Residents’ perceptions of tourism activity in a rural North-Eastern Portuguese community: a cluster analysis

The recognition of the role of tourism planners in seeking to contribute to local residents’ well-being by mitigating the potential costs of tourism development has been given more attention in the last decades. Several studies on the perception of positive or negative impacts, based on sustainability (namely the three pillars: economic, sociocultural and environmental) have been developed. However, the studies have been somewhat limited in terms of approaches, namely with respect to the contribution and participation of stakeholders. In this study, we attempted to use a bidirectional analysis of involvement and tourism knowledge to segment the residents and analyse their perception of the impacts. A total of 373 valid surveys were applied in a rural mountainous municipality (Boticas) during 2015 and 2016. In this municipality, tourism (activity) is an emergent activity. The results show that more informed and more involved residents have more positive perceptions of tourism than other groups, while less informed and less involved residents have more negative perceptions of it. The study contributes to increasing the knowledge about residents’ perceptions of tourism, adding the aspects of involvement, especially in rural areas. This type of proposal can be applied to any destination to help manage residents’ opinions and, consequently, their support of tourism development. Keywords: rural tourism; perceptions; segmentation; clusters; rural development; botica

Issues on the residents’ perceptions of the impacts of tourism development: the case-study of Guimarães

In recent years peripheral regions, such as Guimarães, in the Northwest of Portugal, has been experiencing the expansion of its tourism industry. This occurred, may be, as part of the wish felt by a large number of tourists of reaching “unspoilt†landscapes and more “authentical†experiences (Nepal, 2008). After the nomination by U.N.E.S.C.O., in 2001, of its historical centre as world heritage, the city of Guimarães is now in the process of hosting the 2012 European Capital of Culture. These recent facts helped to reinforce its external visibility and cultural significance and put it in the trail to become a more consolidated cultural tourism destination. This paper aims presenting a few results of a survey that envisaged capturing the Guimarães residents’ perceptions of tourism effects and attitudes regarding the tourists. The survey was implemented between January and March 2010 to a convenience sample of 540 inhabitants of the municipality of Guimarães. The results show that the Guimarães` residents keep a strong positive perception of the tourism benefits. The more or less favourable perception of tourism impacts the survey respondents kept are strongly correlated with some demographic features, such as age, gender and level of education. As expected, we got a more positive perception among the younger cohorts of age and the ones endowed with a higher level of education.

Comparative analysis, in vitro, of efficiency of four systems of endodontic retreatment

Objetivos: A remoção completa do material obturador canalar de forma segura e eficiente é o principal objetivo do retratamento endodôntico não cirúrgico. O propósito deste estudo in vitro é comparar a eficácia de quatro sistemas de retratamento. Materiais e Métodos: Oitenta dentes monocanalares, com tratamento endodôntico prévio, foram selecionados para este estudo e divididos em quatro grupos (n=20). Os grupos foram divididos de acordo com o sistema em teste: dois grupos com sistema reciprocante - Grupo 1: Reciproc® e Grupo 2: WaveOne®; e dois grupos com sistema de rotação contínua - Grupo 3: ProTaper Universal Retreatment® e Grupo 4: One Shape®. Todos os dentes foram radiografados, antes e após remoção do matéria obturador com duas incidências – vestíbulo-palatina e mesio-distal – usando um dispositivo personalizado e um sistema de radiografias digital. A área total inicial do material obturador foi medida assim como a área de material remanescente recorrendo ao software de análise Adobe Photoshop CC 2017®. Os dados obtidos foram colocados em tabelas do Microsoft Excel e analisados estatisticamente recorrendo ao GraphPad Prism® versão 5.00 para Windows, GraphPad Software, San Diego Califórnia. O nível de significância foi fixado em 5% para todos os testes (p < 0,05). Resultados: Não existiram diferenças significativas entre os grupos; no entanto, o grupo WaveOne®demonstrou maiores valores de redução, seguido pelo grupo Reciproc®, grupo Protaper Universal Retreatment® e finalmente o grupo One Shape® que demonstrou a menor percentagem de redução. Conclusões: Este estudo demonstrou que nenhum dos sistemas testados foi capaz de remover completamente o material obturador; no entanto, os sistemas reciprocantes demonstraram ser mais eficientes que os sistemas de rotação contínua.Objective: Complete removal of the root canal filling material securely and efficiently is the main objective of the nonsurgical endodontic retreatment. The purpose of this in vitro study is to compare the effectiveness of four systems of endodontic retreatment.. Material and Methods: Eighty single root teeth with previous endodontic treatment were selected for this study and divided into four groups (= 20). The groups were divided according to the system of retreatment using. Two groups with reciprocating system: Group 1 – Reciproc® and Group 2 – WaveOne®; and two groups with continuous rotation system: Group 3-ProTaper® Retreatment Universal and Group 4 – One Shape®. All teeth were radiographed before and after removal of the filling material with two incidences – bucco-lingual and mesio-distal – using a custom made platform and a digital radiographic system. The total area of the initial filling material was measured as well as the area of remaining material using the analysis software Adobe Photoshop CC 2017®. The data, were collected into Microsoft Excel tables and then statistical analysed using GraphPad Prism® version 5.00 for Windows, GraphPad Software, San Diego Califórnia. The level of significance was set at 5% for all the tests (p < 0.05). Results: No significant statistical differences between groups were found; however, the Group WaveOne®showed higher values of reduction, followed by Group Reciproc®, group Protaper Universal Retreatment® and group One Shape® that showed the smallest percentage of reduction. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that none of the tested systems were able to remove completely the filling material; nevertheless, reciprocating systems proved more efficient than continuous rotation systems

Comparative analysis, in vitro, of efficiency of four systems of endodontic retreatment

Objetivos: A remoção completa do material obturador canalar de forma segura e eficiente é o principal objetivo do retratamento endodôntico não cirúrgico. O propósito deste estudo in vitro é comparar a eficácia de quatro sistemas de retratamento. Materiais e Métodos: Oitenta dentes monocanalares, com tratamento endodôntico prévio, foram selecionados para este estudo e divididos em quatro grupos (n=20). Os grupos foram divididos de acordo com o sistema em teste: dois grupos com sistema reciprocante - Grupo 1: Reciproc® e Grupo 2: WaveOne®; e dois grupos com sistema de rotação contínua - Grupo 3: ProTaper Universal Retreatment® e Grupo 4: One Shape®. Todos os dentes foram radiografados, antes e após remoção do matéria obturador com duas incidências – vestíbulo-palatina e mesio-distal – usando um dispositivo personalizado e um sistema de radiografias digital. A área total inicial do material obturador foi medida assim como a área de material remanescente recorrendo ao software de análise Adobe Photoshop CC 2017®. Os dados obtidos foram colocados em tabelas do Microsoft Excel e analisados estatisticamente recorrendo ao GraphPad Prism® versão 5.00 para Windows, GraphPad Software, San Diego Califórnia. O nível de significância foi fixado em 5% para todos os testes (p < 0,05). Resultados: Não existiram diferenças significativas entre os grupos; no entanto, o grupo WaveOne®demonstrou maiores valores de redução, seguido pelo grupo Reciproc®, grupo Protaper Universal Retreatment® e finalmente o grupo One Shape® que demonstrou a menor percentagem de redução. Conclusões: Este estudo demonstrou que nenhum dos sistemas testados foi capaz de remover completamente o material obturador; no entanto, os sistemas reciprocantes demonstraram ser mais eficientes que os sistemas de rotação contínua.Objective: Complete removal of the root canal filling material securely and efficiently is the main objective of the nonsurgical endodontic retreatment. The purpose of this in vitro study is to compare the effectiveness of four systems of endodontic retreatment.. Material and Methods: Eighty single root teeth with previous endodontic treatment were selected for this study and divided into four groups (= 20). The groups were divided according to the system of retreatment using. Two groups with reciprocating system: Group 1 – Reciproc® and Group 2 – WaveOne®; and two groups with continuous rotation system: Group 3-ProTaper® Retreatment Universal and Group 4 – One Shape®. All teeth were radiographed before and after removal of the filling material with two incidences – bucco-lingual and mesio-distal – using a custom made platform and a digital radiographic system. The total area of the initial filling material was measured as well as the area of remaining material using the analysis software Adobe Photoshop CC 2017®. The data, were collected into Microsoft Excel tables and then statistical analysed using GraphPad Prism® version 5.00 for Windows, GraphPad Software, San Diego Califórnia. The level of significance was set at 5% for all the tests (p < 0.05). Results: No significant statistical differences between groups were found; however, the Group WaveOne®showed higher values of reduction, followed by Group Reciproc®, group Protaper Universal Retreatment® and group One Shape® that showed the smallest percentage of reduction. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that none of the tested systems were able to remove completely the filling material; nevertheless, reciprocating systems proved more efficient than continuous rotation systems

Residents’ perception of tourism: a systematic review from 1978 to 2019

Residents are crucial stakeholders in tourism development and their perceptions towards this activity have been studied since the 1970s. Since then, studies in this area have expanded considerably, including review papers. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate this evolution and to explore critically methodologies applied in studies about residents ́ perceptions towards tourism between 1978 and 2019 and published in the ten most impactful tourism journals according to the Scimago Journal Ranking (2018). In a total of 260 papers, the main results showed that Tourism Management was the journal with the largest number of papers published. Most studies were quantitative in nature and atheoretical. The Social Exchange Theory has been the theory most frequently applied to date. The papers focused on residents ́ perceptions, specifically in tourism destinations, natural areas, events and mega-events. New lines of research in future studies about this subject are suggested to provide new perspectives in this study area.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mercado social y programas de VIH / SIDA en Ghana

El propósito de este estudio es analizar algunas de las tendencias del VIH/SIDA en Ghana (África) y las intervenciones como la integración del Objetivo 6 de Desarrollo del Milenio y la noción de cómo el marketing social ha llegado a definirse y utilizarse para influir en el cambio de comportamiento. Al ser un estudio epistemológico, nos basamos en los métodos cualitativos principalmente utilizando el análisis de las obras publicadas y los informes. La respuesta al VIH/SIDA en Ghana puede ser resumido de la promoción de políticas, promoción, y un entorno propicio. Otras respuestas son la mitigación de los impactos sociales, culturales, legales y económicos del VIH/SIDA y el comportamiento de comunicación de mensajes de cambio, así como a proporcionar tratamiento, atención y realización de investigación, vigilancia, seguimiento y evaluación del VIH/SIDA. Dentro de los cinco años de la implementación de los ODM, Ghana estuvo a punto de alcanzar meta de los ODM, pero la tendencia de la prevalencia sufrió un duro revés, aunque el ODM 6 que se puede lograr si los esfuerzos son potencialmente sostenidos

O legado de Guimarães Capital Europeia da Cultura de 2012: a leitura dos residentes e dos visitantes

COMPETE 2020, Portugal 202, FEDER, FCTEste trabalho tem o apoio financeiro do Projeto Lab2PT – Laboratório de Paisagens, Património e Território – AUR/04509 e da FCT através de fundos nacionais e quando aplicável do cofinanciamento do FEDER, no âmbito dos novos acordos de parceria PT2020 e COMPETE 2020 – POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007528info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio