141 research outputs found
Phytophthora Blight Of Pigeon Pea In India
Isolations were made from blighted pigeon-pea (Cajanus cajan) plants
from different locations in India. A species of Phytophthora was consistently
obtained from these locations and was proved to be the causal
organism involved in the disease. Based on the sporangium shape and
size, oogonium and oospore formation, temperature requirements, and
pathogenicity tests, we have classified these isolates as P. drechsleri f. sp.
cajani. The use of formae speciales was considered appropriate because
of the specificity of these isolates to pigeon pea and Atylosia spp., wild
relatives of the pigeon pea
Implications of COVID-19 for HIV Research: data sources, indicators, and longitudinal analyses
Characterization of the proposed 4-α cluster state candidate in O 16
The O16(α,α′) reaction was studied at θlab=0 at an incident energy of Elab=200 MeV using the K600 magnetic spectrometer at iThemba LABS. Proton decay and α decay from the natural parity states were observed in a large-acceptance silicon strip detector array at backward angles. The coincident charged-particle measurements were used to characterize the decay channels of the 06+ state in O16 located at Ex=15.097(5) MeV. This state is identified by several theoretical cluster calculations to be a good candidate for the 4-α cluster state. The results of this work suggest the presence of a previously unidentified resonance at Ex≈15 MeV that does not exhibit a 0+ character. This unresolved resonance may have contaminated previous observations of the 06+ state
study of states in : Implications for new physics searches with xenon detectors
We used the Ba reaction to carry out an in-depth study of
states in Cs, up to around 2.5~MeV. In this work, we place emphasis on
hitherto unobserved states below the first level, which are important in
the context of solar neutrino and fermionic dark matter (FDM) detection in
large-scale xenon experiments. We identify for the first time candidate
metastable states in Cs, which would allow a real-time detection of
solar neutrino and FDM events in xenon detectors, with high background
suppression. Our results are also compared with shell-model calculations
performed with three Hamiltonians that were previously used to evaluate the
nuclear matrix element (NME) for Xe neutrinoless double beta decay. We
find that one of these Hamiltonians, which also systematically underestimates
the NME compared to the others, dramatically fails to describe the observed
low-energy Cs spectrum, while the other two show reasonably good
agreement
Isoscalar giant monopole strength in Ni, Zr, Sn and Pb
Inelastic -particle scattering at energies of a few hundred MeV and
very-forward scattering angles including has been established as a
tool for the study of the isoscalar giant monopole (IS0) strength distributions
in nuclei. An independent investigation of the IS0 strength in nuclei across a
wide mass range was performed using the facility at iThemba
Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences (iThemba LABS), South Africa, to
understand differences observed between IS0 strength distributions in previous
experiments performed at the Texas A\&M University (TAMU) Cyclotron Institute,
USA and the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Japan. The isoscalar
giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) was excited in Ni, Zr,
Sn and Pb using -particle inelastic scattering with
MeV beam and scattering angles
and . The K magnetic spectrometer at iThemba LABS was used to
detect and momentum analyze the inelastically scattered particles. The
IS0 strength distributions in the nuclei studied were deduced with the
difference-of-spectra (DoS) technique including a correction factor for the
data based on the decomposition of cross sections in previous
experiments. IS0 strength distributions for Ni, Zr, Sn
and Pb are extracted in the excitation-energy region MeV.Using correction factors extracted from the RCNP experiments, there is
a fair agreement with their published IS0 results. Good agreement for IS0
strength in Ni is also obtained with correction factors deduced from the
TAMU results, while marked differences are found for Zr and Pb.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, regular article submitted to PR
Longitudinal HIV care outcomes by gender identity in the United States
Objective: Describe engagement in HIV care over time after initial engagement in HIV care, by gender identity.Design:Observational, clinical cohort study of people with HIV engaged in routine HIV care across the United States. Methods: We followed people with HIV who linked to and engaged in clinical care (attending ≥2 visits in 12 months) in cohorts in the North American Transgender Cohort Collaboration, 2000-2018. Within strata of gender identity, we estimated the 7-year (84-month) restricted mean time spent: lost-to-clinic (stratified by pre/postantiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation); in care prior to ART initiation; on ART but not virally suppressed; virally suppressed (≤200 copies/ml); or dead (pre/post-ART initiation). Results: Transgender women (N = 482/101 841) spent an average of 35.5 out of 84 months virally suppressed (this was 30.5 months for cisgender women and 34.4 months for cisgender men). After adjustment for age, race, ethnicity, history of injection drug use, cohort, and calendar year, transgender women were significantly less likely to die than cisgender people. Cisgender women spent more time in care not yet on ART, and less time on ART and virally suppressed, but were less likely to die compared with cisgender men. Other differences were not clinically meaningful. Conclusions: In this sample, transgender women and cisgender people spent similar amounts of time in care and virally suppressed. Additional efforts to improve retention in care and viral suppression are needed for all people with HIV, regardless of gender identity
Isospin mixing and the cubic isobaric multiplet mass equation in the lowest <i>T</i>=2, <i>A</i>=32 quintet
The isobaric multiplet mass equation (IMME) is known to break down in the
first T = 2, A = 32 isospin quintet. In this work we combine high-resolution
experimental data with state-of-the-art shell-model calculations to investigate
isospin mixing as a possible cause for this violation. The experimental data
are used to validate isospin-mixing matrix elements calculated with newly
developed shell-model Hamiltonians. Our analysis shows that isospin mixing with
nonanalog T = 1 states contributes to the IMME breakdown, making the
requirement of an anomalous cubic term inevitable for the multiplet
Characterizing the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care Continuum among Transgender Women and Cisgender Women and Men in Clinical Care: A Retrospective Time-series Analysis
Background: Prior studies suggest that transgender women (TW) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are less likely to be virally suppressed than cisgender women (CW) and cisgender men (CM). However, prior data are limited by small sample sizes and cross-sectional designs. We sought to characterize the HIV care continuum comparing TW to CW and CM in the United States and Canada. Methods: We analyzed annual HIV care continuum outcomes by gender status from January 2001 through December 2015 among adults (aged ≥18 years) in 15 clinical cohorts. Outcomes were retention in care and viral suppression. Results: The study population included TW (n = 396), CW (n = 14 094), and CM (n = 101 667). TW had lower proportions retained in care than CW and CM (P <. 01). Estimates of retention in care were consistently lower in TW, with little change over time within each group. TW and CW had similar proportions virally suppressed over time (TW, 36% in 2001 and 80% in 2015; CW, 35% in 2001 and 83% in 2015) and were lower than CM (41% in 2001 and 87% in 2015). These differences did not reach statistical significance after adjusting for age, race, HIV risk group, and cohort. Conclusions: TW experience challenges with retention in HIV care. However, TW who are engaged in care achieve viral suppression that is comparable to that of CW and CM of similar age, race, and HIV risk group. Further research is needed to understand care engagement disparities
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