PRELIMINARY ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SAINDHAVADYA GHRUTA

Ghruta is considered best among the Snehas. Its usage is being highlighted by our Acharyas in the disorders of brain like Unmada, Apasmara etc. This study focuses on one such preparation Saindhayadya ghruta mentioned in Yogaratnaka Apasmara chikitsa. Literary review done through various sources like books, journals and internet revealed that, no studies have been carried out on this formulation yet. Hence an attempt was made to study Saindhayadya ghruta through qualitative and quantitative analysis of Physico-chemical parameters and to develop fingerprints of High-Performance Thin Layer chromatography study (HPTLC). HPTLC densitometric scan of chloroform extract of unsaponifiable matter of Saindhvadhya Ghruta showed 9 and 6 spots at 254nm and 366nm respectively. To interpret the results, there are no previous standard markers established for Saindhavadya ghruta. This analytical profile may help in the identification of Saindhavadya ghruta in future and to maintain the standard quality of the formulation

The Future of Outsourcing in the Asia-Pacific Region: Implications for Research and Practice—Panel Report from PACIS 2014

This paper summarizes a panel discussion held at the 18th Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS) in Chengdu, China, 2014, with the same title. The panel discussed the future of outsourcing in the Asia-Pacific region (specifically the importance of outsourcing, new trends, and issues in outsourcing). This paper provides directions for future research that surpasses regional specificity (i.e., the Asia-Pacific region), and contributes to research interests on outsourcing in general

Studying alumina boundary migration using combined microscopy techniques

Thermal grooving and migration of grain boundaries in alumina have been investigated using a variety of microscopy techniques. Using two different methods, polycrystalline alumina was used to investigate wet, (implying the presence of a glassy phase), and dry grain boundaries. In the first, single-crystal Al2O3 was hot-pressed via liquid phase sintering (LPS) to polycrystalline alumina with an anorthite glass film at the interface. Pulsed laser deposition was used to deposit approximately 100-nm thick glass films. Specimens were annealed in air at 1650°C for 20 h to induce boundary migration. Boundary characterization was carried out using visible light (VLM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies. Effects on migration due to surface orientation of grains were investigated using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The second method dealt with heat treating dry boundaries in polycrystalline alumina to monitor boundary migration behavior via remnant thermal grooves. Heat treatments were conducted at 1650°C for 30 min. The same region of the sample was mapped using VLM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) and followed over a series of 30 min heat treatments. Boundary migration through a pore trapped inside the grain matrix was of particular interest

Modified Electron Beam Induced Deposition of Metal Nanostructure Arrays using a Parallel Electron Beam

A modified electron beam induced deposition method using a parallel beam of electrons is developed. The method relies on the build-up of surface potential on an insulating surface exposed to an electron beam. Presence of sharp edges on the insulating surface implies presence of large electric fields that lead to site-specific nucleation of metal vapor on those regions. Feature sizes as small as 20 nm can be deposited without the need to use fine probes and thus the limitation of probe size imposed on the resolution is overcome. The use of pure metal vapor also renders the process inherently clean.Comment: 14 Pages, 3 figures, to appear in Applied Physics Letter

Influence of Charge Transport Layers on Open Circuit Voltage and Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite materials have experienced an impressive improvement in photovoltaic performance due to their unique combination of optoelectronic properties. Their remarkable progression, facilitated by the use of different device architectures, compositional engineering, and processing methodologies, contrasts with the lack of understanding of the materials properties and interface phenomena. Here we directly target the interplay between the charge-transporting layers (CTLs) and open-circuit potential (VOC) in the operation mechanism of the state-of-the-art CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells. Our results suggest that the VOC is controlled by the splitting of quasi-Fermi levels and recombination inside the perovskite, rather than being governed by any internal electric field established by the difference in the CTL work functions. In addition, we provide novel insights into the hysteretic origin in perovskite solar cells, identifying the nature of the contacts as a critical factor in defining the charge accumulation at its interface, leading to either ionic, electronic, or mixed ionic-electronic accumulation

ICAR Technologies: High-Value Nutraceutical and Nutritional Products from Seaweeds

The rich diversity of seaweeds in the Indian marine biosphere represents an untapped reservoir of bioactive compounds with valuable pharmaceutical and biomedical use. Over the last few years, the use of seaweeds for the development of new products and as a source for obtaining high-value compounds has attracted much interest from both food and pharmaceutical industries. The research team at ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Kochi developed a hitherto unraveled database of seaweeds with small molecular weight bioactive molecules to combat various life-threatening diseases. This subsequently paved the way for the development of several nutraceutical products for use against arthritis, type-2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypothyroidism, osteoporosis, low immunity, and hypertension. The latest efforts in this line of research have yielded a seaweedbased probiotic nutraceutical and an anti-bacterial ointment. ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), Kochi with its expertise in post-harvest processing and value addition has developed several seaweed-based products with antiinflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer and immune-modulating properties. Their product range also includes several seaweed-based ready-to-eat products, which are gaining popularity. Lately, the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the researchers to develop a sanitizer with seaweed as a constituent. Development of value-added products from underutilized seaweed species also has the potential to expand the opportunities for their downstream value chain augmentation, thereby boosting the livelihoods of resource-poor fisherfolk and budding entrepreneurs across the coastal belt. Coupled with a renewed policy Prefac

Financing Maternal and Child Health—What Are the Limitations in Estimating Donor Flows and Resource Needs?

Marco Schäferhoff and colleagues critique funding estimates for the maternal and child health Millennium Development Goals, and make recommendations for improving the tracking of financing flows and estimating the costs of scaling up interventions for mothers and children

Response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to Rhizobium inoculation

In field trials near Hyderabad in 1977-81 and in Karnataka in 1981, 4 Spanish-type, 1 Valencia and 5 Virginia type groundnut cv. were inoculated with 1 or 10 strains of Rhizobium sp. at sowing in soil previously sown to groundnuts. Pod yields of cv. Robut 33-1 were consistently increased by inoculation with strain NC 92, the increases ranging from 18 to 34% in Hyderabad and reaching 40% of the yield of non-inoculated plants in Karnataka. Inoculation with the pure strain NC 92 gave higher yields than a mixture of NC 92 with other strains of Rhizobium sp.ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT:A total of 9 varieties were tested in 1977-1981 with ten strains at two localities. Robut 33-1 inoculated with strain NC92 had significantly higher pod yields (up to 40% higher) than it had without inoculation. Other variety X strain interactions were not observe

Response Of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea) To Inoculation

'I'hough groundnut is nodulated by a number of rhizobia belonging to the cowpea miscellany, the nodulation and nitrogen (Nz) I'ixulion acliicvcd unclcr I'itrmcrs' conditions is ol'tcn inadequate. Studies at IC'K ISA I have attempted to overcome this by examining a large number of inoculant strains and various methods of' inoculation. Large variability between groundnut rhizobia in ability to fix N2 exists, but poor correlations between nodule mass and plant dry weight gains can occur. lnoculum size is important with nodule number and distribution and N2 fixation enhanced by heavier inoculation rates. Liquid inoculants have provided greater increases in yield than either granular or seed slurry inoculation, the latter method reducing germination and stand establishment. Several field trials at ICKISA'I', both in the rainy and irrigated, post-rainy seasons, have given significant responses to inoculation, even though the soil already contains lo4 rhizobialg. lhe cultivar Rohut 33-1 with strain NC 92 has eiven most consistent results