23 research outputs found
Low cloud precipitation climatology in the southeastern Pacific marine stratocumulus region using CloudSat
WHOI Hawaii Ocean Timeseries Station (WHOTS) : WHOTS-6 2009 mooring turnaround cruise report
The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Hawaii Ocean Timeseries Site
(WHOTS), 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii, is intended to provide long-term, high-quality air-sea
fluxes as a part of the NOAA Climate Observation Program. The WHOTS mooring also serves
as a coordinated part of the Hawaiian Ocean Timeseries (HOT) program, contributing to the
goals of observing heat, fresh water and chemical fluxes at a site representative of the
oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for
meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 22.75°N, 158°W by successive
mooring turnarounds. These observations will be used to investigate airâsea interaction processes
related to climate variability.
The first WHOTS mooring (WHOTS-1) was deployed in August 2004. Turnaround cruises for
successive moorings (WHOTS-2 through WHOTS-5) have typically been in either June or July.
This report documents recovery of the WHOTS-5 mooring and deployment of the sixth mooring
(WHOTS-6). The moorings utilize Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element and are outfitted
with two AirâSea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each ASIMET system measures,
records, and transmits via Argos satellite the surface meteorological variables necessary to
compute airâsea fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. The upper 155 m of the mooring is
outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, conductivity and
velocity in a cooperative effort with R. Lukas of the University of Hawaii (UH). A pCO2 system
is installed on the buoy in a cooperative effort with Chris Sabine at the Pacific Marine
Environmental Laboratory. Dr. Frank Bradley, CSIRO, Australia, assisted with meteorological
sensor comparisons. A NOAA âTeacher at Seaâ and a NOAA âTeacher in the Labâ participated
in the cruise.
The WHOTS mooring turnaround was done on the University of Hawaii research vessel
Kilo Moana, Cruise KM-09-16, by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution in cooperation with UH and NOAAâs Earth System Research
Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division (ESRL/PSD). The cruise took place between 9 and 17
July 2009. Operations began with deployment of the WHOTS-6 mooring on 10 July at
approximately 22°40.0'N, 157°57.0'W in 4758 m of water. This was followed by meteorological
intercomparisons and CTDs at the WHOTS-6 and WHOTS-5 sites. The WHOTS-5 mooring was
recovered on 15 July 2009. The Kilo Moana then moved to the HOT central site (22°45.0'N,
158°00.0'W) for CTD casts. This report describes the cruise operations in more detail, as well as
some of the in-port operations and pre-cruise buoy preparations.Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
under Grant No. NA17RJ1223 for the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research (CICOR)
The Human Phenotype Ontology in 2024: phenotypes around the world.
The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) is a widely used resource that comprehensively organizes and defines the phenotypic features of human disease, enabling computational inference and supporting genomic and phenotypic analyses through semantic similarity and machine learning algorithms. The HPO has widespread applications in clinical diagnostics and translational research, including genomic diagnostics, gene-disease discovery, and cohort analytics. In recent years, groups around the world have developed translations of the HPO from English to other languages, and the HPO browser has been internationalized, allowing users to view HPO term labels and in many cases synonyms and definitions in ten languages in addition to English. Since our last report, a total of 2239 new HPO terms and 49235 new HPO annotations were developed, many in collaboration with external groups in the fields of psychiatry, arthrogryposis, immunology and cardiology. The Medical Action Ontology (MAxO) is a new effort to model treatments and other measures taken for clinical management. Finally, the HPO consortium is contributing to efforts to integrate the HPO and the GA4GH Phenopacket Schema into electronic health records (EHRs) with the goal of more standardized and computable integration of rare disease data in EHRs
Prevalence, quantitative load and genetic diversity of Campylobacter spp. in dairy cattle herds in Lithuania
Risk factors of migraine-related brain white matter hyperintensities: an investigation of 186 patients
Brain white matter hyperintensities are more prevalent in migraine patients than in the general population, but the pathogenesis and the risk factors of these hyperintensities are not fully elucidated. The authors analyzed the routine clinical data of 186 migraine patients who were referred to the Outpatient Headache Department of the Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Hungary between 2007 and 2009: 58 patients with white matter hyperintensities and 128 patients without white matter hyperintensities on 3 T MRI. Significant associations between the presence of white matter hyperintensities and longer disease duration (14.4 vs. 19.9 years, p = 0.004), higher headache frequency (4.1 vs. 5.5 attacks/month, p = 0.017), hyperhomocysteinemia (incidence of hyperintensity is 9/9 = 100%, p = 0.009) and thyroid gland dysfunction (incidence of hyperintensity is 8/14 = 57.1%, p = 0.038) were found. These data support the theory that both the disease duration and the attack frequency have a key role in the formation of migraine-related brain white matter hyperintensities, but the effects of comorbid diseases may also contribute to the development of the hyperintensities
Low cloud precipitation climatology in the southeastern Pacific marine stratocumulus region using CloudSat
Regional Intensification of the Tropical Hydrological Cycle During ENSO
International audienceThis study provides observational evidence for feedbacks that amplify the short-term hydrological response associated with the warm phase of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Our analyses make use of a comprehensive set of independent satellite observations collected over decades to show that much larger local changes to cloud ( 50%/K) and precipitation ( 60%/K) occur than would be expected from the guidance of Clausius-Clapeyron theory ( 7%/K). This amplification comes from atmospheric feedbacks involving shifts in the patterns of latent and radiative heating that mutually act on the dynamics enhancing changes to the hydrological cycle. We also confirm the existence of an opposing negative flux feedback at the ocean surface, driven largely by solar radiation changes, that opposes the surface warming. Estimates of the strength of this and other feedback factors associated with warming in the Niño3 region are provided from observations. These observations are also used to examine comparative processes and feedbacks in model experiments from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project
The Polarized Submillimeter Ice-Cloud Radiometer (PolSIR): Observing the diurnal cycle of ice clouds in the tropics and sub-tropics
International audienceIn May 2023 NASA has selected PolSIR as the latest addition to its Earth Venture Instrument class missions. This presentation will give an overview on PolSIR and its objectives. PolSIR addresses key research priorities related to uncertainties in our current understanding in high clouds and cloud feedbacks as formulated in NASAâs latest Decadal Survey and in the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment. In this context, PolSIR will address the following objectives: Constrain the seasonally influenced diurnal cycle amplitude, form, and timing of the ice water path (IWP) and particle diameter in tropical and sub-tropical ice clouds Determine the diurnal variability of ice clouds in the convective outflow areas and understand relation to deep convection Determine the relationship between shortwave and longwave radiative fluxes and the diurnal variability of ice clouds Enable improvement of climate models by providing novel observations of the diurnal cycle of ice clouds, ultimately leading to improved climate modeling skills and increased fidelity of climate forecasts in support of critical decision-making.The PolSIR mission consists of two 12U CubeSats, each equipped with a cross-track scanning polarized submillimeter radiometer in the spectral range of 325â680 GHz. The two PolSIR satellites fly in separate, 52-degree inclination, non-sun-synchronous orbits, taking science measurements between ±35 degrees latitude enabling monthly sampling of the diurnal cycle of ice clouds and their microphysical properties in the tropics and sub-tropics. PolSIRâs observation concept provides significant benefits over the Program of Record (PoR) as well as synergies with future missions which will either be in sun-synchronous orbits, thus not sampling the diurnal cycle, or lack the observation frequencies needed to fully observe ice water path (IWP)
Efficacy of a brief case management intervention to link recently diagnosed HIV-infected persons to care
The Polarized Submillimeter Ice-Cloud Radiometer (PolSIR): Observing the diurnal cycle of ice clouds in the tropics and sub-tropics
International audienceIn May 2023 NASA has selected PolSIR as the latest addition to its Earth Venture Instrument class missions. This presentation will give an overview on PolSIR and its objectives. PolSIR addresses key research priorities related to uncertainties in our current understanding in high clouds and cloud feedbacks as formulated in NASAâs latest Decadal Survey and in the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment. In this context, PolSIR will address the following objectives: Constrain the seasonally influenced diurnal cycle amplitude, form, and timing of the ice water path (IWP) and particle diameter in tropical and sub-tropical ice clouds Determine the diurnal variability of ice clouds in the convective outflow areas and understand relation to deep convection Determine the relationship between shortwave and longwave radiative fluxes and the diurnal variability of ice clouds Enable improvement of climate models by providing novel observations of the diurnal cycle of ice clouds, ultimately leading to improved climate modeling skills and increased fidelity of climate forecasts in support of critical decision-making.The PolSIR mission consists of two 12U CubeSats, each equipped with a cross-track scanning polarized submillimeter radiometer in the spectral range of 325â680 GHz. The two PolSIR satellites fly in separate, 52-degree inclination, non-sun-synchronous orbits, taking science measurements between ±35 degrees latitude enabling monthly sampling of the diurnal cycle of ice clouds and their microphysical properties in the tropics and sub-tropics. PolSIRâs observation concept provides significant benefits over the Program of Record (PoR) as well as synergies with future missions which will either be in sun-synchronous orbits, thus not sampling the diurnal cycle, or lack the observation frequencies needed to fully observe ice water path (IWP)