“Perfil y Hábitos de compra del consumidor Latacungueño”

This study about the behavior of the Latacungueño consumer has been analyzed, starting from a literature review and a descriptive and quantitative methodology. An instrument was applied to a sample of 400 households in Latacunga Canton, through a telephone consultation, considering the elements that make up the profile and purchasing habits according to the literature. From the data obtained, the distribution of the family budget, the place of purchase, the member who makes the decision and the one who actually makes the purchase, the means of payment and the changes in all these processes from the pandemic was analyzed. The variables that influence these decisions were additionally determined, showing that in some cases the income level, the number of children, gender, and the type of dwelling were found to be significant, depending on the type of property and the decision made. Finally, it was learned how the pandemic influenced the change in purchasing habits of Latacungueño consumers, mainly associated with online purchases as well as the use of technological platforms. Through the information collected, the results were obtained that the Latacungueño consumer belongs to a low-income level, since he receives between 400 to 800 dollars, taking as a reference the cost of the basic basket of goods that includes 700 dollars. In addition, it was observed that the mother is in charge of buying the basic necessities, and the father makes the technology purchases. It can also be seen that in Latacunga the consumer prefers to make his payments in effect. Latacungueño consumers make their food purchases on a weekly and biweekly basis, cleaning products are purchased on a monthly basis, and products such as personal equipment, clothing and footwear, technology are purchased in periods greater than a semester. Using the ordinary least squares i methodology, the significant variables in terms of budget distribution, purchase frequency and payment method were analyzed, resulting in the variables that most intervene in these processes are income level, level education, parish, number of children, and gender. Regarding the changes in consumer buying habits in the city of Latacunga from the pandemic, it can be highlighted that people make purchases less frequently, and opted for purchases through delivery (home service), knowing that in previous years this means of purchase was not so common in the city of Latacunga.En el presente estudio se ha analizado el comportamiento del consumidor Latacungueño, partiendo de una revisión bibliográfica y una metodología descriptiva y cuantitativa. Se aplicó un instrumento a una muestra de 400 hogares del Cantón Latacunga, a través de una consulta telefónica, considerando para ello los elementos que conforman el perfil y los hábitos de compra de acuerdo a la literatura. De los datos obtenidos se analizó la distribución del presupuesto familiar, el lugar de compra, el miembro que toma la decisión y el que efectivamente realiza la compra, el medio de pago y los cambios en todos estos procesos a partir de la pandemia. Se determinaron adicionalmente las variables que influyen en estas decisiones, evidenciando que en algunos casos resultaron ser significativas el nivel de renta, el número de hijos, el género, el tipo de vivienda, dependiendo del tipo de bien y decisión que se tome. Por último, se conoció cómo la pandemia influyó en el cambio de los hábitos de compra de los consumidores latacungueños, principalmente asociados con las compras en línea o mediante el empleo de plataformas tecnológicas. Mediante la información recopilada se obtuvieron como resultados que el consumidor latacungueño, pertenece a un nivel de renta bajo, ya que percibe entre los 400 a 800 dólares, tomando como referencia el costo de la canasta básica que comprende los 700 dólares. Además, se pudo observar que la madre es la encargada de comprar los productos de primera necesidad, y el padre realiza las compras de tecnología. También se puede evidenciar que en Latacunga el consumidor prefiere realizar sus pagos en efecto. Los consumidores latacungueños realizan sus compras de alimentos de manera semanal y quincenal, los productos de limpieza son adquiridos de manera mensual, y productos como equipamiento personal, ropa y calzado, tecnología se adquieren en períodos mayores a un semestre. Mediante la metodología de los mínimos x cuadrados ordinarios se analizaron las variables significativas en cuanto a la distribución del presupuesto, frecuencia de compra y método de pago, dando como resultado que las variables que más intervienen en estos procesos son, el nivel de renta, el nivel educativo, la parroquia, el número de hijos, y el género. En cuanto a los cambios en los hábitos de compra del consumidor en la ciudad de Latacunga a partir de la pandemia, se puede resaltar que las personas realizan compras con menor frecuencia, y optaron por compras por medio de delivery (servicio a domicilio), sabiendo que en los años anteriores este medio de compra no era tan común en la ciudad de Latacunga

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries