7 research outputs found
Acute kidney injury in COVID-19; a review on current knowledge
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that can cause a variety of diseases in humans. Some coronaviruses cause only mild illnesses like the common cold. While, some coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV (SARS-associated coronavirus) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have, in recent years, been able to cause severe respiratory involvement (pneumonia), leading to death in several patients. By identifying the genomic sequence of the new human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) it has been revealed that it belongs to the beta coronavirus genus. COVID-19 appears to be transmitted by a mechanism similar to the influenza virus via person to person, sneezing coughing, or contact with the secretions of infected patients. Early symptoms of these respiratory viruses include fever, cough, and shortness of breath, with an incubation period of 2-14 days. SARS-CoV-2 is an acute respiratory disease that initially causes lung damage. SARS-CoV-2 can affect other organs, including the kidneys. Kidney damage may be caused by alterations that occur during coronavirus infection. It seems that low-oxygen delivery to tissues like the kidney in the setting of this disease may lead to ischemic damage of the kidney. Considering the importance of the kidneys, as one, this review study aimed to investigate the effect of the new coronavirus on the kidneys and its role in the development of renal failure.
Keywords: Acute kidney injury, Infection, Coronavirus, COVID-19, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Game-based soft skills learning
Skills such as communication skills, problem solving, strategic thinking and adapting to new contexts are defined under the title of soft skills, which are also known as "behavioral skills". These types of skills are included in the category of non-technical skills (as opposed to hard skills) and are necessary for personal and professional success. By using game-based learning and using game mechanics, learning these skills can be made more attractive and effective. Serious games play a key role in developing soft skills (such as problem solving, planning, and analytical thinking) in the world of professional activity and work (1)
Clinical Manifestation and the Risk of Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
No abstract availabl
Chronic non-communicable diseases in the epidemic (COVID-19): Investigation of risk factors, control and care
Introduction: Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), global health problem and it is a threat to health and the development of countries. Currently, the number of people with COVID-19 as well as the resulting death toll is rising sharply worldwide. People with underlying diseases may be at greater risk.
Aim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the chronic non-communicable diseases in the epidemic (COVID-19): Investigation of risk factors, control and care.
Meterials and methods: To access the articles, including international databases Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase were searched using the keywords of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), chronic, risk factors, prevention and control, self-efficacy and self-care and their various combinations using AND/OR operators. No language restrictions were applied to the search process.
Results: Based on the evidence, NCDs, exacerbate the negative consequences of COVID-19. according to the results of this study, Among the patients admitted with COVID-19, The most common underlying diseases, were in these people, include, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), smoking, malignancy, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus. Obesity may be considered as a potential COVID-19 risk factor.
Conclusions: Although lifestyle, nutrition, and medical interventions are important for the early prevention of NCDs, having the tools and resources to use information more effectively is more important One of the determining and effective factors in maintaining health and preventing the aggravation of signs and symptoms of the disease COVID-19, especially in chronic diseases, is to perform self-care behaviors.
Keywords: COVID-19; NCDs; SARS-CoV-2; control measures; lifestyle; risk factors; self-care
Antimicrobial effect of chloroform Hibiscus sabdariffa extract on pathogenic bacteria
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract on oral and dental bacterial pathogens. Materials and Methods: In this study, the extract of H. sabdariffa was isolated by maceration with chloroform and concentrated by a rotary evaporator. The antimicrobial effects were examined using broth microdilution, and minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values were determined. Next, the effect of different concentrations of extract on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus salivarius was investigated by disc diffusion method. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software (SPSS Inc., 233 South Wacker Drive, 11th Floor, Chicago, IL 60606-6412), and the results were presented as mean (+/- standard deviation). Results: The results of this study showed that the chloroform extract of H. sabdariffa had inhibitory and bactericidal effects on three bacteria in both broth microdilution and disc diffusion methods. In broth microdilution, S. mutans and S. salivarius were more resistant to H. sabdariffa extract than S. pyogenes. In disc diffusion method, the highest inhibitory effect of the extract was observed on S. pyogenes at 25 mu g/ml with a growth inhibition zone diameter of 13.03 +/- 0.15 mm. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be argued that the chloroform extract of H. sabdariffa is effective in inhibiting S. pyogenes, S. mutans, and S. salivarius in both broth microdilution and disc diffusion methods
Exposures of zebrafish through diet to three environmentally relevant mixtures of PAHs produce behavioral disruptions in unexposed F1 and F2 descendant
The release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the environment has increased very substantially over the last decades. PAHs are hydrophobic molecules which can accumulate in high concentrations in sediments acting then as major secondary sources. Fish contamination can occur through contact or residence nearby sediments or though dietary exposure. In this study, we analyzed certain physiological traits in unexposed fish (F1) issued from parents (F0) exposed through diet to three PAH mixtures at similar and environmentally relevant concentrations but differing in their compositions. For each mixture, no morphological differences were observed between concentrations. An increase in locomotor activity was observed in larvae issued from fish exposed to the highest concentration of a pyrolytic (PY) mixture. On the contrary, a decrease in locomotor activity was observed in larvae issued from heavy oil mixture (HO). In the case of the third mixture, light oil (LO), a reduction of the diurnal activity was observed during the setup of larval activity. Behavioral disruptions persisted in F1-PY juveniles and in their offspring (F2). Endocrine disruption was analyzed using cyp19a1b:GFP transgenic line and revealed disruptions in PY and LO offspring. Since no PAH metabolites were dosed in larvae, these findings suggest possible underlying mechanisms such as altered parental signaling molecule and/or hormone transferred in the gametes, eventually leading to early imprinting. Taken together, these results indicate that physiological disruptions are observed in offspring of fish exposed to PAH mixtures through diet