa Municipal de Lolotique, manuales de control interno para fortalecer la unidad de adquisiciones y contrataciones institucionales (UACI), tesorerĂa y contabilidad de la AlcaldĂa Municipal de Lolotique. CapĂtulo IV, es la Propuesta de los manuales de control interno para las áreas de Contabilidad, TesorerĂa y Unidad de Adquisiciones y Contrataciones Institucionales (UACI). CapĂtulo V, que son las conclusiones y recomendaciones. Por Ăşltimo está la bibliografĂa y anexo
Twenty years of the Fabry Outcome Survey (FOS) : insights, achievements, and lessons learned from a global patient registry
Background: Patient registries provide long-term, real-world evidence that aids the understanding of the natural history and progression of disease, and the efects of treatment on large patient populations with rare diseases. The year 2021 marks the 20th anniversary of the Fabry Outcome Survey (FOS), an international, multicenter, observational registry (NCT03289065). The primary aims of FOS are to broaden the understanding of Fabry disease (FD), an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder, and to improve the clinical management of afected patients. Here, we review the history of FOS and the analyses and publications disseminated from the registry, and we discuss the contributions FOS stud‑ ies have made in understanding FD. Results: FOS was initiated in April 2001 and, as of January 2021, 4484 patients with a confrmed diagnosis and patient informed consent have been enrolled from 144 centers across 26 countries. Data from FOS have been pub‑ lished in nearly 60 manuscripts on a wide variety of topics relevant to FD. Analyses of FOS data have investigated the long-term efectiveness and safety of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with agalsidase alfa and its efects on morbidity and mortality, as well as the benefts of prompt and early treatment with agalsidase alfa on the progression of cardiomyopathy and the decline in renal function associated with FD. Based on analyses of FOS data, ERT with agal‑ sidase alfa has also been shown to improve additional signs and symptoms of FD experienced by patients. FOS data analyses have provided a better understanding of the natural history of FD and the specifc populations of women, children, and the elderly, and have provided practical tools for the study of FD. FOS has also provided methodology and criteria for assessing disease severity which contributed to the continuous development of medical practice in FD and has largely improved our understanding of the challenges and needs of long-term data collection in rare diseases, aiding in future rare disease real-world evidence studies. Conclusion: FOS over the last 20 years has substantially increased the scientifc knowledge around improved patient management of FD and continues to expand our understanding of this rare disease
InfluĂŞncia da fonte de carbono nas propriedades de hĂbridos Ni/Carbono preparados por carbonização hidrotĂ©rmica e tratamento tĂ©rmico e utilizados como suportes para eletrocatalisadores PtRu/C
Neste trabalho, hĂbridos Ni/Carbono foram preparados em duas etapas (carbonização hidrotĂ©rmica e tratamento tĂ©rmico a 900 °C sob argĂ´nio) a partir de diferentes fontes de carbono: glicose, amido e celulose. Eletrocatalisadores PtRu/C foram preparados pelo mĂ©todo da redução por álcool utilizando os hĂbridos como suportes. Os materiais foram caracterizados por espectroscopia por energia dispersiva de raios-X (EDX), análise termogravimĂ©trica (TGA), espectroscopia no infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), isotermas de B.E.T., difração de raios-X (DRX), microscopia eletrĂ´nica de transmissĂŁo (TEM) e voltametria cĂclica em meio ácido. A eletro-oxidação do metanol foi estudada por cronoamperometria. O eletrocatalisador PtRu/C preparado utilizando o hĂbrido sintetizado a partir da celulose apresentou uma eletroatividade levemente superior aos demais materiais obtidos.Palavras-chave: Metanol. CĂ©lula a combustĂvel. Carboidratos.
Green Lifestyles Alternative Models and Up-scaling Regional Sustainability (GLAMURS). Work Package 4. Deliverable 4.3: Report on Future Lifestyle Scenarios and Backcasting Vision Workshops
[Abstract] A participatory backcasting methodology has been developed for the GLAMURS project, entitled participatory backcasting for sustainable lifestyles and a green economy. It consists of two stakeholder workshops; a first workshop for problem exploration and development of visions for sustainable lifestyle and a green economy followed by a second workshop focussing on pathways and implementation.In six regions studied in the GLAMURS project vision workshops have been successfully executed. Thirteen visions have been generated. Visions have been compared on several dimensions including (1) sufficiency versus green growth, (2) individual versus community orientation, (3) governance by government or market, and (4) urban versus rural focus.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement Nº 61342
Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years