Effect of citric acid and polymer blend on characteristics of ofloxacin floating matrix tablets by factorial design

The present investigation deals with the development of floating matrix tablet containing Ofloxacin, to prolong the gastric residence time, thereby effective in eradication of Helicobacter pylori from the gastric mucosa. A 32 factorial design was employed to formulate floating matrix tablet selecting polymer blend ratio [hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) / sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC)] and content of citric acid as independent variables. Time required for 50 % of drug release (t50 %), percentage drug release at 8 h (Q8), floating duration (h) and diffusion exponent (n) were selected as dependent variables. Multiple regression analysis with two way ANOVA revealed statistically significant effect of the two independent variables on the responses studied (P 8 varied from ~ 76 % to ~100 % whereas t50 % ranged from 1.7 h to 3.7 h. The kinetics of drug release fitted best to Higuchi diffusion controlled model.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Sunflower Oil Entrapped within Buoyant Beads of Furosemide

The purpose of the present study was to develop buoyant beads for the intragastric delivery of furosemide in order to evaluate the effect of incorporated sunflower oil on physiochemical properties of alginate beads. Sunflower oil entrapped buoyant alginate beads of furosemide were prepared by the emulsion-gelation technique. During the preparation of various batches of beads, the ratio of sunflower oil to water (v/v), the ratio of drug to polymer (w/w), were kept as variables at two levels; either high or low. Smooth, spherical beads with nominal weight variation were obtained. All batches of beads floated for 24 hours with a lag time of 5–10 min. The release of drug followed for 5 hours. Higuchi and first order kinetic modeling indicated a diffusion-controlled release of drug from the beads. The study also demonstrated the influence of sunflower oil on drug entrapment (81–95%) and in vitro release. A higher level of oil increased drug entrapment efficiency but retarded drug release rate as compared to a lower level of oil containing beads

Beverage-induced enhanced bioavailability of carbamazepine and its consequent effect on antiepileptic activity and toxicity

The present study was undertaken to investigate the food–drug interaction of carbamazepine (CBZ). Common fruit juices [grapefruit juice (GFJ), lime juice (LJ)], known to inhibit the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), and some widely consumed beverages [milk (M), black tea (BT)] were involved in this study in the presence of CBZ, as might happen during clinical therapy. The effects of the beverages on the pharmacokinetics and drug-induced toxicity of CBZ was observed after concomitant administration for a period of 28 days. Accordingly, the influence of altered bioavailability of CBZ on its antiepileptic activity was investigated. A significant shift in the Cmax as well as Tmax of CBZ was observed in the presence of LJ and GFJ. This increase in bioavailability significantly enhanced hepatotoxicity and delayed the onset of tremor and piloerection against pentylene tetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure in experimental animals. However, increased toxicity of CBZ was found to be absent with BT. Thus, from our observation, LJ or GFJ in the presence of CBZ significantly increased the bioavailability of CBZ, which might lead to increased toxicity and antiepileptic activity of the drug

Additional file 1: of Cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest induced by andrographolide lead to programmed cell death of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line

Andrographolide-induced externalization of phosphatidyl serine and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Figure S1. Effect of andrographolide treatment on apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Cells were treated with IC50 concentration of andrographolide for 48 h, double stained with annexin V-FITC/PI and analyzed in a FACSVerse™ (Becton Dickinson, USA) flow cytometer. The percentage Annexin V-positive population refers apoptosis induction (region 2 and 4). Data are representative of three independent experiments. (PDF 88 kb