A Combined Dual Leader and Relay Node Selection for Markov Cluster Based WSN Routing Protocol

The major challenge in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is to increase the node’s lifespan and decrease energy utilization. To avoid this issue, many Clustering Routing Protocols (CRPs) have been developed, where Cluster Head (CH) in each cluster accumulates the data from each other node and transfers it to the sink through Relay Nodes (RNs). But both CHs and RNs dissipate more energy to aggregate and transfer data. As a result, it is vital to choose the appropriate CHs and RNs concurrently to reduce energy utilization. Hence, this article proposes a Weighted Markov Clustering with Dual Leader and Relay node Selection based CRP (WMCL-DLRS-CRP) in WSNs. This protocol aims to lessen energy dissipation during inter- and intra-cluster communication. Initially, a Markov Clustering (MCL) algorithm is applied by the sink to create nodes into clusters based on a threshold distance. Then, a dual leader selection scheme is proposed to elect dual CHs in each cluster according to the node weighting factor that considers the node’s remaining energy, the distance between CHs and sink, the distance among all nodes, and abundance. Also, an RN selection scheme is proposed to choose the appropriate RNs based on a new Predicted Transmission Rate (PTR) factor. Moreover, the elected RNs transfer the data from the CHs to the sink, resulting in a tradeoff between the node’s energy utilization and lifetime. At last, extensive simulations illustrate that the WMCL-DLRS-CRP achieves better network performance compared to the existing protocols

Simulation and Implementation of a High Performance Torque Control Scheme of IM Utilizing FPGA

Thi paper presents a novel approach to design and implementation of a high perfromane torque control scheme i.e. direct torque control with space vector modulation(DTC-SVM) of three phase induction motor using Field Programmable gate array (FPGA). The conventional direct torque control (DTC) is one of control scheme that is used commonly in induction motor control system. This method supports a very quick and precise torque response. However, the conventional DTC is not perfect and has some disadvantages. To minimize the ripples of the electromagnetic torque and flux linkage and to fix the variable switching frequency produced in the conventional DTC, this paper proposes improved DTC-SVM concept. Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed scheme can dramatically improve the steady state performance while preserving the dynamic performance of the conventional DTC.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v2i3.20

Change in the room temperature magnetic property of ZnO upon Mn doping

We present in this paper the changes in the room temperature magnetic property of ZnO on Mn doping prepared using solvo-thermal process. The zero field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) magnetisation of undoped ZnO showed bifurcation and magnetic hysteresis at room temperature. Upon Mn doping the magnetic hysteresis at room temperature and the bifurcation in ZFC-FC magnetization vanishes. The results seem to indicate that undoped ZnO is ferromagnetic while on the other hand the Mn doped ZnO is not a ferromagnetic system. We observe that on addition of Mn atoms the system shows antiferromagnetism with very giant magnetic moments.Comment: 5 figure

Research Output of Greenhouse Effect in India: A Scientometric Analysis

The research Article presents a Scientometric analyst of research output in India in the field of Greenhouse Effect during the period of 2001 to 2017 as reflected in SCOPUS Database. Collected data for a total of 568 have been published in India in the field of Greenhouse effect and it’s analyzed according to objectives. The research paper reveal that the year wise growth of literature in terms of year wise growth in the number of publications, subject areas leading to maximum publications, international affiliations, relative growth rate, doubling time and the individual contributions of authors to name a few and their publication reveals that Tiwari, G.N published highest number of papers 21 (3.70%), Document Wise Distribution show that the most number of documents are of the type article totaling to 395 (69.54%) publications. Foreign Countries Contribution in India shows that The United States of America (USA) has the top rate of involvement with 60 (31.91%)

User’s Satisfaction with Public Libraries: A Special Reference to District Central Library, Thiruvallur (Tamilnadu)

The role of public libraries in providing such goals is troublesome to contradict. Users are the most element of any library. The identification and fulfill of their needs and satisfaction are objectives any library. This paper mainly focuses on the services provided by Thiruvallur District Central Library and satisfaction level of those services from user’s perspective. It\u27s conjointly facilitated the way to perform duties and serving the most effective doable way to satisfy their valuable users attaining their satisfaction level and by decreasing the world organization satisfactory parts of library. The study so simple a descriptive Survey and applied sampling technique over three hundred users of the library. The form used as a tool to gather data and 250 questionnaires were received from respondents out of 300 questionnaires distributed. It had been discovered by the study that the library is taking part in the main role at some extent. However several areas must be revised to fulfill the expectation and intellectual wants of society

User’s Satisfaction with Public Libraries: A Special Reference to District Central Library, Thiruvallur (Tamilnadu)

The role of public libraries in providing such goals is troublesome to contradict. Users are the most element of any library. The identification and fulfill of their needs and satisfaction are objectives any library. This paper mainly focuses on the services provided by Thiruvallur District Central Library and satisfaction level of those services from user’s perspective. It\u27s conjointly facilitated the way to perform duties and serving the most effective doable way to satisfy their valuable users attaining their satisfaction level and by decreasing the world organization satisfactory parts of library. The study so simple a descriptive Survey and applied sampling technique over three hundred users of the library. The form used as a tool to gather data and 250 questionnaires were received from respondents out of 300 questionnaires distributed. It had been discovered by the study that the library is taking part in the main role at some extent. However several areas must be revised to fulfill the expectation and intellectual wants of society

Effect of supplementary sugar feeding on colony growth of Asiatic hive bee, Apis cerana indica F.

Honey bees also known as "Angels of Agriculture" are arguably the most vital insects on the planet. Bee nutrition is an important aspect of colony management. Supplementary feeding is essential for maintaining the strength and health of honey bee colonies, especially during dearth periods. Experiments were conducted to evaluate a suitable, cheaper carbohydrate supplement and its effect on the colony growth of the Asiatic hive bee Apis cerana indica. Four different sugar syrup components, viz., sugar, water, milk and glucose, were combined to form  seven treatments : T1-Sugar: water (1:1), T2-Sugar: water (1:1) + Glucose (2%),T3- Sugar: water (1:1) + Desi cow’s milk (2%),T4- Sugar + water (2:1), T5- Sugar + water (2:1) + Glucose (2%) ,T6- Sugar + water (2:1) + Desi cow’s milk (2%) and T7-Control and evaluated to select honey bee colonies . Among the different sugar syrup feeding treatments, the colonies fed with T2 - Sugar: water (1:1) + Glucose (2%) had a profound effect within a month and the colonies recorded an increase in sealed brood area from 175.66 cm2 to 425.00 cm2, honey store area from 49.00 cm2 to 130.33 cm2, pollen store area from 47. 33 cm2 to 125.33 cm2, adult bee population from 4318.66 bees/colony to 4933.33 bees/colony. The work is new to A. cerana indica. Many of their bee colonies suffer from poor nutrition and absconding during the dearth period. The present study will help the beekeeping farmers maintain these Asiatic honey bee colonies during the starved period and will be useful in income generation.          

Degradation of o-Chlorophenol from aqueous solution by electro-fenton process

The study explores the utility of the electro-Fenton process for the degradation of o-chlorophenol (o-CP) from aqueous solution. The extent of degradation of o-CP is found to be a function of applied current, electrolysis time, concentration of o-CP and concentration of ferrous ions. Under optimized conditions it is possible to achieve efficiencies higher than 70%. Accelerating the regeneration of Fe2+ ions in the electrolyte determines the efficiency of the process. Addition of goethite as a catalyst in the medium did not significantly improve the process efficiency