166 research outputs found

    Diels-Alder cycloaddition of o-quinonedimethides and alkylidene-5H-furan-2-ones: new and rapid access to lambertellol cores and arthrinone derivatives

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    International audienceAn efficient synthesis of deoxy-lambertellols was reported through a highly chemo- and diastereoselective intermolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition between trans-1,2-disiloxybenzocyclobutenes and 2-methylproto- anemonine. Such transformation with d-substituted c- alkylidenebutenolides, to prepare new analogues of these tricyclic spirolactones, which would be very difficult to prepare by other ways, was also studied

    Synthesis of Indolizine and Pyrrolo[1,2- a ]azepine Derivatives via a Gold(I)-Catalyzed Three-Step Cascade

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    International audienceLinear N-alkenyl or alkynyl N-sulfonyl 1-aminobut-3-yn-2-ones are converted into bicyclic indolizines and pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine-type alkaloids upon gold(I) catalysis (17 examples, 10-85%). The reaction cascade allowed to form C-N, O-S and CC bonds via a cycloisomerization/sulfonyl migration/cyclization process using 10 mol % of [(2-biphenyl)di-tert-butylphosphine]gold(I) triflimide complex in dichloromethane

    Trans-1,2-disiloxybenzocyclobutene, an adequate partner for the auto-oxisation: EPR/spin trapping and theoretical studies

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    International audienceThe auto-oxidation of trans-1,2-disiloxybenzocyclobutene was found to be very efficient, giving endoperoxide in quantitative yield. Each step of the mechanism of spin-forbidden addition of triplet oxygen O2 was studied by both EPR/spin trapping and theoretical studies

    Shape Self-Regulation in Early Lung Morphogenesis

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    The arborescent architecture of mammalian conductive airways results from the repeated branching of lung endoderm into surrounding mesoderm. Subsequent lung’s striking geometrical features have long raised the question of developmental mechanisms involved in morphogenesis. Many molecular actors have been identified, and several studies demonstrated the central role of Fgf10 and Shh in growth and branching. However, the actual branching mechanism and the way branching events are organized at the organ scale to achieve a self-avoiding tree remain to be understood through a model compatible with evidenced signaling. In this paper we show that the mere diffusion of FGF10 from distal mesenchyme involves differential epithelial proliferation that spontaneously leads to branching. Modeling FGF10 diffusion from sub-mesothelial mesenchyme where Fgf10 is known to be expressed and computing epithelial and mesenchymal growth in a coupled manner, we found that the resulting laplacian dynamics precisely accounts for the patterning of FGF10-induced genes, and that it spontaneously involves differential proliferation leading to a self-avoiding and space-filling tree, through mechanisms that we detail. The tree’s fine morphological features depend on the epithelial growth response to FGF10, underlain by the lung’s complex regulatory network. Notably, our results suggest that no branching information has to be encoded and that no master routine is required to organize branching events at the organ scale. Despite its simplicity, this model identifies key mechanisms of lung development, from branching to organ-scale organization, and could prove relevant to the development of other branched organs relying on similar pathways

    Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

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    RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≄60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

    Adieu Ă  Jean Remy

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    Jean Remy nous a quittĂ©s en octobre 2019, il approchait 91 ans. Économiste de formation, il est devenu professeur de sociologie Ă  l’universitĂ© catholique de Louvain ; ses principaux centres d’intĂ©rĂȘt Ă©taient la sociologie des religions et celle des villes. Mais il a dĂ©veloppĂ© une approche originale, abordant les villes et les religions comme des faits culturels et montrant qu’il y a beaucoup de culture dans l’économie. En s’inspirant librement de Karl Marx, d’Émile Durkheim et de Max Weber, ..

    Résultats de la prise en charge intra-artérielle des accidents vasculaires cérébraux ischémiques en phase aiguë à l'hÎpital Henri Mondor de 2005 à 2008

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    La thrombolyse intraveineuse a transformĂ© la prise en charge des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux ischĂ©miques (AVCi) de moins de 3 heures. En cas de contre indication, d Ă©chec ou d arrivĂ©e tardive Ă  l hĂŽpital, une thrombolyse chimique et/ou mĂ©canique intra-artĂ©rielle peut-ĂȘtre tentĂ©e. Nous rapportons les rĂ©sultats de ces procĂ©dures endovasculaires rĂ©alisĂ©es Ă  l hĂŽpital Henri Mondor entre 2005 et 2008. MatĂ©riel et mĂ©thode. Les occlusions concernant le territoire carotidien sont comparĂ©es aux groupes placĂ©bo et traitement de l Ă©tude PROACT II (Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism II). Les occlusions du tronc basilaire (TB) sont comparĂ©es au groupe combinĂ© thrombolyse chimique intra artĂ©rielle de la mĂ©ta-analyse de Lindsberg. RĂ©sultats. 31 patients ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d une procĂ©dure intra-artĂ©rielle : 23 en territoire carotidien et 8 pour occlusion du TB. Ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©s : rt-PA (22%), abciximab (25%), thrombectomie mĂ©canique (84%), angioplastie (59%) et stenting intracrĂąnien(16%),extra-crĂąnien (25%). Dans le sous-groupe occlusion d un trĂšs gros troncs artĂ©riels du territoire carotidien (ACI, terminaison carotidienne en T et occlusion carotidienne en tandem), 46% de ces patients sont autonomes Ă  3 mois contre 20% en cas d occlusion isolĂ©e Ă  l artĂšre cĂ©rĂ©brale moyenne. De plus il existe un risque d HICS de 40% dans le sous-groupe occlusion isolĂ©e de l ACM . TB: gain de 50% de patients indĂ©pendants Ă  3 mois en ajoutant les techniques mĂ©caniques Ă  la thrombolyse chimique IA. Conclusion. Les procĂ©dures mĂ©caniques intra artĂ©rielles augmentent significativement les taux de recanalisation et tendent Ă  augmenter l indĂ©pendance des patients Ă  3 mois dans les sous-groupes occlusion d un trĂšs gros tronc artĂ©riel et TB . Un traitement anticoagulant ou antiagrĂ©gant prĂ©existant Ă  l AVCi semble favoriser une meilleure rĂ©cupĂ©ration Ă  3 mois par contre les techniques mĂ©caniques semblent dĂ©lĂ©tĂšres dans l occlusion isolĂ©e de l ACM. L autonomie en cas d occlusion du TB reste dĂ©pendante de la recanalisation.La thrombolyse intraveineuse a transformĂ© la prise en charge des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux ischĂ©miques (AVCi) de moins de 3 heures. En cas de contre indication, d Ă©chec ou d arrivĂ©e tardive Ă  l hĂŽpital, une thrombolyse chimique et/ou mĂ©canique intra-artĂ©rielle peut-ĂȘtre tentĂ©e. Nous rapportons les rĂ©sultats de ces procĂ©dures endovasculaires rĂ©alisĂ©es Ă  l hĂŽpital Henri Mondor entre 2005 et 2008. MatĂ©riel et mĂ©thode. Les occlusions concernant le territoire carotidien sont comparĂ©es aux 2 groupes contrĂŽle placĂ©bo et traitement de l Ă©tude PROACT II (Prolyse in Acute CerebralThromboembolism II). Les occlusions du tronc basilaire (TB) sont comparĂ©es au groupe combinĂ© thrombolyse chimique intra artĂ©rielle de la mĂ©ta-analyse de Lindsberg. RĂ©sultats. 31 patients ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d une procĂ©dure intra-artĂ©rielle : 23 en territoire carotidien et 8 pour occlusion du TB. Ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©s : rt-PA (22%), abciximab (25%), thrombectomie mĂ©canique (84%), angioplastie (59%) et stenting intracrĂąnien(16%),extra-crĂąnien (25%). Dans le sous-groupe occlusion d un trĂšs gros troncs artĂ©riels du territoire carotidien (ACI, terminaison carotidienne en T et occlusion carotidienne en tandem), 46% de ces patients sont autonomes Ă  3 mois contre 20% en cas d occlusion isolĂ©e Ă  l artĂšre cĂ©rĂ©brale moyenne. De plus il existe un risque d HICS de 40% dans le sous-groupe occlusion isolĂ©e de l ACM . TB: gain de 50% de patients indĂ©pendants Ă  3 mois en ajoutant les techniques mĂ©caniques Ă  la thrombolyse chimique IA. Conclusion. Les procĂ©dures mĂ©caniques intra artĂ©rielles augmentent significativement les taux de recanalisation et tendent Ă  augmenter l indĂ©pendance des patients Ă  3 mois dans le sous-groupe occlusion d un trĂšs gros tronc artĂ©riel . Un traitement anticoagulant ou antiagrĂ©gant prĂ©existant Ă  l AVCi semble favoriser une meilleure rĂ©cupĂ©ration Ă  3 mois par contre les techniques mĂ©caniques semblent dĂ©lĂ©tĂšres dans l occlusion isolĂ©e de l ACM. L autonomie en cas d occlusion du TB reste dĂ©pendante de la recanalisation.PARIS12-CRETEIL BU MĂ©decine (940282101) / SudocSudocFranceF
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