Almost Periodic and Periodic Solutions of Differential Equations Driven by the Fractional Brownian Motion with Statistical Application

We show that the unique solution to a semilinear stochastic differential equation with almost periodic coefficients driven by a fractional Brownian motion is almost periodic in a sense related to random dynamical systems. This type of almost periodicity allows for the construction of a consistent estimator of the drift parameter in the almost periodic and periodic cases.Comment: 18 page

Les habitudes technologiques au cégep : résultats d'une enquête effectuée auprès de 30 724 étudiants

Texte en anglais.Bibliographie : pages 55-56

Avalanche Diodes with Low Temperature Dependence in 4H-SiC Suitable for Parallel Protection

International audienceAvalanche diodes have been fabricated on 4H-SiC substrate. These diodes show an abrupt avalanche voltage of about 59 V which corresponds to the calculated theoretical one using our previously determined impact ionization coefficients. This avalanche voltage increases by as small as 3.7 mV/K over the investigated temperature range (150K-420K)

The evolution of infrahissian conduction time in myotonic dystrophy patients: clinical implications

International audienc

Transcriptomics in Tumor and Normal Lung Tissues Identify Patients With Early-Stage Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer With High Risk of Postsurgery Recurrence Who May Benefit From Adjuvant Therapies

Terapias adyuvantes; Cáncer de pulmón; PronósticoTeràpies adjuvants; Càncer de pulmó; PronòsticAdjuvant therapies; Lung cancer; PrognosisPURPOSE The prognosis of patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), traditionally determined by anatomic histology and TNM staging, neglects the biological features of the tumor that may be important in determining patient outcome and guiding therapeutic interventions. Identifying patients with NSCLC at increased risk of recurrence after curative-intent surgery remains an important unmet need so that known effective adjuvant treatments can be offered to those at highest risk of recurrence. METHODS Relative gene expression level in the primary tumor and normal bronchial tissues was used to retrospectively assess their association with disease-free survival (DFS) in a cohort of 120 patients with NSCLC who underwent curative-intent surgery. RESULTS Low versus high Digital Display Precision Predictor (DDPP) score (a measure of relative gene expression) was significantly associated with shorter DFS (highest recurrence risk; P = .006) in all patients and in patients with TNM stages 1-2 (P = .00051; n = 83). For patients with stages 1-2 and low DDPP score (n = 29), adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved DFS (P = .0041). High co-overexpression of CTLA-4, PD-L1, and ICOS in normal lung (28 of 120 patients) was also significantly associated with decreased DFS (P = .0013), suggesting an immune tolerance to tumor neoantigens in some patients. Patients with DDPP low and immunotolerant normal tissue had the shortest DFS (P = 2.12E–11). CONCLUSION TNM stage, DDPP score, and immune competence status of normal lung are independent prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. Our findings open new avenues for prospective prognostic assessment and treatment assignment on the basis of transcriptomic profiling of tumor and normal lung tissue in patients with NSCLC

Placing Madagascar's marine turtle populations in a regional context using community-based monitoring

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Cambridge University Press via the DOI in this record.Madagascar is an important foraging ground for marine turtles in the Western Indian Ocean, yet the status of the country's nesting aggregations remains poorly documented. We assess the current status and trend in nesting throughout Madagascar, including data recorded by a community-based monitoring project in the Barren Isles (western Madagascar). We contextualize the findings in comparison with data from Madagascar's closest neighbouring states. Reports indicate that nesting levels have declined at many coastal sites, with no known recordings since 2000 at > 40 nesting sites. We estimate there are a minimum of 1,200 nests per year in Madagascar, with the largest recorded nesting aggregation (< 1,000 nests per year) found on islands off the west and northern coasts. The majority of nesting aggregations, including those recorded by the community-based monitoring project in the Barren Isles, are relatively small, in the order of < 50 nests per year, yet they are potentially important sources of regional genetic diversity. Nesting on many of the islands (e.g. Tromelin, Europa) around Madagascar has increased over the last 20 years, despite the fact that thousands of turtles probably originating from these sites are taken by fishers in the waters of Madagascar annually. We discuss the importance of protecting small nesting populations, and how community-based monitoring could be an important tool for conserving remote and vulnerable populations and building capacity for natural resource management.We thank in particular Audrey Campillo, a researcher affiliated with the La Réunion-based research group Kelonia (www.kelonia.org), who provided initial training for the community monitoring team in Madagascar. We also thank the eight community members of the monitoring team from Maintirano, Jean Berthieu Nomenjanahary and Armel Bezafy for their assistance, Charlotte Moffat, Jérémie Bossert and Marianne Teoh for assisting with community interviews and data organization, Samir Gandhi for helping to prepare Figs 1–3, the State of the World's Sea Turtles, National Geographic's Conservation Trust and The Rufford Foundation for supporting Blue Ventures’ marine turtle conservation and research work in Madagascar, and two referees for their helpful input

BCL2L10 is a predictive factor for resistance to Azacitidine in MDS and AML patients

Azacitidine is the leading compound to treat patients suffering myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or AML with less than 30% of blasts, but a majority of patients is primary refractory or rapidly relapses under treatment. These patients have a drastically reduced life expectancy as compared to sensitive patients. Therefore identifying predictive factors for AZA resistance is of great interest to propose alternative therapeutic strategies for non-responsive patients. We generated AZA-resistant myeloid cell line (SKM1-R) that exhibited increased expression of BCL2L10 an anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member. Importantly, BCL2L10 knockdown sensitized SKM1-R cells to AZA effect suggesting that increased BCL2L10 expression is linked to AZA resistance in SKM1-R. We next established in 77 MDS patients that resistance to AZA is significantly correlated with the percentage of MDS or AML cells expressing BCL2L10. In addition, we showed that the proportion of BCL2L10 positive bone marrow cells can predict overall survival in MDS or AML patients. We propose a convenient assay in which the percentage of BCL2L10 expressing cells as assessed by flow cytometry is predictive of whether or not a patient will become resistant to AZA. Therefore, systematic determination of BCL2L10 expression could be of great interest in newly diagnosed and AZA-treated MDS patients

SAXO+ upgrade : second stage AO system end-to-end numerical simulations

SAXO+ is a proposed upgrade to SAXO, the AO system of the SPHERE instrument on the ESO Very Large Telescope. It will improve the capabilities of the instrument for the detection and characterization of young giant planets. It includes a second stage adaptive optics system composed of a dedicated near-infrared wavefront sensor and a deformable mirror. This second stage will remove the residual wavefront errors left by the current primary AO loop (SAXO). This paper focuses on the numerical simulations of the second stage (SAXO+) and concludes on the impact of the main AO parameters used to build the design strategy. Using an end-to-end AO simulation tool (COMPASS), we investigate the impact of several parameters on the performance of the AO system. We measure the performance in minimizing the star residuals in the coronagraphic image. The parameters that we study are : the second stage frequency, the photon flux on each WFS, the first stage gain and the DM number of actuators of the second stage. We show that the performance is improved by a factor 10 with respect to the current AO system (SAXO). The optimal second stage frequency is between 1 and 2 kHz under good observing conditions. In a red star case, the best SAXO+ performance is achieved with a low first stage gain of 0.05, which reduces the first stage rejection.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to AO4ELT7 conference proceeding

Comprehensive Genetic Landscape of Uveal Melanoma by Whole-Genome Sequencing.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare intraocular tumor that, similar to cutaneous melanoma, originates from melanocytes. To gain insights into its genetics, we performed whole-genome sequencing at very deep coverage of tumor-control pairs in 33 samples (24 primary and 9 metastases). Genome-wide, the number of coding mutations was rather low (only 17 variants per tumor on average; range 7-28), thus radically different from cutaneous melanoma, where hundreds of exonic DNA insults are usually detected. Furthermore, no UV light-induced mutational signature was identified. Recurrent coding mutations were found in the known UM drivers GNAQ, GNA11, BAP1, EIF1AX, and SF3B1. Other genes, i.e., TP53BP1, CSMD1, TTC28, DLK2, and KTN1, were also found to harbor somatic mutations in more than one individual, possibly indicating a previously undescribed association with UM pathogenesis. De novo assembly of unmatched reads from non-coding DNA revealed peculiar copy-number variations defining specific UM subtypes, which in turn could be associated with metastatic transformation. Mutational-driven comparison with other tumor types showed that UM is very similar to pediatric tumors, characterized by very few somatic insults and, possibly, important epigenetic changes. Through the analysis of whole-genome sequencing data, our findings shed new light on the molecular genetics of uveal melanoma, delineating it as an atypical tumor of the adult for which somatic events other than mutations in exonic DNA shape its genetic landscape and define its metastatic potential