LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN, CONSERVACIÓN Y PUESTA EN VALOR DEL PATRIMONIO HISTÓRICO LOCAL: EL EJEMPLO DE LA VILLA ROMANA DE SALAR (GRANADA)

The determined bid of the Salar City Council for the research, conservation and enhancement of some of its heritage assets, the Roman villa of Salar (Granada), has had rapid consequences for this small and unknown municipality: in only two years, it has located as reference, not only at the provincial level, but also regional, of good practices with heritage, and a clear example of how to invest in this heritage reverses, in the short term and multiplied, in the locality that steers it, not only economically, but also socially and culturally.La decidida apuesta del Ayuntamiento de Salar (Granada) por la investigación, conservación y puesta en valor de unos de sus bienes patrimoniales, la villa romana de Salar, ha tenido unas rápidas consecuencias para este pequeño y, otrora, desconocido municipio: en solo dos años, lo ha situado como un referente, no solo a nivel comarcal y provincial, sino también regional, de buenas prácticas con el patrimonio, y un claro ejemplo de cómo la inversión en dicho patrimonio revierte, a corto plazo y multiplicado, en la localidad que lo protagoniza, no solo a nivel económico, sino también social y cultural

CO-121 Aplicación de Técnicas Analíticas Avanzadas en el Desarrollo de Nuevas Formulaciones para la Limpieza de Barnices en Obras de Arte

Cuando se lleva a cabo la limpieza de suciedad y de barniz en obras de arte con disolvente o emulsiones en medio acuoso es necesario considerar los efectos que pueden ocasionar sobre la policromía original. Este trabajo recoge los resultados de un estudio experimental sobre la eficacia de diferentes emulsiones a base de limonero para la limpieza de barnices en obras de arte, analizando su grado de eficacia, la permanencia de residuos en superficie y las posibles interacciones con las capas de policromía. La eficacia del tratamiento se ha comprobado mediante iluminación con luz ultravioleta, microscopía óptica polarizada, espectroscopía micro-Raman y cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectometría de masas

Biodeterioration patterns found in dammar resin used as art material

Since the middle of the XIX century, when dammar became popular in Occident, this natural resin is one of the most used in art painting techniques as final protective coating (varnish) as well as a component of pictorial media. The present work is the first approach to the study of the microbiological biodeterioration of this artistic material, which can seriously affect the appearance and integrity of works of art when bad conservation conditions -especially high humidity levels- take place. 12 microorganisms, fungi and bacteria, came from collection and from oil paintings affected by biodeterioration patterns, were inoculated on test specimens prepared with varnish dammar. These were incubated and analyzed by GC-MS to determine both the microbiological capacity of growth and chemical alteration on the resin. Some of the studied microorganisms have shown patterns of deterioration similar to those found in works dedicated to natural or accelerated photochemical ageing of triterpenoid varnishes.This study was supported by the National Spanish Project “I+D+I MCYT” CTQ2005-09339-C03-03

Biodeterioration patterns found in dammar resin used as art material

Since the middle of the XIX century, when dammar became popular in Occident, this natural resin is one of the most used in art painting techniques as final protective coating (varnish) as well as a component of pictorial media. The present work is the first approach to the study of the microbiological biodeterioration of this artistic material, which can seriously affect the appearance and integrity of works of art when bad conservation conditions -especially high humidity levels- take place. 12 microorganisms, fungi and bacteria, came from collection and from oil paintings affected by biodeterioration patterns, were inoculated on test specimens prepared with varnish dammar. These were incubated and analyzed by GC-MS to determine both the microbiological capacity of growth and chemical alteration on the resin. Some of the studied microorganisms have shown patterns of deterioration similar to those found in works dedicated to natural or accelerated photochemical ageing of triterpenoid varnishes

An approach to the study of the fungal deterioration of a classical art material: Mastic varnish

Mastic, one of the best natural varnishes, is frequently used as protective and finishing layer or as component of oleo-resinous media in paintings, both in the past and currently. However, this resin is affected by complex deterioration processes which can change its characteristics and thus the visual aspect of works of art. The alteration processes caused by radiation have been widely studied, but there is a lack of information on the biodeterioration of this natural product. In this paper, fungi from collections as well as from oil paintings of the Fine Arts Museum of Granada (Spain) were inoculated onto slides covered with mastic. The samples, after an incubation period of 15 days, were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the chemical changes undergone, and a visual monitoring of the samples was performed to determine the formation of mycelia onto solidified resins. Major changes were detected in Chrysonilia sitophila, Phoma herbarum, and P. chrysogenum, showing evidence of alteration processes caused or favoured by these microorgamisms

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Reexcavando sin destruir, cincuenta años después. Aplicación de nuevos planteamientos teóricos y metodologías a la villa romana de Bruñel (Quesada, Jaén)

The present article introduces the reader to the rural roman world and it specifically resumes the investigation of one of the most significant sites of the Iberian Peninsula, known as the roman uilla of Bruñel (Quesada, Jaén). This entity constitutes a magnificent archeological ensemble of great historic value that has been forgotten with time´s passing. It is here where it has been possible to verify an Iberian presence that goes back to the fourth century B.C. and a later roman occupation that stretches on from the second century A.D. to the fourth century A.D. and that materializes into a different type of constructive unit, the uilla.El presente artículo versa sobre el mundo rural romano, y en concreto retoma la investigación de uno de los yacimientos más significativos de la Península Ibérica, el conocido como la Villa Romana de Bruñel (Quesada, Jaén). Dicha entidad constituye un magnífico conjunto arqueológico de gran valor histórico, olvidado con el paso del tiempo, donde se ha podido constatar una presencia ibérica que se remonta al siglo IV a.C. y una posterior ocupación romana, la cual se extiende desde el siglo II d.C. al IV d.C., y que se materializa en un tipo de entidad constructiva concreta, la uilla

La villa de Salar (Granada): nuevo descubrimiento escultórico

Estudio de la escultura de Venus, descubierta en la Villa de El Salar (Salar, Granada)

Functional Programming With Dynamic Binding

Dynamic binding is a runtime operation which looks up some names in some environments: examples are quote and eval in LISP or object-oriented message passing. We present a functional language, in the spirit of ML or Haskell, which supports dynamic binding. At the surface level, the language supports constructs such as extensible records, variants, extensible case selection, quoted terms, and can encode various forms of objects. The underlying execution model is a lambda-calculus with name-based (labels, keywords) parameter passing. The type system supports subtyping, through an extension of Hindley-Milner type inference with recursively constrained types