Cataract Surgery in Anterior Megalophthalmos: A Review

Anterior megalophthalmos is characterized by megalocornea associated with a very broad anterior chamber and ciliary ring elongation. It is also known as X-linked megalocornea. It is accompanied by the early development of cataracts, zonular anomalies, and rarely vitreoretinal disorders. Cataract surgery involves the risk of subluxation of the cataract because zonular weakness. In addition, in most cases, standard IOL decentration is a danger due to the enlargement of the sulcus and capsular bag. Cataract surgery is challenging because of these unique circumstances. Several approaches have been performed to date. Implantation of a retropupillary iris-claw aphakic intraocular lens might be a good option, since it is easier than suturing the IOL and could have better and more stable anatomic and visual outcomes compared with the other techniques

Desmanthus: A New Forage Legume to Improve Wool Growth in Tropical Australia

In tropical Australia, very short and erratic wet seasons are the critical factors in determining forage growth and animal production (Wheeler & Freer, 1986). Grasses are highly susceptible to low rainfall and animal production in such conditions become strictly seasonal. Improvements in meat and wool production by the introduction of stylo species (Stylosanthes sp.) into natural grasslands have been intensively reported (Gillard & Winter, 1984). However, there are currently no suitable introduced legumes for the c.28 million ha of Mitchell grass (Astrebla spp.) plains in heavy clay soils of western North Queensland, grazed predominately by wool producing Merino sheep (Phelps, 1999). Members of the genus Desmanthus appear to offer the possibility for filling this role (Gardiner et al., 2004). This work aimed to evaluate the potential of four Desmanthus accessions, in comparison with Verano stylo (Stylosanthes hamata cv. Verano), as alternative supplements for diets of Mitchell grass hay fed to Merino wethers in western North Queensland

Male tilapia production techniques: A mini-review

Tilapia culture has been growing over the past decades as an excellent source of high-quality protein. Some of the Tilapia´s advantages are the ability to breed and produce new generations rapidly, tolerate shallow and turbid waters, resist a high level of disease and be flexible for culture under many different farming systems. These characteristics are the main reasons for its commercial success. However, one of them contributes to the major drawback of pond culture: the high level of uncontrolled reproduction that may occur in grow-out ponds. Uncontrolled reproduction yields to stunted growth and unmar-ketable fish due to offspring competing with the initial stock for food, besides other problems like less dissolved oxygen, greater release of ammonia and feces, heterogeneous sizes and overpopulation stress. Monosex production has been preferred in order to deal with these issues. Males are preferred because they grow almost twice as fast as the females. This paper reviews monosex male production techniques and their results, comprising environment manipulation, hybridization, sex reversal and genetic manipulation. The choice of a particular technique would depend on the legislation of each country. This review’s should help to select the appropriate technique depending on the market target and the commercial technology available.Keywords: Monosex production, hybridization, sex reversal, environmental and genetic sex determinationAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(36), pp. 5496-550

Phytochemical and bioactive potentials of African Annonaceae species

This review aims to gather available information on the medicinal, nutritional, and bioactive profiles of Annonaceae species in the African continent, sponsoring their use worldwide and mainly in African communities, where access to food and medicines for basic health care is scarce. >60 medicinal taxa were compiled, belonging to 22 genera, namely Annickia, Annona, Anonidium, Artabotrys, Cleistochlamys, Cleistopholis, Dennettia, Duguetia, Greenwayodendron, Hexalobus, Isolona, Lettowianthus, Monanthotaxis, Monodora, Neostenanthera, Polyceratocarpus, Sphaerocoryne, Uvaria, Uvariastrum, Uvariodendron, Uvariopsis and Xylopia; the most diverse and economically important genera were the genera Annona, Uvaria and Xylopia with 7 species each. Annonaceae species hold a valuable nutritional profile, rich in proteins, fibers, and minerals, being also good sources of a wide range of bioactive compounds of high biological relevance. These compounds are especially important in developing countries, where most of these species are available for direct use as food and/or medicines by the most deprived populations.The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support from the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) national funds to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDB/00690/2020) and UIDP/00690/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDP/00690/2020)), SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/LA/P/0007/2020)), LEAF (UIDB/04129/2020 and UIDP/04129/2020) and cE3c (UIDB/00329/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDB/00329/2020)) and for the national funding by FCT and P.I. in the form of the institutional scientific employment program for the contracts of ˆA. Fernandes (DOI: 10.54499/CEECINST/00016/2018/CP1505/CT0008), and the PhD fellowships PRT/BD/152088/2021 and 2021.04585.BD of J. Rangel and ˆA. Liberal, respectively. S. Catarino was funded by GenoCash Project (PTDC/ASP-AGR/0760/2020).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Baterias de Ião-Lítio: Materiais, Componentes, Integração e Desafios

RESUMO: O armazenamento eletroquímico de energia, através de baterias, constitui uma das tecnologias fundamentais para o armazenamento de energia, tanto nas redes elétricas com elevada penetração de fontes renováveis, como na mobilidade elétrica, com perspetivas de crescimento exponencial, destacando-se ainda a sua contribuição decisiva nos sistemas de armazenamento estacionário em comunidades de energia. Dos variados sistemas de baterias existentes no mercado, as baterias de ião lítio (LIB’s - Lithium-ion Batteries) ocupam atualmente o papel mais relevante.N/

Assessment of the plant growth promotion abilities of six bacterial isolates using Zea mays as indicator plant

Zea mays, one of the most important cereals worldwide, is a plant not only with food and energy value, but also with phytoremediation potential. The use of plant growth promoting (PGP) rhizobacteria may constitute a biological alternative to increase crop yield and plant resistance to degraded environments. In search for PGP rhizobacteria strains, 6 bacterial isolates were isolated from a metal contaminated site, screened in vitro for their PGP characteristics and their effects on the growth of Z. mays were assessed. Isolates were identified as 3A10T, ECP37T, corresponding to Chryseobacterium palustre and Chryseobacterium humi, and 1ZP4, EC15, EC30 and 1C2, corresponding to strains within the genera Sphingobacterium, Bacillus, Achromobacter, and Ralstonia, respectively. All the bacterial isolates were shown to produce indole acetic acid, hydrogen cyanide and ammonia when tested in vitro for their plant growth promoting abilities, but only isolates 1C2, 1ZP4 and ECP37T have shown siderophore production. Their further application in a greenhouse experiment using Z. mays indicated that plant traits such as root and shoot elongation and biomass production, and nutrient status, namely N and P levels, were influenced by the inoculation, with plants inoculated with 1C2 generally outperforming the other treatments. Two other bacterial isolates, 1ZP4 and ECP37T also led to increased plant growth in the greenhouse. These 3 species, corresponding to strains within the genera Ralstonia (1C2), Sphingobacterium (1ZP4), and to a strain identified as C. humi (ECP37T) can thus be potential agents to increase crop yield in maize plants.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Forage Yield and Structural Traits of Tanzaniagrass (\u3cem\u3ePanicum Maximum\u3c/em\u3e) at Four Canopy Heights

Pasture forage production is based on the growth of tillers (Hodgson, 1990). Although the effect of canopy height and structural traits on productivity of temperate grasses are well known e.g. (Bircham & Hodgson,1983; Binnie & Chestnut, 1994) tiller studies on tropical pasture species are scarce

Identification of drought-responsive genes in roots of upland rice (Oryza sativa L)

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