Leadership of elite coaches: The relationship among philosophy, practice, and effectiveness criteria

Coaching philosophy is an important topic in both coaching literature and education. However, there is little research regarding the way that coaches’ philosophies translate into their practices. Additionally, there is very little information about the specific effectiveness criteria coaches use to evaluate their philosophies and practice. This study addresses the complex set of relationships among coaches’ philosophies, perceptions of their practice, and effectiveness criteria. Ten elite coaches were selected for the study (9 males; 1 female), all of whom had successful careers in their respective sports. The coaches responded to an interview guide that addressed the topics of philosophy, practice, and effectiveness criteria. Deductive and inductive data analysis procedures were used to organize the collected information. The results indicated four main themes: (a) the importance of athlete motivation, (b) the importance of building a relationship with athletes based on personal respect, (c) the presence of high levels of cohesion among the team, and (d) the need for formal and informal rules that regulate the team’s functioning. There were several areas in which coaches did not establish a relationship linking philosophy, practice, and effectiveness criteria. The results suggest the need to educate coaches regarding methods of establishing a relationship among their philosophies, their practices, and the effectiveness criteria they use to evaluate their performance as coaches.This study was partially conducted at Psychology Research Centre (UID/PSI/01662/2013), University of Minho, and supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology and the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education through national funds and co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE2020 under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement (POCI-01-0145FEDER-007653).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Concerns regarding hepatitis B vaccination and post-vaccination test among Brazilian dentists

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Hepatitis B infection is the major cause of acute and chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide and has long been recognized as an occupational hazard among dentists. The aim of the present study was to examine factors associated to the self-reporting of hepatitis B vaccination and immunization status among dentists working in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A cross-sectional survey was carried out with 1302 dentists in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. After signing a term of informed consent, the participants answered a structured questionnaire on their knowledge regarding their vaccination and immunization status against hepatitis B. Data on demographic, behavioural and occupational exposure aspects were also collected through questionnaires.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The results revealed that 73.8% of the dentists reported having received three doses of the vaccine. Multivariate analysis revealed that gender (p = 0.006), use of individual protective equipment (p = 0.021), history of blood transfusion (p = 0.024) and history of illicit drug use (p = 0.013) were independently associated with vaccination against hepatitis B. Only 14.8% had performed a post-vaccination test. The use of individual protective equipment (p = 0.038), dentists who asked patients about hepatitis during dental treatment (p < 0.001), a family history of hepatitis B (p = 0.003) and work experience (p < 0.05) were independently associated with the post-vaccination test.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Although there were a large number of vaccinated dentists in Belo Horizonte, the percentage was less than what was expected, as Brazil offers the National Program of Viral Hepatitis Vaccination, which provides free hepatitis B vaccinations to all healthcare workers. Despite being part of a high risk group for contamination, most of the dentists did not know their immunization status.</p

Factors associated with seroprevalence of hepatitis C among dentists at a large Brazilian city

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of the present study was to investigate the seroprevalence and sociodemographic data, health-related and occupational factors and other correlates of sero-posivity among dentists in the city of Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A cross-sectional survey was carried out with 1302 dentists in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. All dentists were tested for anti-HCV using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Individuals positive for anti-HCV were recalled for further evaluation. The presence of HCV RNA in anti-HCV-positive samples was assessed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data on demographic, behavioural and occupational exposure aspects were collected through questionnaires.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The seroprevalence of anti-HCV was 0.9% (95% IC 0.5-1.7%). The factors associated to the prevalence of hepatitis C were history of blood transfusion (p = 0.002) and having undergone a test for hepatitis C (p = 0.015).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The seroprevalence of anti-HCV among dentists is low. Moreover, no occupational exposure was associated to the seroprevalence of hepatitis C.</p

Paisagem do esquecimento na fronteira

O presente estudo se originou dos debates promovidos pela disciplina "Arquitetura da Paisagem", da Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, acerca das formas de apreensão da paisagem, especialmente da paisagem do esquecimento. O objetivo deste artigo é aplicar os critérios de avaliação e análise que identifiquem os tipos morfológicos no recorte do esquecimento, mediados pelas metodologias de Unidade de Paisagem e dos critérios de avaliação morfológica. A Paisagem do esquecimento escolhida se localiza nas cidades-gêmeas de Jaguarão e Rio Branco na fronteira Brasil-Uruguai, sendo o rastro do antigo conjunto ferroviário o protagonista na definição das Unidades de Paisagem. A análise das distintas formas de apagamento da antiga linha férrea, que conectava essas cidades-países desde 1932, denunciam os conflitos de ordem ambiental, social e urbana. A relação da dinâmica ferroviária carrega um imaginário em comum de sons, aromas e visuais que marcam a paisagem e a lembrança de determinado povo, possibilitando ler os rastros como pontos de resistência. A compartimentação da paisagem ao considerar não só os fatores geobiofísicos, mas também as dinâmicas regionais de uso e ocupação do solo imbricadas por fatores históricos, sociais, econômicos, culturais, políticos, garantiu o aprofundamento sobre as potencialidades e os conflitos territoriais, como: a fragmentação da paisagem, descontinuidade do desenho urbano, criação de áreas ociosas, o predomínio do abandono e algumas privatizações de uma memória coletiva

Adentrando um caso de violência entre portas: o caso declarado por “Rose”

Neste artigo busca-se descrever, analisar e debater as travessias percorridas por Rose em situação de violência doméstica e conjugal, tomando-se como referência o seu relato obtido a partir de atendimentos telefônicos realizados durante voluntariado junto a uma das diversas instituições portuguesas de atendimento e apoio às vítimas. Dialogando com contributos da Sociologia Pragmática, fenomenológica e hermenêutica, são ressaltados os atos de escuta e de fala dos respectivos envolvidos. Na comunicação imperam as incertezas, os silêncios, as interjeições, as pausas, os choros, entre outras emoções, que exemplificam as dificuldades de as pessoas nessas circunstâncias estarem devidamente equipadas para o exercício do direito e do dever de proteção, objetivos dos serviços de atendimento no período pandêmico de crise sanitária. Na verdade, o telefone constitui-se como (a) um dos principais canais — se não o único — de denúncia e apoio a essas vítimas; (b) um agenciador de ações; (c) porta de acesso a outras dimensões, incluindo a ruptura da violência

Macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata) cake from biodiesel processing: a low-cost substrate to produce lipases from Moniliella spathulata R25L270 with potential application in the oleochemical industry

[Background]: Biodiesel industry wastes were evaluated as supplements for lipase production by Moniliella spathulata R25L270, which is newly identified yeast with great lipolytic potential. Macaúba cake (MC), used for the first time in this work as inducer to produce lipases, and residual oil (RO) were mixed to maximise enzyme production. The lipase secreted was biochemically characterised.[Results]: The best ratio for the mixture (MC:RO) was 0.66:0.34 and the fitted values for lipase activity and total protein concentration were 0.98 U mL−1 and 0.356 mg mL−1, respectively. Maximum activity obtained (2.47 U mL−1) was achieved at 31.5°C and pH 6.7, and the enzyme was stable in this condition. A novel enzyme was purified and identified for the first time by mass spectrometry. The lipase efficiently hydrolysed different natural oils and exhibited selectivity in the production of eicosapentaenoic acid from fish oil.[Conclusion]: The use of MC and RO as a supplement to produce the new lipase from M. spathulata R25L270 may be one alternative for reducing lipase production costs and simultaneously adding value to biodiesel industry residues. The potential application of the lipase in the oleochemical industry was demonstrated by its pH and temperature stabilities and selective hydrolysis.This research was supported by Brazilian agencies: CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), INCT (Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia) de Nanomateriais de Carbono, FAPEMIG (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais), Rede Mineira de Toxinas com Ação Terapêutica and CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior).Peer reviewe

As enfermeiras-visitadoras em Sergipe e a difusão de saberes para o cuidado em saúde (1931-1939)

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar de que maneira ocorreu a formação e como era exercido o papel das enfermeiras-visitadoras sergipanas, dentro do contexto da Saúde Pública em Sergipe, destacando a importância da difusão das noções de higiene e dos cuidados com a saúde para a sociedade. Neste contexto, a enfermeira-visitadora fazia a conexão entre os domicílios e os serviços de saúde pública, pois adentrava as casas diariamente, ensinando os princípios de higiene, em uma tentativa de quebrar o ciclo de desenvolvimento das doenças presente nos lares. O marco temporal foi definido a partir das informações sobre a criação do curso de visitadoras no estado, em 1931, e a formatura da primeira turma, ocorrida em 1939. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza histórica e documental. Esta pesquisa apresenta a contribuição das enfermeiras-visitadoras, reforçando a necessidade de estudos sobre a educação feminina e suas complexidades, sobretudo na relação educação/saúde em Sergipe. Isso possibilita uma reflexão sobre a valorização da categoria, o reconhecimento dos protagonistas que tanto contribuíram para o desenvolvimento da profissão e da sociedade, além de reconstituir um capítulo da história da enfermagem sergipana

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI): Clinical, Laboratory and Genetic Characterization of Five Brazilian Patients

INTRODUCTION: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is characterized by a lack of response in the distal nephron to the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin. Manifestations include polyuria, polydipsia, hyposthenuria, recurrent episodes of dehydration and fever and growth failure. Most cases are caused by mutations in the AVPR2 gene. The mutant receptors are trapped intracellularly. METHOD: We studied five boys using clinical, laboratory and molecular data. The mean age at diagnosis was 14.6 months (range 6 to 24) and 12.2 years (7.8 to 19) after the follow-up period. The mean period of follow-up was 132.2 ± 50.9 months. RESULTS: The geometric means of the z-scores of weight and stature were -4.5 and -3.6, respectively, at diagnosis. At the last medical appointment, the z-scores of weight and stature were -0.3 and -0.9, respectively. Three patients were diagnosed with ureterohydronephrosis and exhibited increased post-void urine volume. Mutations in the AVPR2 gene were found in all patients, and the carrier status was confirmed in four of five cases. Two unrelated children presented identical mutations (S167L) in arginine vasopressin R2. Two of the patients had a mutation that has already been described in other Brazilian families (R337X), and one patient showed a de novo mutation (Y128D) in arginine vasopressin R2, since his mother's molecular analysis was normal. The recurrence risk for this family was significantly reduced. CONCLUSION: This study reports the clinical and laboratory characterization of Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and reiterates the importance of the genetic basis that underlies the disease diagnosis and genetic counseling

POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL: a importância de políticas públicas para às mulheres no setor da água

RESUMO: A crise ambiental observada nas últimas décadas gerou uma demanda pela participação da sociedade nos processos de gestão, visando contribuir com a melhoria do meio ambiente. Historicamente, as mulheres não estavam presentes na política tanto em relação as tomadas de decisões quanto como destinatárias específicas. Esse artigo teve como objetivo entender a importância da criação de políticas públicas para as mulheres no setor da água e a importância da participação delas nessa criação. Para atingir esse objetivo o procedimento utilizado foi o da revisão da literatura. Conclui-se que as mulheres são consideradas como as mais prejudicas pelas consequências da falta de acesso a água potável, e ao mesmo tempo pouco participam das tomadas de decisões em relação a água. Essa realidade foi construída historicamente, porque a água faz parte das tarefas domesticas, geralmente papel atribuído as mulheres. As mulheres fazem o transporte, armazenamento e utilizam a água nas atividades domésticas, o que ocasiona falta de tempo para realizarem outras atividades, seja participar das políticas públicas, trabalhar ou estudar. O transporte de água na cabeça por longas distâncias gera problemas de saúde, principalmente na coluna; aumenta a dependência econômica delas, já que é uma tarefa que demanda muito tempo e não é remunerada. E ainda, há os casos de violência sexual durante o percurso. Na lida com a água as mulheres acumulam experiências, conhecimentos e entendem prioridades. Escutar as mulheres na gestão pode possibilitar o desenvolvimento de políticas mais eficazes e inclusivas, além de respeitar as diretrizes constitucionais e legislações sobre a água

Differential Induction of Functional IgG Using the Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria Vaccine Candidate VAR2CSA

BACKGROUND: In Plasmodium falciparum malaria endemic areas placental malaria (PM) is an important complication of malaria. The recurrence of malaria in primigravidae women irrespective of acquired protection during childhood is caused by the interaction between the parasite-expressed VAR2CSA antigen and chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) in the placental intervillous space and lack of protective antibodies. PM impairs fetal development mainly by excessive inflammation processes. After infections during pregnancy women acquire immunity to PM conferred by antibodies against VAR2CSA. Ideally, a vaccine against PM will induce antibody-mediated immune responses that block the adhesion of infected erythrocytes (IE) in the placenta. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have previously shown that antibodies raised in rat against individual domains of VAR2CSA can block IE binding to CSA. In this study we have immunized mice, rats and rabbits with each individual domain and the full-length protein corresponding to the FCR3 VAR2CSA variant. We found there is an inherently higher immunogenicity of C-terminal domains compared to N-terminally located domains. This was irrespective of whether antibodies were induced against single domains or the full-length protein. Species-specific antibody responses were also found, these were mainly directed against single domains and not the full-length VAR2CSA protein. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Binding inhibitory antibodies appeared to be against conformational B-cell epitopes. Non-binding inhibitory antibodies reacted highly against the C-terminal end of the VAR2CSA molecule especially the highly polymorphic DBL6ε domain. Differential species-specific induction of antibody responses may allow for more direct analysis of functional versus non-functional B-cell epitopes