Responsiveness of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is related to dental treatment complexity

Abstract\ud \ud Background\ud The responsiveness of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) has varied greatly across studies; hence, we hypothesized that this discrepancy could be related to the complexity of dental treatment received. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the responsiveness of the ECOHIS to changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) following dental treatments of varying complexity in preschool children.\ud \ud \ud Methods\ud Preschool children aged 3 to 6 years were selected; their parents responded to the ECOHIS at baseline. The parents responded to the ECOHIS again and a global transition question 30 days after the children were treated. The type of treatment received by the children was categorized according to complexity, as follows: 1) non-operative treatment only, 2) restorative treatment, and 3) endodontic treatment and/or tooth extraction. Change scores and effect sizes (ES) were calculated for total scores, as well as considering the different treatment types and global transition question responses.\ud \ud \ud Results\ud Of the 152 children who completed the study, the ECOHIS yielded large ES for total scores (0.89). The children showed increasing ES values associated with better perception of improvement, assessed by the global transition question. The magnitude of ES after treatment was related to treatment complexity (0.53, 0.92 and 1.43, for children who received non-operative treatment only, restorative treatment, and endodontic treatment and/or tooth extraction, respectively).\ud \ud \ud Conclusions\ud Parents whose children required more complex dental treatment are more likely to perceive treatment-related changes to OHRQoL assessed with the ECOHIS.The study was funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico\ud e Tecnológico – CNPq (Grants # 471817/2012–0 and 306,304/2015–5),\ud Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo – FAPESP (Grant #\ud 2012/24243–7), and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível\ud Superior (CAPES)

Qualitative research : analysis types and software tools

xi, 330 p.; 24 cm

Tesch, Renata, Emerging Themes: The Researchers\u27 Experience, Phenomenology+Pedagogy, 5(No. 3, 1987), 230-241.*

Discusses the identification of themes and patterns in phenomenological data

Ethnography and Qualitative Design in Educational Research /

2nd ed.Bibliogr.: p. 357-408Index: p. 409-42

Comparação do Perfil de Dependentes Químicos Internados em uma Unidade de Dependência Química de Porto Alegre/RS em 2002 e 2006

Background: Studies on the use of psychoactive substances have been focused on identifying risk and protective factors related to this behavior based on the definition of the epidemiologic profile of such populations. The objective of the present study is to compare the profiles of samples of chemical dependent patients hospitalized at a Detoxification Unit (DU) in Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 2002 with the patients hospitalized in 2006. Method: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective study. The research was carried out using medical records. We used a convenience sample divided into two groups: 1) all patients hospitalized at the DU from September to December 2006 (n=118); 2) all patients hospitalized at the same Unit from April to May 2002 (n=202). Results: There was a significant increase in the use of marijuana, inhaled cocaine and crack and a decrease in the use of solvents; there was no change concerning the use of alcohol and injected cocaine. It is important to mention the increase in the prevalence of crack users, which increased from 21.8% to 61.9%. There was a decrease of almost 30% in the number of alcoholics who did not use other psychoactive substances except for tobacco in the 2006 sample. Psychiatric comorbidities were quite prevalent, and we can highlight a significant increase in the number of patients with personality disorders. Conclusion: We conclude that the profile of chemical dependents hospitalized for detoxification is changing; therefore, it is important that new therapeutic strategies are planned in order to better assist this population.Introdução: As pesquisas relativas ao uso de substâncias psicoativas têm se direcionado para levantar fatores de risco e proteção para este comportamento, a partir da definição do perfil epidemiológico destas populações. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar os perfis das amostras de pacientes dependentes químicos que internaram em uma Unidade de Desintoxicação (UD) de Porto Alegre/RS em 2002 com os que internam em 2006. Método: O delineamento é transversal, retrospectivo, sendo realizada pesquisa em prontuários. A amostra é por conveniência, composta por dois grupos: 1) todos os pacientes internados na UD, do mês de setembro ao mês de dezembro de 2006 (n=118); 2) todos os pacientes internados nesta mesma unidade, nos meses de abril e maio de 2002 (n=202). Resultados: Houve um aumento significativo no uso de maconha, cocaína inalada e crack e uma diminuição no uso de solventes, não havendo mudanças quanto ao uso de álcool e cocaína injetável. Destaca-se o aumento da prevalência de dependentes de crack internados que subiu de 21,8% para 61,9%. Houve uma diminuição de quase 30% no número de alcoolistas que não usavam outras substâncias psicoativas, salvo o tabaco, na amostra de 2006. As comorbidades psiquiátricas foram bastante prevalentes, destacando-se um aumento significativo de pacientes com Transtornos de Personalidade. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o perfil dos dependentes químicos que internam para desintoxicação está se modificando, sendo importante que sejam delineadas novas estratégias terapêuticas para o melhor atendimento desta clientel

Novel Potent Imidazo[1,2-<i>a</i>]pyridine-<i>N</i>-Glycinyl-Hydrazone Inhibitors of TNF-α Production: <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Studies

<div><p>In this work, we describe the design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-N-glycinyl-hydrazone derivatives (1a–k) intended for use as inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production. The compounds were designed based on the orally active anti-inflammatory prototype LASSBio-1504 (2), which decreases the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro pharmacological evaluation of the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compounds (1) showed that substitution of the N-phenylpyrazole core present in prototype 2 by a bioisosteric imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine scaffold generated anti-TNF-α compounds that were more potent than the previously described N-phenylpyrazole derivative 2 and as potent as SB-203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor. The most active derivative (E)-2-(2-tert-butylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-ylamino)-N’-(4-chlorobenzylidene) acetohydrazide, or LASSBio-1749 (1i) was orally active as an anti-inflammatory agent in a subcutaneous air pouch model, reducing expressively the levels in vivo of TNF-α and other pro-inflammatory cytokines at all of the tested doses.</p></div