Strategy to Suppress Corruption and Money Laundering in the Digital Age

The purpose of this research is to describe and understand the criminal sentencing model for corrupt acts accompanied by money laundering crimes. This research uses a qualitative approach with a normative legal design. Data collection techniques include literature review, and data analysis techniques include presentation, reduction of data, and collection and verification. The research results showed that the sentencing for corrupt acts accompanied by money laundering is not the same as for money laundering with an underlying corruption crime, which would impose penalties according to Article 3 of Law No. 8 of 2010 on the eradication of money laundering. Specifically, in the case of corrupt acts accompanied by money laundering, which applies an absorption system, in line with the teachings of Article 65 of the Indonesian Criminal Code. The conclusion of this research is that the doctrine of Concursus from the Chamber of Criminal Matters of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Tangerang has a legal foundation that serves as a guide or sentencing basis, which can be revised regarding the sentencing model that should be applied for corrupt acts accompanied by money laundering crimes. Preserving the integrity of digital transactions in order to prevent the risk of money laundering. Effective measures must be taken to ensure that digital transactions are secure and that any illegal activities are detected and punished accordingly

Um altar funerário romano em Bustelo (Penafiel, Porto, Norte de Portugal)

Apresenta-se um altar funerário romano epigrafado, encontrado em 2020 no antigo mosteiro de Bustelo (Penafiel). Registam-se as circunstâncias do achado, o eventual percurso da peça, após a época romana, e as suas reutilizações. É realizado o estudo do suporte, no respeitante às suas características tipológicas, e do texto, dos pontos de vista epigráfico e histórico, enquadrandose o monumento na epigrafia regional. Tendo em conta o conhecimento actual sobre os sítios arqueológicos na envolvente próxima, discute-se a eventual relação com contextos habitacionais e funerários contemporâneos da elaboração do altar e sua utilização primária.This paper presents the study of an inscribed Roman funerary altar, found in 2020 in the old monastery of Bustelo (Penafiel). The circumstances of the finding were recorded as well as the possible post-Roman era route of the piece and its reuse. The study of the typological characteristics of the support is carried out and the text is analysed from the epigraphic and historical points of view, seeking to contextualize the monument in the regional epigraphy. Taking into account the current knowledge about Roman sites in the vicinity of the finding place, the potential connexion with contemporary settlements of the altar making and primary use is discussed

Novas inscrições funerárias da Torre Velha de Castro de Avelãs (Bragança)

Publicam-se 4 inscrições funerárias da Torre Velha de Castro de Avelãs (Bragança)

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN THE PHILIPPINES

Inbound international student mobility (ISM), the inflow of students to the host country, has been a lucrative income generator or economic driver for many countries such as the US, the UK, Australia, and Malaysia. However, the Philippines is lagging behind in terms of ISM and little is known about it, thus this qualitative case  study was conducted to find out the issues and challenges facing the international students, undergraduate and graduate, studying in the Philippines. Data were gathered through three focus group interviews from 20 international students from 17 countries studying in Baguio and Cavite. The stay of the participants in the Philippines ranges from 1-6 years. The data were transcribed and analyzed thematically. In the findings, three main themes emerged: problematic  visa processing largely caused by corruption in the immigration office, lack of communication and information dissemination, and culture shock with eight sub- themes: pollution and momma (chewed betel nut spat with red saliva), racial discrimination, taking advantage of foreigners, language barrier, use of left hand in giving or receiving something, queuing, gays acting like female, and respect to younger ones even those lower in rank. The participants consider the visa processing as the most frustrating issue they have been facing. On the other hand, they reported that queuing in the bus and jeepney stations, in the supermarkets, etc. was a culture shock to them but has taught them to be patient and to follow order. Culture orientation is recommended to address racial discrimination and taking advantage of foreigners

Um suporte de época romana epigrafado e decorado com temática marcial em Viseu (Portugal)

The present text centres on an epigraphic find in Viseu (Portugal), a city that was, in antiquity, one of the ciuitas capitals of northern Lusitania. The piece in question is a stele that was later reused in contemporary buildings. Its most striking aspects are the (incomplete) representation of a warrior and the linguistic peculiarities of its short text. Both aspects are discussed, as well as the historical and urban context of the stele in the Roman city of Viseu.El objetivo principal de este texto es la presentación de un hallazgo epigráfico realizado en la ciudad de Viseu (Portugal) que, en la antigüedad, fue una de las capitales de ciuitas del norte de la Lusitania. La pieza en cuestión es una estela que se encontraba reutilizada en un edificio de época contemporánea y que destaca tanto por su decoración, al incluir la representación (incompleta) de un guerrero, como por las peculiaridades lingüísticas del sucinto texto que muestra. Se analizan ambos aspectos al igual que la integración de la estela en el contexto de la ciudad de Viseu.   [pt] O presente texto tem como propósito central a apresentação de um achado epigráfico realizado na cidade de Viseu (Portugal), que, na Antiguidade, foi uma das capitais de ciuitas do Norte da Lusitânia. A peça em questão é uma estela que se encontrava em reaproveitamento no edificado contemporâneo. Destaca-se, do ponto de vista plástico, pela figuração (incompleta) de um guerreiro, mas também pelas particularidades linguísticas do sucinto texto que apresenta. Discutem-se ambos os aspetos, bem como a integração da estela no contexto cidade romana

Unpublished Roman milestones of Geira (route XVIII of the Antonine Itinerary, north of Portugal) related with miles XXX and XXXI a Bracara Augusta

La uia noua o vía XVIII del Itinerario de Antonino tiene origen en época flavia y establece la conexión directa entre dos capitales del extremo de la Hispania citerior: Bracara Augusta y Asturica Augusta. Uno de los aspectos más impactantes en relación con esta vía, teniendo en cuenta que no tie ne raíces en época de Augusto, es el gran número de miliarios que le están asociados, lo que la coloca entre las que poseen ma yor densidad de estos soportes epigráficos en todo el imperio. Se estudian dos milia rios recuperados, en la década de 1990, enlas millas XXX y XXXI a Bracara Augusta, ubicadas en la sierra de Gerês (Terras de Bouro, Braga, Portugal), atribuibles a los hi jos de Constantino I, haciéndose asimismo la revisión de un tercero, de Maximino y Máxi mo, relativo a la primera de estas millas y de descubrimiento más reciente. Una particu laridad de uno de estos miliarios inéditos es el hecho de que conserva restos de pintura asociada a la inscripción. Se hace el estudio epigráfico completo, también con enfoque al significado de estos soportes en el con texto paisajístico local.The route XVIII of the Antonine Itinerary or uia noua, setting back to the Flavian period, came forward as a new direct link between two capitals of the western territory of Hispania Citerior: Bracara Augusta and Asturica Augusta. One of the most impressive aspects related to this route, considering that it doesn’t have origin in Augustan times, is the large number of milestones associated, which catapults it to the forefront of those with the highest density of these epigraphic supports throughout the whole empire. This article presents two milestones attributable to the sons of Constantine, which were recovered, in the 1990s, at miles XXX and XXXI a Bracara Augusta, in the Gerês mountain range (Terras de Bouro, Braga, Portugal). A revision of the text of a third milestone attributable to Maximinus and Maximus and more recently recovered at the first of these miles is also made. A peculiar aspect of one of the unpublished milestones is the fact that it preserves traces of painting associated with the inscription. A complete epigraphic study is carried out, also attending the sense of these supports in the local landscape context

Miliários inéditos da Geira (via XVIII do Itinerário de Antonino, Norte de Portugal) associados às milhas XXX e XXXI a «Bracara Augusta»

The route XVIII of the Antonine Itinerary or uia noua, setting back to the Flavian period, came forward as a new direct link between two capitals of the western territory of Hispania Citerior: Bracara Augusta and Asturica Augusta. One of the most impressive aspects related to this route, considering that it doesn’t have origin in Augustan times, is the large number of milestones associated, which catapults it to the forefront of those with the highest density of these epigraphic supports throughout the whole empire. This ar ticle presents two milestones attributable to the sons of Constantine, which were recovered, in the 1990s, at miles XXX and XXXI a Bracara Augusta, in the Gerês mountain range (Terras de Bouro, Braga, Portugal). A revision of the text of a third milestone attributable to Maximinus and Maximus and more recently recovered at the first of these miles is also made. A peculiar aspect of one of the unpublished milestones is the fact that it preserves traces of painting associated with the inscription. A complete epigraphic study is carried out, also attending the sense of these supports in the local landscape context.La uia noua o vía XVIII del Itinerario de Antonino tiene origen en época flavia y establece la conexión directa entre dos capitales del extremo de la Hispania citerior: Bracara Augusta y Asturica Augusta. Uno de los aspectos más impactantes en relación con esta vía, teniendo en cuenta que no tiene raíces en época de Augusto, es el gran número de miliarios que le están asociados, lo que la coloca entre las que poseen mayor densidad de estos soportes epigráficos en todo el imperio. Se estudian dos miliarios recuperados, en la década de 1990, en las millas XXX y XXXI a Bracara Augusta, ubicadas en la sierra de Gerês (Terras de Bouro, Braga, Portugal), atribuibles a los hijos de Constantino I, haciéndose asimismo la revisión de un tercero, de Maximino y Máximo, relativo a la primera de estas millas y de descubrimiento más reciente. Una particularidad de uno de estos miliarios inéditos es el hecho de que conserva restos de pintura asociada a la inscripción. Se hace el estudio epigráfico completo, también con enfoque al significado de estos soportes en el contexto paisajístico local