4,425 research outputs found
Modelling the influence of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine antigen stability and dose on the bovine immune response
Church-Rosser Systems, Codes with Bounded Synchronization Delay and Local Rees Extensions
What is the common link, if there is any, between Church-Rosser systems,
prefix codes with bounded synchronization delay, and local Rees extensions? The
first obvious answer is that each of these notions relates to topics of
interest for WORDS: Church-Rosser systems are certain rewriting systems over
words, codes are given by sets of words which form a basis of a free submonoid
in the free monoid of all words (over a given alphabet) and local Rees
extensions provide structural insight into regular languages over words. So, it
seems to be a legitimate title for an extended abstract presented at the
conference WORDS 2017. However, this work is more ambitious, it outlines some
less obvious but much more interesting link between these topics. This link is
based on a structure theory of finite monoids with varieties of groups and the
concept of local divisors playing a prominent role. Parts of this work appeared
in a similar form in conference proceedings where proofs and further material
can be found.Comment: Extended abstract of an invited talk given at WORDS 201
Statistical Mechanics of Logarithmic REM: Duality, Freezing and Extreme Value Statistics of Noises generated by Gaussian Free Fields
We compute the distribution of the partition functions for a class of
one-dimensional Random Energy Models (REM) with logarithmically correlated
random potential, above and at the glass transition temperature. The random
potential sequences represent various versions of the 1/f noise generated by
sampling the two-dimensional Gaussian Free Field (2dGFF) along various planar
curves. Our method extends the recent analysis of Fyodorov Bouchaud from the
circular case to an interval and is based on an analytical continuation of the
Selberg integral. In particular, we unveil a {\it duality relation} satisfied
by the suitable generating function of free energy cumulants in the
high-temperature phase. It reinforces the freezing scenario hypothesis for that
generating function, from which we derive the distribution of extrema for the
2dGFF on the interval. We provide numerical checks of the circular and
the interval case and discuss universality and various extensions. Relevance to
the distribution of length of a segment in Liouville quantum gravity is noted.Comment: 25 pages, 12 figures Published version. Misprint corrected,
references and note adde
Revealing the single electron pocket of FeSe in a single orthorhombic domain
Authors acknowledge Diamond Light Source for time on beamline I05-ARPES under Proposal SI23890. L.C.R. acknowledges funding from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851.We measure the electronic structure of FeSe from within individual orthorhombic domains. Enabled by an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy beamline with a highly focused beam spot (nano-ARPES), we identify clear stripelike orthorhombic domains in FeSe with a length scale of approximately 1-5 μm. Our photoemission measurements of the Fermi surface and band structure within individual domains reveal a single electron pocket at the Brillouin zone corner. This result provides clear evidence for a one-electron-pocket electronic structure of FeSe, observed without the application of uniaxial strain, and calls for further theoretical insight into this unusual Fermi surface topology. Our results also showcase the potential of nano-ARPES for the study of correlated materials with local domain structures.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
The use of biomedicine, complementary and alternative medicine, and ethnomedicine for the treatment of epilepsy among people of South Asian origin in the UK
Studies have shown that a significant proportion of people with epilepsy use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). CAM use is known to vary between different ethnic groups and cultural contexts; however, little attention has been devoted to inter-ethnic differences within the UK population. We studied the use of biomedicine, complementary and alternative medicine, and ethnomedicine in a sample of people with epilepsy of South Asian origin living in the north of England.
Interviews were conducted with 30 people of South Asian origin and 16 carers drawn from a sampling frame of patients over 18 years old with epilepsy, compiled from epilepsy registers and hospital databases. All interviews were tape-recorded, translated if required and transcribed. A framework approach was adopted to analyse the data.
All those interviewed were taking conventional anti-epileptic drugs. Most had also sought help from traditional South Asian practitioners, but only two people had tried conventional CAM. Decisions to consult a traditional healer were taken by families rather than by individuals with epilepsy. Those who made the decision to consult a traditional healer were usually older family members and their motivations and perceptions of safety and efficacy often differed from those of the recipients of the treatment. No-one had discussed the use of traditional therapies with their doctor. The patterns observed in the UK mirrored those reported among people with epilepsy in India and Pakistan.
The health care-seeking behaviour of study participants, although mainly confined within the ethnomedicine sector, shared much in common with that of people who use global CAM. The appeal of traditional therapies lay in their religious and moral legitimacy within the South Asian community, especially to the older generation who were disproportionately influential in the determination of treatment choices. As a second generation made up of people of Pakistani origin born in the UK reach the age when they are the influential decision makers in their families, resort to traditional therapies may decline. People had long experience of navigating plural systems of health care and avoided potential conflict by maintaining strict separation between different sectors. Health care practitioners need to approach these issues with sensitivity and to regard traditional healers as potential allies, rather than competitors or quacks
Click Worthy: Stories Encourage Emergency Physicians to Learn More About Opioid Prescribing Guidelines
Narrative vignettes outperform standard summaries in promoting engagement with opioid prescription guidelines among a national sample of emergency physicians
microRNA regulation of mammalian target of rapamycin expression and activity controls estrogen receptor function and RAD001 sensitivity
Background:
The AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is regulated by 17
α
-estradiol (E2)
signaling and mediates E2-induced proliferation and progesterone receptor (PgR) expression in breast cancer.
Methods and results:
Here we use deep sequencing analysis of previously published data from The Cancer
Genome Atlas to demonstrate that expression of a key component of mTOR signaling, rapamycin-insensitive
companion of mTOR (Rictor), positively correlated with an estrogen receptor-
α
positive (ER
α
+
) breast tumor signature.
Through increased microRNA-155 (miR-155) expression in the ER
α
+
breast cancer cells we demonstrate repression
of Rictor enhanced activation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling with both qPCR and western blot.
miR-155-mediated mTOR signaling resulted in deregulated ER
α
signalingbothinculturedcells
in vitro
and in
xenografts
in vivo
in addition to repressed PgR expression and act
ivity.FurthermoreweobservedthatmiR-155
enhanced mTORC1 signaling (observed through western
blot for increased phosphorylation on mTOR S2448) and
induced inhibition of mTORC2 signaling (evident through
repressed Rictor and tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1) gene
expression). mTORC1 induced deregulation of E2 signaling was confirmed using qPCR and the mTORC1-specific
inhibitor RAD001. Co-treatment of MCF7 breast cancer cells stably overexpressing miR-155 with RAD001 and E2
restored E2-induced PgR gene expression. RAD001 treatment of SCID/CB17 mice inhibited E2-induced tumorigenesis
of the MCF7 miR-155 overexpressing cell line. Finally we demonstrated a strong positive correlation between Rictor
and PgR expression and a negative correlation with Raptor expression in Luminal B breast cancer samples, a breast
cancer histological subtype known for having an altered ER
α
-signaling pathway.
Conclusions:
miRNA mediated alterations in mTOR and ER
α
signaling establishes a new mechanism for altered
estrogen responses independent of growth factor stimulation
Recommended from our members
‘We’re not all dangerous and crazy’. Negotiating the voice hearing identity: A critical discursive approach
A critical discursive approach examined how the voice hearing identity is negotiated. Conflicting constructions identified voice hearing not only as distressing but also as a normal experience. The discursive strategies reveal that when individuals who hear voices construct their identity, they must either disavow their own distress to avoid stigma or accept the stigmatising accounts of their identity imposed on them if they are to have their distress recognised. The study points to the value and importance of discursive approaches in uncovering unspoken distress in individuals and society, and towards the need to address identity issues in clinical and social interventions
- …