Osteoid osteoma in a metacarpal bone: literature review and case report

Osteoid osteomas are benign skeletal tumors; more than half of the lesions occur in lower extremity long bones, with very few cases reported in metacarpal bones. We presented the case of a patient at the plastic surgery department of a regional hospital, who presented with a tender tumor in the left hand over the past 2 years.

Epidemiology of mammal bite injuries: 5 year review of a level II regional referral hospital in Mexico city

Background: Animal bites are a common cause of primary care and emergency department attention worldwide. However, the incidence of this pathology among Mexican population is not well known. Plastic surgeons are at the forefront of initial attention and final outcome of these destructive wounds in our country. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of animal bites over a 5 year period at a level II general hospital in Mexico city. Objective of current study was to determine the incidence of animal bites in hospital “Rubén Leñero” in Mexico city over a 5-year periodMethods: Retrospective study; records of emergency room of all adult patients who sustained animal bites between January 2016 to December 2020 were collected. Details about age, gender, and location of the injuries were recorded and analyzed.Results: From a total of 277 cases, 273 were dog bites (98.56%) and 4 cat bites (1.44%), 173 males (62.45%) and 104 females (37.55%) were affected. The two most injured places in the human body were the hand with 98 cases (35.37%), followed by the lips in 45 cases (16.25%).Conclusions: Animal bites are a frequent injury in the primary care unit, representing a health issue in our country. Proper patient evaluation and treatments are essential to prevent further complications and subsequent infections. Further investigation will be required to establish risk factors for this pathology

QoSatAr: a cross-layer architecture for E2E QoS provisioning over DVB-S2 broadband satellite systems

This article presents QoSatAr, a cross-layer architecture developed to provide end-to-end quality of service (QoS) guarantees for Internet protocol (IP) traffic over the Digital Video Broadcasting-Second generation (DVB-S2) satellite systems. The architecture design is based on a cross-layer optimization between the physical layer and the network layer to provide QoS provisioning based on the bandwidth availability present in the DVB-S2 satellite channel. Our design is developed at the satellite-independent layers, being in compliance with the ETSI-BSM-QoS standards. The architecture is set up inside the gateway, it includes a Re-Queuing Mechanism (RQM) to enhance the goodput of the EF and AF traffic classes and an adaptive IP scheduler to guarantee the high-priority traffic classes taking into account the channel conditions affected by rain events. One of the most important aspect of the architecture design is that QoSatAr is able to guarantee the QoS requirements for specific traffic flows considering a single parameter: the bandwidth availability which is set at the physical layer (considering adaptive code and modulation adaptation) and sent to the network layer by means of a cross-layer optimization. The architecture has been evaluated using the NS-2 simulator. In this article, we present evaluation metrics, extensive simulations results and conclusions about the performance of the proposed QoSatAr when it is evaluated over a DVB-S2 satellite scenario. The key results show that the implementation of this architecture enables to keep control of the satellite system load while guaranteeing the QoS levels for the high-priority traffic classes even when bandwidth variations due to rain events are experienced. Moreover, using the RQM mechanism the user’s quality of experience is improved while keeping lower delay and jitter values for the high-priority traffic classes. In particular, the AF goodput is enhanced around 33% over the drop tail scheme (on average)

Long-term outcomes of the global tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection cohort

Background: Longitudinal cohort data of patients with tuberculosis (TB) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are lacking. In our global study, we describe long-term outcomes of patients affected by TB and COVID-19. Methods: We collected data from 174 centres in 31 countries on all patients affected by COVID-19 and TB between 1 March 2020 and 30 September 2022. Patients were followed-up until cure, death or end of cohort time. All patients had TB and COVID-19; for analysis purposes, deaths were attributed to TB, COVID-19 or both. Survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional risk-regression models, and the log-rank test was used to compare survival and mortality attributed to TB, COVID-19 or both. Results: Overall, 788 patients with COVID-19 and TB (active or sequelae) were recruited from 31 countries, and 10.8% (n=85) died during the observation period. Survival was significantly lower among patients whose death was attributed to TB and COVID-19 versus those dying because of either TB or COVID-19 alone (p<0.001). Significant adjusted risk factors for TB mortality were higher age (hazard ratio (HR) 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.07), HIV infection (HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.02-5.16) and invasive ventilation (HR 4.28, 95% CI 2.34-7.83). For COVID-19 mortality, the adjusted risks were higher age (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.04), male sex (HR 2.21, 95% CI 1.24-3.91), oxygen requirement (HR 7.93, 95% CI 3.44-18.26) and invasive ventilation (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.36-3.53). Conclusions: In our global cohort, death was the outcome in >10% of patients with TB and COVID-19. A range of demographic and clinical predictors are associated with adverse outcomes

Competencia para la Alfabetización en el Manejo de la Información

1.Información general que describe el contenido del objeto de aprendizaje. 2.Evaluación diagnóstica para conocer lo que saben del tema. 3.Desarrollo del contenido por temas, los cuales se estructuran a partir de: introducción, objetivos, actividad inicial, desarrollo del contenido, actividad final y recursos de apoyo. Los temas que se desarrollan son: a) ¿Qué significa la competencia en el manejo de la información?, b) ¿Por qué es importante la competencia?, c) ¿Cómo puedo aprender la competencia?, d) ¿Cómo puedo aplicar la competencia? Y e) ¿Cómo puedo autoevaluar mi aprendizaje de la competencia en el manejo de la información? 4.Evaluación final para conocer lo que se aprendió una vez que se ha interactuado con el objeto de aprendizaje. 5.Referencias que dan argumento al contenido del objeto de aprendizaje. 6.Créditos de quienes participaron en la elaboración del objeto de aprendizaje

Competencia para la Alfabetización en el Manejo de la Información

1.Información general que describe el contenido del objeto de aprendizaje. 2.Evaluación diagnóstica para conocer lo que saben del tema. 3.Desarrollo del contenido por temas, los cuales se estructuran a partir de: introducción, objetivos, actividad inicial, desarrollo del contenido, actividad final y recursos de apoyo. Los temas que se desarrollan son: a) ¿Qué significa la competencia en el manejo de la información?, b) ¿Por qué es importante la competencia?, c) ¿Cómo puedo aprender la competencia?, d) ¿Cómo puedo aplicar la competencia? Y e) ¿Cómo puedo autoevaluar mi aprendizaje de la competencia en el manejo de la información? 4.Evaluación final para conocer lo que se aprendió una vez que se ha interactuado con el objeto de aprendizaje. 5.Referencias que dan argumento al contenido del objeto de aprendizaje. 6.Créditos de quienes participaron en la elaboración del objeto de aprendizaje

Distribution of halogens between fluid and apatite during fluid-mediated replacement processes

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Apatite (Ca5(PO4)3(OH, F, Cl)) is one of the main host of halogens in magmatic and metamorphic rocks and plays a unique role during fluid-rock interaction as it incorporates halogens (i.e. F, Cl, Br, I) and OH from hydrothermal fluids to form a ternary solid solution of the endmembers F-apatite, Cl-apatite and OH-apatite. Here, we present an experimental study to investigate the processes during interaction of Cl-apatite with different aqueous solutions (KOH, NaCl, NaF of different concentration also doped with NaBr, NaI) at crustal conditions (400-700°C and 0.2GPa) leading to the formation of new apatite. We use the experimental results to calculate partition coefficients of halogens between apatite and fluid. Due to a coupled dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism new apatite is always formed as a pseudomorphic replacement of Cl-apatite. Additionally, some experiments produce new apatite also as an epitaxial overgrowth. The composition of new apatite is mainly governed by complex characteristics of the fluid phase from which it is precipitating and depends on composition of the fluid, temperature and fluid to mineral ratio. Furthermore, replaced apatite shows a compositional zonation, which is attributed to a compositional evolution of the coexisting fluid in local equilibrium with the newly formed apatite. Apatite/fluid partition coefficients for F depend on the concentration of F in the fluid and increase from 75 at high concentrations (460µg/g F) to 300 at low concentrations (46µg/g F) indicating a high compatibility of F in apatite. A correlation of Cl-concentration in apatite with Cl- concentration of fluid is not observed for experiments with highly saline solutions, composition of new apatite is rather governed by OH- concentration of the hydrothermal fluid.Low partition coefficients were measured for the larger halogens Br and I and vary between 0.7*10-3-152*10-3 for Br and 0.3*10-3-17*10-3 for I, respectively. Br seems to have D values of about one order of magnitude higher than I. These data allow an estimation of the D values for the other halogens based on a lattice strain model which displays a sequence with DF of ~120, DOH of ~100, DCl of ~2.3 DBr ~0.045, and DI ~0.0025. Results from this experimental study help to better understand fluid-rock interaction of an evolving fluid, as it enables the composition of hydrothermally derived apatite to be used as a fluid probe for halogens at crustal conditions. It further shows the importance of mineral replacement as one of the key reactions to generate apatite of different composition