Terra preta nova.

Amazonian soils are almost universally thought of as extremely forbidding. However, it is now clear that complex societies with large, sedentary populations were present for over a millenium before European contact. Associated with these are tracts of anomalously fertile, dark soils termed terra preta. These soils are presently an important agricultural resource within Amazonia. They provide a model for developing long-term future sustainability of food production simple carbon based soil technologies in tropical environments, particularly among small holders

Left atrial appendage thrombosis and persistent atrial fibrillation: Combined treatment with a totally thoracoscopic approach

Minimally invasive surgical ablation is generally contraindicated in patients with atrial fibrillation and thrombosis of the left atrial appendage. We have treated three of these patients using an innovative technique based on a bilateral video-thoracoscopic approach, performing a continuous encircling lesion at the pulmonary veins outflow with radio-frequency ablation, simultaneously excluding the left atrial appendage. The postoperative course was uneventful, without neurologic events and all patients maintained a stable sinus rhythm at 1-year follow-up. This procedure represents a new mini-invasive method to treat persistent atrial fibrillation when partial thrombosis of the left atrial appendage contraindicates other ablation techniques

Time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) and chemometrics for determination of fat content in commercial products of milk powder.

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Effects of low-intensity electrical stimulation and adipose derived stem cells transplantation on the time-domain analysis-based electromyographic signals in dogs with SCI

The application of low-intensity electrical stimulation (LIES) to neural tissue increases neurochemical factors responsible for regeneration as nerve growth factor. Stem cell (SC) therapy for patients with Spinal cord injury (SCI) promote some increase functional improvement.ObjectiveInvestigate the electromyographic response in paraplegic dogs undergoing LIES and SC transplantation.Methods27 dogs paraplegics with SCI were divided into three groups with different types of therapy. GADSC: two SC transplants (n = 9); GLIES: LIES (n = 8); GCOMB: two SC transplants and LIES (n = 10). Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) were transplanted by lumbar puncture in the amount of 1.2 × 106 cells/50 μL. Acupuncture needles positioned in the interspinous space were used for stimulation. The electrical stimulation was applied with a mean voltage ∼30 mV and four consecutive modulated frequencies (5 Hz, 10 Hz, 15 Hz and 20 Hz) within 5 min each. The patients motor performance was evaluated before (Pre) the procedure and after 30 (Post30) and 60 (Post60) days, from electromyography root mean square (EMGRMS) registered with subcutaneous electrodes in the vastus lateralis muscle, while the animals were in quadrupedal position.ResultsAll three groups showed a significant intra-group increase of EMGRMS (Pre vs. Post30 or Pre vs. Post60). However, there were no statistically significant differences between Post30 and Post60. The inter-group test (GADSC X GLIES X GCOMB) did not present significance when compared the instants Pre (p = 0.34), Post30 (p = 0.78) and Post60 (p = 0.64).ConclusionSome dogs recovered motor activity, expressed by the EMGRMS, in all groups, in pre vs. post (30 or 60 days) comparisons.This is the peer-reviewed version of the article: Krueger, E., Magri, L.M.S., Botelho, A.S., Bach, F.S., Rebellato, C.L.K., Fracaro, L., Fragoso, F.Y.I., Villanova, J.A., Brofman, P.R.S., Popović-Maneski, L., 2019. Effects of low-intensity electrical stimulation and adipose derived stem cells transplantation on the time-domain analysis-based electromyographic signals in dogs with SCI. Neuroscience Letters 696, 38–45. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2018.12.004]Published version: [https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4595

Feições geomorfológicas e solos nos locais em que foram construídos os geoglifos no Estado do Acre.

Distribuição dos Geoglifos na Amazônia Ocidental. Relações Ambientais dos Geoglifos no Município de Plácido de Castro. Localização dos Geoglifos em Relação Às Feições Geomorfológicas. Localização dos Geoglifos em Relação às Classes e Características dos Solos. Ocorrência de Geoglifos em Argissolos. Ocorrência de Geoglifos em Latossolos. Ocorrência de Geoglifos em Plintossolos. Características dos Solos nos Geoglifos. Falta de Evidências de Sítios de Habitação no Interior dos Geoglifos

Audience Participation and Neoliberal Value: Risk, agency and responsibility in immersive theatre

This article identifies a value set shared between the neoliberal ethos and modes of audience participation frequently promoted in immersive theatre: values such as risk-taking, individual freedoms and personal responsibility. The promotion of self-made opportunity, premised either on opportunistic risk-taking, or the savvy attitude that comes with experience and familiarity with immersive theatre participation, will be addressed as valorising another shared value: entrepreneurialism. A participatory mode will be introduced that I call ‘entrepreneurial participation’: a kind of audience participation privileged in much immersive theatre performance identifying the enactment of neoliberal value. While entrepreneurial participation may be deliberately deployed by audiences as a participatory tactic, it will be argued that this particular participatory mode is frequently expected of audiences, or at least privileged as a means of engaging with performance. Work by the British immersive theatre company Punchdrunk will be taken as a means of illustrating this suggestion, particularly The Masque of the Red Death (2007). The article begins with a definition of immersive theatre that focuses on the figuring of participating audiences, paying particular attention to the relativity of participatory freedoms and the centrality of experience production. Hedonistic and narcissistic experiences will pull focus and will be approached as a possible reason behind immersive theatre's susceptibility to absorption within the experience industry and co-optation by innovative marketers. The article then establishes a set of shared values between the neoliberal ethos and audience participation in The Masque of the Red Death. Risk perception research, especially that arising from the Oregon Group and Stephen Lyng, will be touched on as a means of introducing some political considerations arising from the notion of entrepreneurial participation. A more optimistic, but ultimately sobering set of responses will be offered in conclusion

Low incidence of permanent complications during catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation using open-irrigated catheters: A multicentre registry

Aims Despite catheter ablation (CA) has become an accepted treatment option for symptomatic, drug-resistant atrial fibrillation (AF), the safety of this procedure continues to be cause for concern. The aim of the present study was to assess the incidence of complications with permanent sequelae of CA for AF using open-irrigated catheters in a contemporary, unselected population of consecutive patients. Methods and results From 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2011, data from 2167 consecutive patients who underwent CA for AF using an open-irrigated catheter in 29 Italian centres were collected. All the complications occurring to the patient from admission to the 30th post-procedural day were recorded. No procedure-related death was observed. Complications occurred in 81 patients (3.7%): 46 patients (2.1%) suffered vascular access complications; 13 patients (0.6%) cardiac tamponade, successfully drained in all the cases; six patients (0.3%) arterial thromboembolism (four transient ischaemic attack and two ischaemic strokes); five (0.2%) patients conservatively treated pericardial effusion; three patients (0.1%) phrenic nerve paralysis; three patients (0.1%) pericarditis; three patients (0.1%) haemothorax, and two patients (0.1%) other isolated adverse events. At multivariate analysis, only female sex [odds ratio (OR) 2.5, confidence interval (CI): 1.5-3.7, P < 001] and the operator experience (OR 0.5, CI: 0.4-0.7, P < 001) related to the complications. Only five (0.2%) patients developed permanent sequelae from their complications. Conclusion Catheter ablation for AF with the use of open-irrigated catheters is currently affected by a very low rate of complications leading to permanent sequelae. \uc2\ua9 2014 Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology

RET PLCγ Phosphotyrosine Binding Domain Regulates Ca2+ Signaling and Neocortical Neuronal Migration

The receptor tyrosine kinase RET plays an essential role during embryogenesis in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Upon glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) stimulation, RET can trigger multiple intracellular signaling pathways that in concert activate various downstream effectors. Here we report that the RET receptor induces calcium (Ca2+) signaling and regulates neocortical neuronal progenitor migration through the Phospholipase-C gamma (PLCγ) binding domain Tyr1015. This signaling cascade releases Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum through the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor and stimulates phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and CaMKII. A point mutation at Tyr1015 on RET or small interfering RNA gene silencing of PLCγ block the GDNF-induced signaling cascade. Delivery of the RET mutation to neuronal progenitors in the embryonic ventricular zone using in utero electroporation reveal that Tyr1015 is necessary for GDNF-stimulated migration of neurons to the cortical plate. These findings demonstrate a novel RET mediated signaling pathway that elevates cytosolic Ca2+ and modulates neuronal migration in the developing neocortex through the PLCγ binding domain Tyr1015