Food Waste Reduction in Oslo’ Restaurants: an approach toward Sustainability

Mastergradsoppgave i innovasjon, med fordypning i organisasjon og ledelseIn the current era, the climate change and environmental sustainability are the most challenging issues and objectives. For this purpose, the sustainable development is required to combat climate change and to adapt environmental sustainability. So, organizational and businesses innovations for sustainable development can contribute in this battle. There is so much research which has already been done on the organizational innovations for sustainable development but, there is not much literature regarding businesses innovations to achieve sustainability especially in the restaurants businesses for the management and reduction of food wastage. The reduction of food waste in restaurants is very important to contribute to sustainable development in order to overcome climate change and environmental issues because; food waste has diverse negative environmental, social and economical consequences. This thesis aims are to understand and find that, what are the reasons behind the food wastage in the restaurants of Oslo and making strategies and finding out the practices through which the restaurants of Oslo can reduce the food wastage if they implement those strategies and practices. There are ten interviews from ten different restaurants conducted for this thesis. The data collected through the semi-structured interviews provide the insight into the current state of food waste sources and thinking attitudes regarding food waste of the owners and management of the restaurants. Although, all the restaurants implement some kind of practices and processes at a certain level to reduce the food waste in their respective businesses but it varies among the restaurants due to the knowledge and awareness of the owners and top management about the food waste’s impacts on the environment, society and economy. Polishing the professional and managerial abilities of the owners and management of the restaurants and educating them, making legislations and granting funds for food waste management at government level, staff training working in the kitchens in restaurants and making them aware and responsible for environment and society are the main factors that can trigger the processes for food waste reduction in restaurants

Analysis of Inconsistent Routing Components in Reactive Routing Protocols

In reactive routing protocols, additional routing information is often collected to reduce the response time and the overhead of the future routing demands. However, these protocols do not have any mechanism to refresh this routing information and soon it become obsolete. Therefore, routing components based on this prior-to-demand collected information are not consistent with the reactive nature of the protocol. In this work, we have identified such inconsistent components in AODV routing protocol and have analyzed their effect. Our simulation based analysis has revealed that the presence and use of stale routing information degrades the protocol performance. However, if the dependency of protocol operations on this obsolete information is reduced, the protocol performs better in terms of overhead and packet delivery ratio

Frequency of Congenital Heart Disease in Patients with Down Syndrome

OBJECTIVES Frequency of congenital heart disease in patients with Down syndrome.METHODOLOGY This study was conducted in Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar from 10th May 2021 to 9th November 2021. A total of 377 patients of age 1 to 10 years and both gender were included in the study. Those with already diagnosed cases of congenital heart disease and dysmorphic features other than Down syndrome were excluded from the study. All patients were undergone echocardiography and patient with PDA, VSD, ASD, ASVSD, and TOF were labeled as having congenital heart diseases.RESULTSMean age was 5.96 ±1.954, Males were 176 (46.7%) while females were 201 (53.3%), Mean birth weight was 3.45 ± 0.801 kg, Mean age of the mother was 38.25 ± 6.797 years, Congenital heart diseases were present in 157 (41.6%) of the patient while it was not present in 220 (58.4%) of patients, there was no association between congenital heart disease and age of mother, age of the child, sex of child or weight of the child (P >0.05).CONCLUSIONCongenital heart disease is very common in patients with Down syndrome. It is recommended that at the time of diagnosis of this disease, the patient should be screened for congenital heart disease

Social media usage in academic research

Recently researchers have used “conversation prism” and “social media prisma”, to consolidate social medias with respect to their use. Although both identified 25 types, having average five examples each, they did not identify contribution of each type in academic research. Moreover some of mentioned social services had been suspended or changed. In this paper we attempt to access each social media mentioned in conversation prism in order to first, identify services that are operational to date, services which have suspended and those which have changed during course of time. Second, we compare number of publications associated with each social media, in order to identify which social media has contributed most to academic research. Third, we attempt to find correlation between number of publications and development tools provided by respective social applications. Fourth, social medias are ranked with respect to number of times other social medias share content with respective social application. It was found that out of 168 social applications, 10% changed their service objective while 13% were suspended. Among all social application, AMAZON had highest i.e. 147,000 number of citations on Google scholar whereas 90.7% of total citations were contributed by top 30 social medias. For developers, 22 out of top 30 social medias provided developer options in form of either application programming interface (API) or software development kits (SDK) and Facebook was found to be most cross referred social media based on content sharing. Finally conclusion and future work of study is presented

Designing and Development of a Data Logging and Monitoring Tool

Since the mid 90's computer communication has become more and more common in cars and other auto mobiles. CAN based networks with sensors transmitting small data packets are utilized in the automotive industry to operate and supervise vehicles' functionality. To ease communication several higher layer protocols for CAN based networks have been developed. In some applications it is necessary to exchange information between networks using different protocols, and by connecting the two networks to a gateway, the information is translated and forwarded and intercommunication is enabled. This master thesis is conducted at Torqeedo GmbH, Munich. Theme of the thesis was “Designing and Development of a Data Logging and Monitoring Tool”. Term “data logging” refers to the gathering or collection of specific data over a period of time. Monitoring means evaluate the data we are logging. Tools for data logging and monitoring are used in variant application these days. In medical, in-vehicle data logging and environment monitoring. This data could be voltage, current temperature, Time stump, heartbeat of the patient, vehicle fuel level etc. To capture and log data various communication channels used. Such channel varies from simple data cable to satellite link. There are variant protocols used for different communication channels. For our DBHS logging and monitoring tool we are using CANopen protocol. Main goal of this thesis is to develop a tool which can make debugging easy and log connection box data so we can use logged data later on for offline data analysis and simulation purposes

Brain controlled human robot interface

This Paper emphasizes on the ever increasing need of better communication medium between a human and a robot in order to control it precisely. Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is the most suitable mean of communication between them, especially for the rehabilitation of disabled people and for accomplishment of sophisticated tasks like surgery, rehabilitation and operations etc. This paper in depth reviews the state of-the-art of BCI systems for robotics which can be named as Brain Robot Interface (BRI). Various BRIs reported in the literature have been presented by categorizing them. The past, present and future of the subject area has been discussed in detail. Finally, the paper comments on contribution of BCI in the area of robotics. © 2012 IEEE