Review of infant EEG studies in the context of maternal depression and anxiety

The environmental factors during pregnancy and early childhood affect development of individual in various manners. This review considers maternal perinatal depression and anxiety and their influences on offspring determined with electroencephalography (EEG) that measures the electrical activity of brain, either by observing EEG asymmetry or more specific, time linked components called event-related potentials (ERPs). The aim of this review is to raise the significance of maternal mental wellbeing and its effects in infant brain function and development, and also observe the possibilities of EEG as a tool in this study field. This review contains summaries and conclusions of 7 articles. To pick the articles, the following search phrase was used in PubMed: “EEG AND (infants or newborns or children) AND (brain or neuroimaging) AND emotion” and it yielded 424 articles. 20 of them were EEG studies and considered influences of maternal depression and/or anxiety on offspring’s neural responses measured by EEG. From this sample I chose 8 on the grounds of the age of test subjects (neonates to 17-month-olds) and ultimately 7 articles were included. This is not a systematic review as all the studies are relatively different with each other but together they do provide evidence for the likely negative influences of maternal perinatal stress on offspring. Across all the studies they found differences between infants that were perinatally exposed to maternal depression or anxiety and infants that were not. These studies also prove that EEG is suitable and usable method to perceive these influences

Guidelines for creating a testing process for a software - case study of comparing testing of two different size of slot game projects

Nowadays an important part of software development life cycle is software testing. As software and systems become more complex and integrated with other software and systems the importance of software testing becomes critical part of a successful software development process. Testing itself has a little value but for the software the testing is necessary. Well planned software testing can make mediocre software a great one whereas poorly executed testing can even harm the final product. Thus, it is important that there is well designed testing process for a software project. As every software project differ from each other the testing process can also vary from project to project. There are multiple levels, types and techniques of testing that can implemented to a testing process made for a certain software project. Creating an efficient and functional testing process can be a difficult task. In the case study of the paper it is concluded that two similar software projects of different size have multiple differences but do not force of creating two different testing process as both use the same kind development life cycle and both software projects are the same type, slot games. The major difference for testing is that as a major software project, compared to a minor one, has more requirements it is important to consider them in testing strategy and planning but not in the testing process

Climate ambitious cities in Europe : Case study of motivational drivers behind urban climate response of Bologna and Turku

Repelling global warming is no longer a question of political agreements under the United Nations and among nation states. From the beginning of 2000, cities have globally stepped up in the vanguard of the battle against climate change. This thesis concentrates on cities and motivation behind climate policy targets of urban climate governance. Why have cities set challenging climate targets that even more ambitious than similar targets of their nation states? To find out reasoning, I have sought to unwrap the theme of urban climate governance and environmental motivation with the assistance of perceptions of two case cities and drivers behind their climate policies and targets. These cities are Finnish city Turku, which aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and become carbon neutral, along with Italian Bologna, which has drawn a comprehensive adaptation plan of climate change. Remarkably, the before mentioned cities have set stricter goals than their states in a similar field. Additional to findings of case cities, thesis leans upon previous results of climate and environmental motivation in cities. Through categorization of five motivational drivers: economic, ecological and liveability, political and cultural, framing and social, I have sought to explain, what kind of drivers have spurred cities for the collective expression of climate motivation and to establish climate policy objectives. This thesis explains how urban actors are motivated to take action in a global environmental challenge, which by no means is required field of policy practice. Case cities Turku and Bologna display rich insight on motivation towards policies, which aim to greenhouse gas emission reductions and adapting to climate-induced changes. Despite different goals, distinct drivers often coexist in harmony. Reasons for urban climate action in municipalities are multifaceted and plenty. Objectives are both in the prevention and creating new possibilities. Justifications vary between benefits for the local community to doing one’s share in global responsibility. Overall, mitigation policies are less justified with environmental and liveability than adaptation, and more often, drivers of economy and framing have a decisive role. By defining targets and measures, case cities have been able to create governability over the global issue. These cities have managed to turn global warming into wholeness, which impacts the urban environment, and local measures can be separated. In overall picture, without urban climate action, repelling global warming is next to an impossible task

Implementing the WeeFIM System in Outpatient Pediatric Rehabilitation

Abstract This project was designed to achieve an unmet criteria in the accreditation process for the outpatient pediatric rehabilitation program at a local, community hospital in the greater Bay Area. The clients range from 6 months old to 20 years old with functional disabilities. The Commission of Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF) requires that applicants demonstrate outcome measure data over a 6 month time period. During the self-evaluation process this was noted to be a deficiency in the department’s efforts. The WeeFIM system was chosen as the first tool to implement in the department. This is a functional improvement measurement tool based on 18 categories of ability. For this project, the staff was prepared and the tool was implemented over a 2-month period. The goal was to get baseline data for 98% of all outpatients seen in the month of July 2017. The team of 6 rehabilitation specialists, including physical therapists, occupational therapists and registered nurses, exceeded the primary goal by achieving 100% compliance in the 1st month of use. The WeeFIM system was chosen as the most appropriate outcome measure tool for the departments needs based on a literature review, input from the multidisciplinary team and peer review. The participating staff was trained through online modules provided by the WeeFIM system as well as through a number of open discussion forums. Each participating team member passed a calibration exam that ensured the outcomes were measured without much variability between individuals. This project was successful and is projected to create a large influx of revenue and client referrals to the department. It has been supported by leadership and stakeholders. The continuation of this project will require a great deal of energy and attention but the outcomes for the clients, their families and the hospital itself are exponential

Old Title, New Traditions : Negotiating Ideals of Femininity in Krest'ianka Magazine

Peer reviewe

Digital media and cultural institutions in Russia : online magazines as aggregates of cultural services

Focusing on online magazines, this article sheds light on Russian cultural institutions from the perspective of digital media. My analysis concentrates on urban lifestyle magazines, a sub-category of consumer magazines and a media genre, which emerged in Russia in the glossy magazine format and is now experiencing a powerful second rising' on the internet. My article asks how the adaptation to the digital communication environment by lifestyle publications re-defines the very concept of a magazine and reorganizes the institutional ties between media and cultural industries. This focus enables me to analyse lifestyle magazines as a dynamic field of interaction in which cultural meanings are produced and negotiated. Based on new media studies, I see the cultural transcoding (Manovich 2002) of the networked and automatized information transmission into the magazines' content as being a significant factor in the development of contemporary culture and media. Ultimately, my article introduces an attempt to analyse new media titles combining qualitative media analysis with the developing theory of algorithmic culture' (Striphas 2015). My argumentation is based on two case publications: Afisha, established in 1999 as a weekly glossy magazine introducing all cultural events in Moscow, and Inde, a digital-born regional lifestyle magazine focusing on urban culture in the Republic of Tatarstan. Urban lifestyle magazines are important for the institutional organization of Russian culture, as they direct their readers' attention to a broad selection of arts, products and events; strengthen the link between consumers and cultural entrepreneurs and build on a long tradition of print journalism, thereby transmitting the values of reading and literacy to a popular public. Moreover, my analysis shows that, through their multi-platform publication strategy, online magazines (re)organize as aggregates of digital resources helping to manage cultural decision-making in a consumerist setting.Peer reviewe

Independent and popular? : Russian youth videos in the age of globalization

Peer reviewe

Russian Digital Lifestyle Media and the Construction of Global Selves

Peer reviewe

Glamour-turistit Suomen kaupoissa

Non peer reviewe

Att tolka tegel: En studie av byggnadstekniken i Heliga korsets kyrka i Hattula

Research On the Building Technique of St Cross Church of Hattula in Häme By Tanja Ratilainen The main object of the research was to see what kind of building technique was used and how the building process had proceeded in the 15th century when the St Cross Church of Hattula was built. In addition, it was to see if the building technique could give some proof of the debated issue on whether the Hattula Church was built in a single building phase or not. Firstly, I had to define the original medieval masonry. In doing so, I discovered some new facts about the repairs that had been done during the long history of the church. Secondly, the research of the building technique resulted in a number of interesting facts about the wedges, bonding technique, scaffolding and the lifting levels of the masonry. Thirdly, the vertical joints hint that the bricklayers proceeded from the east end of the nave towards the west end and from the gable ends of the sacristy and the porch towards the nave. Fourthly, it is probable that the same groups of bricklayers had worked on the different parts of the church, the nave, the sacristy and the porch. Therefore, this result combined with other evidence suggests that the church was built in many stages within one single building phase