Effect of N′-nitrosodimethylamine on red blood cell rheology and proteomic profiles of brain in male albino rats

We investigated the effects of N'-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) induced toxicity on red blood cell rheology in male rats and identified bands in proteomic profiles of brain which can be used as novel markers. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) profiles exhibited constitutive as well as induced expression of the polypeptides. Remarkably, the molecular weight range of the polypeptides (8–150 kDa) corresponded to that of the family of heat shock proteins. Our results revealed significant changes in blood parameters and showed the presence of acanthocytes, tear drop cells, spicules and cobot rings in the treated categories. Lactate dehydrogenase and esterase zymograms displayed a shift to anaerobic metabolism generating hypoxia-like conditions. This study strongly suggests that NDMA treatment causes acute toxicity leading to cell membrane destruction and alters protein profiles in rats. It is therefore recommended that caution should be exercised in using NDMA to avoid risks, and if at all necessary strategies should be designed to combat such conditions

Assessment of Chromium Oxide Nanoparticles Intake in Rattus norvegicus by Primary Renal Function Markers and RBC Architecture

Haematological tests are signifi cant diagnostic tools that are equally valuable as indicators of toxic insult or stress due to xenobiotics and environmental fl uctuations. Present study was designed to investigate alterations in primary renal function markers, pathological changes in kidneys and variations in RBCs shape of male wistar rats due to chromium oxide nanoparticles (Cr2O3NPs) exposure. Cr2O3NPs are transition metal oxide NPs which are widely being used as catalysts, pigments and coating materials. Therefore, toxicological evaluation is fundamental with respect to their increasing applications. In the current study, synthesis of Cr2O3 NPs was accomplished by sol - gel method and characterized in sequential manner by electron microscopy (TEM and SEM). TEM analysis revealed size - distribution of test NPs in the range 22.50 ± 1.76 nm. SEM represented the morphological features with high homogeneity of sample NPs validating Cr2O3NPs synthesis. Toxicological fi ndings revealed deviations in renal function test of treated rats with respect to the control group indicative of kidney damage. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) was found to be signifi cantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) after 14 days high dose exposure in comparison to control rats. Extensive changes in kidneys architecture were noted after repeated exposures to high dose. Various structural deformations of RBCs including tear drop cells, bite cells, elliptocytes, echinocytes etc were also observed. Results of present investigations, though preliminary but clearly demonstrate that oral administration of Cr2O3 NPs induces biochemical changes consequently leading to alterations in renal function parameters and RBC shapes of exposed rats.</p

Psychological Effect of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome on Health Related Quality of Life among Young Women: Moderating Role of Proactive Coping Strategies

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOs) in young women is a major hormonal syndrome that not only effects their quality of life (QoL) but overall mental wellbeing is also effected. Worldwide, prevalence rate of PCOs among women is reported to be more than 70% which is increasing day by day. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to examine the effect of PCOs on HR-QoL among young women and to explore the moderating role of proactive coping strategies between PCOs and Health Related Quality of life. For this purpose, 200 outdoor diagnosed patients of PCOs were selected by using purposive sampling techniques, from different hospitals in Islamabad. They were requested to complete three sets of questionnaires, namely, PCOs symptom questionnaire, WHOQoL- BREF, for measuring Health Related Quality of Life and Proactive Coping Inventory. Percentage and Regression analyses was performed to assess effect of PCOs on health related quality of life and the moderating role of proactive coping strategies. Findings revealed that the mean age range of participants as 22.04.&nbsp; Majority of them have done matriculation (60%, n= 121) and were employed (79%, n=159). Following Regression Analysis, results showed that PCOs had a significant negative impact upon HR-QoL (p&lt;.05). Findings also revealed that high score on PCOs symptom checklist negatively affects the Health Related Quality of Life (?= .030, p&gt;.05). Furthermore, proactive coping strategies and reflective coping strategies had insignificant role in PCOs as p&lt;.05 whereas Strategic Planning and Preventive Coping appeared to have a significant moderating role between PCOs and Health Related Quality of Life (p&gt;.05). Overall, The presence of PCOs adversely impacts the HR-QoL of young adults. It predominantly affects psychological and social well-being rather than bodily working