Spatial projection of input-ouput tables for small areas

Studies on regional economy have achieved a huge expansion in the last decades. In particular, from an input-ouput optic many efforts have been devoted to carring out a suitable methodology, which enable us to cover the overall and exhaustive knowledge of the economic reality of one region. Given that a input-output table (IOT) gathers both intersectorial relationships and the final demand of the economy, it allows us to provide a reliable picture of one economy in a certain moment of time. Nonetheless, the elaboration of a IOT is a complex task, which needs many human and economic resources. Thus, most of the tables elaborated using direct methods have as a benchmark frame either a country or a region, although it is difficult to find matrices related to smaller geografic spaces like, for instance, counties. So, if we attempt to perform a deeper study of both spaces, it would be of great help if we could dispose of estimation methods, which enable us to make tables with less information, i.e, indirect (semidirect) methods of estimation. Let´s say that the economy of a region is determined by the relations among productive structures of their counties, therefore a previous knowledge of these productive structures can be interesting. The basic aim of this work consists of estimating a TIO for each one of the eight Asturian Counties in 1995, since this is the last period in which we possess published information relative to regional accounts. To this end, a technique focused on mathematical theory of the information: cross entropy, will be employed. Such a technique has lately been applied to the construction of regional tables, largely for two reasons: one, flexibility as regards the information it needs; the other, to produce some rather suitable empiric results. From the tables estimates by this method we will be able to know the characteristics of economic structures of the counties. To achieve this scope, tools related to the graph theory, have been applied. Their application in input-output analisis has a great potential to provide a simple vision of the relations between the different sectors, as well as being able to integrate matters as important as the relative positions of the sectors, their orientation or paths in which drive the economic influence inside the corresponding structure.

Validation of the Scale of Emotional States in the Physical Education Context

The purpose of the present study was to validate an instrument of student emotional experiences in the Spanish Physical Education context. The sample of participants consisted of 864 secondary education students from various educational institutions of Spain who ranged in age from 13 to 19 years. To assess the psychometric properties of the Scale of Emotions in Physical Education (SEPE), various types of analyses were conducted. The factor structure of the SEPE was examined through confirmatory factorial analysis in relation to two models. In the first model, it was proposed that the eight first order factors, which represented the eight emotional states, would be correlated amongst each other. In the second model, an eight-factor model with two higher order factors was proposed, with these higher order factors representing distinct sets of positive and negative emotions. The results provide support the presence of an eight-factor second order model which consisted of sets of four positive emotions and four negative emotions. These results provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the SEPE within the Spanish Physical Education context

Adaptation and Validation of the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) in Physical Education Classes and Analysis of Its Role as Mediator between Teacher and Anxiety

Physical education (PE) classes are one of the primary means of adopting healthy lifestyles and contribute greatly to personal well-being. However, it is necessary that students pay attention and do not enter a mind-wandering state as this can be negative for the purposes of PE classes. Therefore, we adapted and validated the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) to the Spanish PE context and analyzed the influence of the teacher on this new variable. Two independent samples of high school students between the ages of 13 and 19 participated in the study. In order to assess the psychometric properties of the MWQ, various analyses were carried out. The results of the confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) provided support for the structure of the questionnaire. The structure of the model was gender-invariant. The Cronbach alpha value was higher than 0.70 and showed an adequate level of temporal stability. In addition, we present a second study in which high school students between the ages of 13 and 19 participated, and which are independent of the first study. The analyses in this study were mainly based on structural equation modelling, and demonstrated the teacher’s influence on mind-wandering and showed that mind-wandering acted as a predictor of anxiety in high school students. The results of this study provided evidence of the reliability and validity of the MWQ in the Spanish PE context

Solar-thermal and hybrid photovoltaic-thermal systems for renewable heating

Grantham Briefing Papers analyse climate change and environmental research linked to work at Imperial College London, setting it in the context of national and international policy and the future research agenda. This paper and other Grantham publications are available from: www.imperial.ac.uk/grantham/publicationsThis paper looks at the barriers and opportunities for the mass deployment of solar-thermal technologies and offers a vision for the future of solar-thermal systems. HEADLINES: -Heat constitutes about half of total global energy demand. Solar heat offers key advantages over other renewable sources for meeting this demand through distributed, integrated systems. -Solar heat is a mature sustainable energy technology capable of mass deployment. There is significant scope for increasing the installed solar heat capacity in Europe. -Only a few European countries are close to reaching the EU target of 1 m2 of solar-thermal installations per person. -One key challenge for the further development of the solar-thermal market arises from issues related to the intermittency of the solar resource, and the requirement for storage and/or backup systems. The former increases investment costs and limits adaptability. -An analysis of EU countries with good market development, suggests that obligation schemes are the best policy option for maximising installations. These do not present a direct cost to the public budget, and determine the growth of the local industry in the long term. -Solar-thermal collectors can be combined with photovoltaic (PV) modules to produce hybrid PV-thermal (PV-T) collectors. These can deliver both heat and electricity simultaneously from the same installed area and at a higher overall efficiency compared to individual solar-thermal and PV panels installed separately. --Hybrid PV-T technology provides a particularly promising solution when roof space is limited or when heat and electricity are required at the same time.Preprin

Estudio paleobotánico del Paleógeno de Peguera:

Abstract not availabl

The Influence of the Social Context on Motivation towards the Practice of Physical Activity and the Intention to be Physically Active

According toWHOdata, only around 20% of adolescents participate in physical activity (PA) during their free time. The social context can act as a support for adolescents to do PA, given the e ect that both parents, friends and teachers have on young people’s behaviour owing to the large amount of time and influence they have on them. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyse the role of the social context on adolescents’ motivation to practise PA and their intention to be physically active. This study involved the participation of students in compulsory and post-compulsory secondary education. Several statistical analyses were performed, including three confirmatory factorial analyses of the scales and a structural equations model that explains the causal relationships between the variables. The results showed how support for autonomy in the social context positively predicts autonomous motivation, whereas the psychological control of the social context negatively predicts it. Autonomous motivation positively predicted intent, attitude, behavioural control and subjective norms, and consequently, the practice of physical activity. In short, the study showed how the three validated scales have adequate goodness-of-fit indices while the structural equations model demonstrated the influence of the social context on the student’s motivational processes and the adoption of active life habits

Adaptation and Validation the State Mindfulness Scale (SMS) to Physical Education in a Spanish Context

The aim of this study is to validate and adapt to the Spanish context of Physical Education (PE) the State Mindfulness Scale (SMS). The study included 1428 students aged 13–19. In order to analyse the psychometric properties of the SMS, an exploratory factorial analysis was carried out to confirm the presence of two factors, a confirmatory factorial analysis that has offered support for both the structure of two factors. We also included an analysis of temporal stability, an analysis of invariance across gender, an analysis of internal consistency and an analysis of predictive validity through a t-test in which mental health (β = −0.28, p < 0.001) and physical or bodily experience (β = −0.16, p < 0.001) negatively predicted anxiety, respectively. The structure of the questionnaire was valid and reliable, gender-neutral and with adequate levels of temporal stability

Análisis de ciudades a través su actividad en redes sociales

The analysis of the topics that are spoken in a city is done to know the opinions expressed by users about everyday situations or events that occur at any given time. This can be useful to different sectors of the business environment to get opinions on the impact of advertising campaigns, also to state institutions that are interested in knowing what people are expressing about issues related to government management or political campaigns. For the automatic detection of the number of subjects, two techniques were used, the harmonic mean and the frequency distribution of the hashtags found in the database of the social network under study. Then, using the algorithm Latent Dirichlet Allocation the groups of words belonging to each topic are obtained. According to the obtained results it is verified that the algorithm for the detection of the subjects is reliable because the majority of the terms of each group are related to each other.El análisis de los temas sobre los cuales se habla en una ciudad se realiza para conocer las opiniones que expresan los usuarios sobre situaciones cotidianas o eventos que ocurren en determinado momento. Esto puede servir a diferentes sectores del ámbito empresarial para conocer opiniones sobre el impacto de campañas publicitarias, también a instituciones del estado que estén interesadas en saber qué expresan las personas sobre algún tema relacionado con la gestión gubernamental o con campañas políticas. Para la detección automática del número de temas se utilizaron dos técnicas, una aplicando la media armónica y la otra utilizando la distribución de frecuencia de los hashtags encontrados en la base de datos de la red social bajo estudio. Después, por medio del algoritmo Latent Dirichlet Allocation se obtienen los grupos de palabras pertenecientes a cada tema. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos se comprueba que el algoritmo para la detección de los temas es fiable, ya que en su mayoría los términos de cada grupo están relacionados entre sí.[CA] L’anàlisi dels temes sobre els quals es parla en una ciutat es realitza per a conèixer les opinions que expressen els usuaris sobre situacions quotidianes o esdeveniments que ocorren en determinat moment. Açò pot servir a diferents sectors de l’àmbit empresarial per a conèixer opinions sobre l’impacte de campanyes publicitàries, també a institucions de l’estat que estiguen interessades a saber què expressen les persones sobre algun tema relacionat amb la gestió governamental o amb campanyes polítiques. Per a la detecció automàtica del nombre de temes es van utilitzar dues tècniques, una aplicant la mitjana harmònica i l’altra utilitzant la distribució de freqüència dels hashtags trobats en la base de dades de la xarxa social sota estudi. Després, per mitjà de l’algorisme Latent Dirichlet Allocation s’obtenen els grups de paraules pertanyents a cada tema. D’acord amb els resultats obtinguts es comprova que l’algorisme per a la detecció dels temes és fiable, ja que en la seua majoria els termes de cada grup estan relacionats entre si.Alvarez Ramos, L. (2017). Análisis de ciudades a través su actividad en redes sociales. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/89807TFG

Comercio internacional de frutas y hortalizas Nuevas oportunidades

Analiza la evolución histórica y más reciente del comercio internacional de frutas y hortalizas, en un sector que tiene grandes retos de innovación y diversificación de mercados, gestión logística y emprendimiento empresarial, en el que España juega un papel destacado a nivel mundial. Concluye que el comercio internacional de frutas y hortalizas no es aún un mercado maduro, que todavía hay recorrido y, sobre todo, que se presentan nuevas oportunidades de negocio con la internacionalización de las empresa