Sincronização do estro de novilhas caprinas mestiças com PGF2a: dose e sub-dose em duas vias de aplicação.

Atualmente avalia-se a viabilidade de diferentes protocolos de sincronização do estro com PGF2a isolada, na redução de custos; buscando dose e via de aplicação eficazes, ampliando sua utilização na reprodução animal (FRAZÃO et al,2006). O emprego de sub-doses de PGF2a aplicadas intravulvarmente tem sido uma alternativa para reduzir custos. MGONGO (1988) verificou que, a redução nos níveis de progesterona sangüíneos, em cabras após aplicação de 125 mg de cloprostenol, via intramuscular, era semelhante àquela verificadas em fêmeas que receberam sub-dose (62,5 mg) por via submucosa vulvar. HEAP et al. (1985) demonstraram que a rapidez de difusão da PGF2a produzida no útero em direção aos ovários era devido, principalmente, aos sistemas linfático e sangüíneo locais, o que justifica a aplicação vulvar de drogas luteolíticas. O trabalho objetivou avaliar a eficiência da PGF2a na indução do estro constatada pela taxa de prenhez de novilhas caprinas após inseminação artificial utilizando duas doses de cloprostenol, aplicadas via intramuscular (IM) ou intramuscular vulvar (IMV)

Black Foot of Grapevine : Sensitivity of Cylindrocarpon destructans to Fungicides

Black foot disease of grapevine is caused by Cylindrocarpon spp., with C. destructans being the main pathogen isolated from vine cuttings and young vineyards in Portugal. Few recommendations for black foot disease control are presently available, and they are not easy to implement within commercial nurseries. In this study, 14 fungicides were evaluated for their effect on the mycelial growth and conidium germination of four field isolates of C. destructans. Mycelial growth of the pathogen was inhibited by DMI fungicides, prochloraz (EC50 value

Influence of a Physiologically Formed Blood Clot on Pre-Osteoblastic Cells Grown on a BMP-7-Coated Nanoporous Titanium Surface

Titanium (Ti) nanotopography modulates the osteogenic response to exogenous bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) in vitro, supporting enhanced alkaline phosphatase mRNA expression and activity, as well as higher osteopontin (OPN) mRNA and protein levels. As the biological effects of OPN protein are modulated by its proteolytic cleavage by serum proteases, this in vitro study evaluated the effects on osteogenic cells in the presence of a physiological blood clot previously formed on a BMP-7-coated nanostructured Ti surface obtained by chemical etching (Nano-Ti). Pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured during 5 days on recombinant mouse (rm) BMP-7-coated Nano-Ti after it was implanted in adult female C57BI/6 mouse dorsal dermal tissue for 18 h. Nano-Ti without blood clot or with blood clot at time 0 were used as the controls. The presence of blood clots tended to inhibit the expression of key osteoblast markers, except for Opn, and rmBMP-7 functionalization resulted in a tendency towards relatively greater osteoblastic differentiation, which was corroborated by runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) amounts. Undetectable levels of OPN and phosphorylated suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) 1/5/9 were noted in these groups, and the cleaved form of OPN was only detected in the blood clot immediately prior to cell plating. In conclusion, the strategy to mimic in vitro the initial interfacial in vivo events by forming a blood clot on a Ti nanoporous surface resulted in the inhibition of pre-osteoblastic differentiation, which was minimally reverted with an rmBMP-7 coating

Mitochondrial- and Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathogenesis to Biomarkers

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, affecting several million of people worldwide. Pathological changes in the AD brain include the presence of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, loss of neurons and synapses, and oxidative damage. These changes strongly associate with mitochondrial dysfunction and stress of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mitochondrial dysfunction is intimately linked to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial-driven apoptosis, which appear to be aggravated in the brain of AD patients. Concomitantly, mitochondria are closely associated with ER, and the deleterious crosstalk between both organelles has been shown to be involved in neuronal degeneration in AD. Stimuli that enhance expression of normal and/or folding-defective proteins activate an adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR) that, if unresolved, can cause apoptotic cell death. ER stress also induces the generation of ROS that, together with mitochondrial ROS and decreased activity of several antioxidant defenses, promotes chronic oxidative stress. In this paper we discuss the critical role of mitochondrial and ER dysfunction in oxidative injury in AD cellular and animal models, as well as in biological fluids from AD patients. Progress in developing peripheral and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers related to oxidative stress will also be summarized

Avaliação de cultivares de gergelim no outono - inverno na região Norte-Fluminense.

bitstream/CNPA/18341/1/BOLETIM73.pd

Heritability of motor skills: Study with monozygotic and dizygotic twins

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el poder relativo de contribución genética y ambiental de la variación de capacidades motoras en gemelos monocigóticos y dicigóticos. Método: participado 88 sujetos divididos en 56 monocigóticos y 32 dicigóticos de ambos sexos. Para la evaluación de la flexibilidad fue realizado el test de flexión de cadera; para la potencia de miembros inferiores fue aplicado el test contra movimiento y para la velocidad de desplazamiento, el test de carrera de 30m. Para determinar el índice de heredabilidad, utilizamos la ecuación: (h²) = (S²DZ–S²MZ)/S²DZx100. Fue utilizado tratamiento descriptivo y el test Shapiro-Wilk. Con la varianza de datos fueron calculados valores de tendencia central. Los datos fueron categorizados en percentiles de 25%. Resultados: flexibilidad 16%, velocidad de desplazamiento 83% y potencia de los miembros inferiores 70%.Conclusión: Fue evidenciado mayor heredabilidad para las variables de potencia y velocidad, y mayor influencia ambiental para la flexibilidadThe aim of the study was to assess the relative power of genetic and environmental contributions to the variation of motor skills in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Method: For this study, participated 88 people divided in 56 monozygotic and 32 dizygotic twins of both sexes. For the assessment the flexibility, was performed hip flexion test, for assessment the lower limb power, was applied the test against movement and the speed of movement, the 30m running test. To determine the index of heritability, was used an equation: (h ²) = (S ²MZ- S²DZ) / S²DZx100. For the statistic, was used the descriptive treatment and Shapiro-Wilk test. The variance values were calculated, through the tendency central values. Data were categorized into percentiles of 25%. Results: Flexibility was 16% by heritability influence, speed of movement 83% of influence and for the lower limbs power were 70%. Conclusion: In this study was demonstrated higher heritability for the variables of lower limbs power and the speed of movement, and for the flexibility, a greater influence was linked for environmental factor

Generalized Heisenberg Algebras and Fibonacci Series

We have constructed a Heisenberg-type algebra generated by the Hamiltonian, the step operators and an auxiliar operator. This algebra describes quantum systems having eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian depending on the eigenvalues of the two previous levels. This happens, for example, for systems having the energy spectrum given by Fibonacci sequence. Moreover, the algebraic structure depends on two functions f(x) and g(x). When these two functions are linear we classify, analysing the stability of the fixed points of the functions, the possible representations for this algebra.Comment: 24 pages, 2 figures, subfigure.st

Oxidative stress involving changes in Nrf2 and ER stress in early stages of Alzheimer's disease

AbstractOxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress have been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. In this study we analyzed whether oxidative stress involving changes in Nrf2 and ER stress may constitute early events in AD pathogenesis by using human peripheral blood cells and an AD transgenic mouse model at different disease stages. Increased oxidative stress and increased phosphorylated Nrf2 (p(Ser40)Nrf2) were observed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Moreover, we observed impaired ER Ca2+ homeostasis and increased ER stress markers in PBMCs from MCI individuals and mild AD patients. Evidence of early oxidative stress defense mechanisms in AD was substantiated by increased p(Ser40)Nrf2 in 3month-old 3xTg-AD male mice PBMCs, and also with increased nuclear Nrf2 levels in brain cortex. However, SOD1 protein levels were decreased in human MCI PBMCs and in 3xTg-AD mice brain cortex; the latter further correlated with reduced SOD1 mRNA levels. Increased ER stress was also detected in the brain cortex of young female and old male 3xTg-AD mice. We demonstrate oxidative stress and early Nrf2 activation in AD human and mouse models, which fails to regulate some of its targets, leading to repressed expression of antioxidant defenses (e.g., SOD-1), and extending to ER stress. Results suggest markers of prodromal AD linked to oxidative stress associated with Nrf2 activation and ER stress that may be followed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Poly(dimethylsiloxane) as a pre-coating in layer-by-layer films containing phosphotungstate nanoclusters electrochemically sensitive toward s-triazines

One of the major advantages of the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) deposition technique is the possible control of molecular architecture, not only to achieve optimized properties but also to seek synergy among different materials. In this study, LbL films containing nanoclusters of a Keggin type polyoxometalate, phosphotungstic acid (HPW), alternated with the polycation poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) were deposited on indium-tin oxide (ITO) substrates. The electrochemical properties of the hybrid LbL film investigated in acidic conditions indicated no significant desorption of HPW, when a layer of poly(dimethylsiloxane) terminated with 3-aminopropyl groups (PDMS) was previously deposited on the ITO substrate. Such effect occurred because PDMS prevents desorption of HPW from the hybrid film, as shown by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The porous structures of the films were revealed by Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and XPS. PDMS/PAH as a pre-coating allowed the HPW/PAH films to be sensitive to the electrochemical detection of the triazines atrazine and melamine. In conclusion, the precise control of the LbL films architecture is important to develop opportunities for new applications. © 2014 The Royal Society of Chemistry.One of the major advantages of the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) deposition technique is the possible control of molecular architecture, not only to achieve optimized properties but also to seek synergy among different materials. 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Construction of a skin substitute composed of porcine collagen matrix populated with human dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes: histological evaluation

INTRODUÇÃO: O uso de enxertos autólogos é limitado pela extensão da área doadora e pelo estado clínico dos pacientes, no caso de lesões extensas. Alotransplantes coletados de cadáveres ou voluntários são rejeitados após uma ou duas semanas, servindo apenas como cobertura temporária para essas lesões. O tratamento de grandes lesões cutâneas com tegumento autólogo reconstruído constitui alternativa atraente, já que, a partir de um pequeno fragmento de pele do paciente, pode-se obter culturas de células que se multiplicam rapidamente e podem ser criopreservadas, permitindo, assim, sua utilização em novos tratamentos por tempo indeterminado. Este estudo pretendeu avaliar o comportamento histológico de queratinócitos e fibroblastos humanos cultivados sobre uma matriz de colágeno porcino derivada da submucosa intestinal. MÉTODO: Células da epiderme e derme humana foram cultivadas separadamente e semeadas sobre matriz de colágeno porcino, onde permaneceram em ambiente controlado por 21 dias, antes de serem submetidas a análise histológica. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que os fibroblastos invadem e colonizam a matriz de colágeno, enquanto os queratinócitos se organizam de forma laminar e estratificada sobre a superfície em que foram semeados. CONCLUSÕES: A utilização da matriz de colágeno porcino como carreador de células da pele humana é possível e a organização dessas células se assemelha à arquitetura da pele humana