Elevated monocyte HLA-DR in pediatric secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a retrospective study

IntroductionHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening condition, and its diagnosis may be challenging. In particular, some cases show close similarities to sepsis (fever, organ failure, and high ferritin), but their treatment, while urgent, differ: prompt broad-spectrum antibiotherapy for sepsis and immunosuppressive treatment for HLH. We questioned whether monocyte human leucocyte antigen (mHLA)–DR could be a diagnostic marker for secondary HLH (sHLH).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed data from patients with a sHLH diagnosis and mHLA-DR quantification. mHLA-DR data from healthy children and children with septic shock, whose HLA-DR expression is reduced, from a previously published study were also included for comparison.ResultsSix patients with sHLH had mHLA-DR quantification. The median level of monocyte mHLA-DR expression in patients with sHLH [79,409 antibodies bound per cell (AB/C), interquartile range (IQR) (75,734–86,453)] was significantly higher than that in healthy children and those with septic shock (29,668 AB/C, IQR (24,335–39,199), and 7,493 AB/C, IQR (3,758–14,659), respectively). Each patient with sHLH had a mHLA-DR higher than our laboratory normal values. Four patients had a second mHLA-DR sampling 2 to 4 days after the initial analysis and treatment initiation with high-dose corticosteroids; for all patients, mHLA-DR decreased to within or close to the normal range. One patient with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis had repeated mHLA-DR measurements over a 200-day period during which she underwent four HLH episodes. mHLA-DR increased during relapses and normalized after treatment incrementation.ConclusionIn this small series, mHLA-DR was systematically elevated in patients with sHLH. Elevated mHLA-DR could contribute to sHLH diagnosis and help earlier distinction with septic shock

Schéma de Développement Territorial de la Grande Région - CAHIER THEMATIQUE N°1 : Dynamiques démographiques et les besoins territoriaux associés

Die Aktion 3 des Interreg-Projektes REK GR mit dem Namen « Eine gemeinsam genutzte Wissensbasis und eine gemeinsame Sprache entwickeln » zielt darauf ab, das Gebiet der Großregion aus Sicht mehrerer Themen zu beleuchten. Vier Themen wurden festgehalten und werden jeweils in einem spezifischen Heft ausgearbeitet. Ein fünftes Heft fasst die beiden Workshops zusammen, an denen alle Schlüsselakteure der Großregion beteiligt waren, um die sektoriellen und bereichsübergreifenden Herausforderungen der künftigen territorialen Entwicklung zu bestimmen (Risiken und Chancen). - Themenheft Nr. 1: Demographische Dynamik und damit verbundene räumliche Erfordernisse - Themenheft Nr. 2: Mobilität von Personen und Gütern - Themenheft Nr. 3: Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung - Themenheft Nr. 4: Umwelt – Energie - Zusammenfassendes Heft Nr. 5: Herausforderungen der territorialen Entwicklung der GroßregionSDTG

Pattern Formation in Low-Pressure Radio-Frequency Plasmas due to a Transport Instability

International audiencePattern formation, observed experimentally in a radio-frequency plasma in annular geometry, and characterized by azimuthal symmetry breaking of the plasma parameters, is reported. The azimuthal modulation increases with increasing pressure in the range 1-300 Pa. These experimental observations are accurately described by a fluid model in which the transport coefficients are computed from a 0D Boltzmann kinetic equation. A linear stability analysis shows that unstable modulations develop at low and intermediate pressures, following an instability mechanism due to an energy transport effect-the instability mechanism lies in the sign of off-diagonal terms for the electron particles and energy fluxes expressed as functions of gradients of the plasma density and the electron temperature. This model is an excellent candidate to explain the occurrence of striations in radio-frequency plasmas

Elaboration of a non intrusive diagnosis tool for the detection of water management defaults and CO poisoning in PEMFC stacks

International audienc

No evidence for genetic differentiation between French and Belgian populations of the exotic tree Robinia pseudoacacia

National audienc

Study of iron sulphides origin in archeological artefacts by determination of sulphur isotopic ratio

International audienc

Elaboration of a non intrusive diagnosis tool for the detection of water management defaults and CO poisoning in PEMFC stacks

International audienc

Influence of habitat fragmentation and habitat amount on soil fungi communities in ancient forests

International audienceContext Fungi represent a large part of soil biodiversity as well as an essential role for tree hydromineral nutrition, survival, and carbon cycling. While their local diversity has proven to be shaped by abiotic and biotic factors related to soil, climate and vegetation, their response to landscape fragmentation is still debated. Objectives In this paper, we focus on ancient forests characterized by the presence of beech at low elevation, a habitat particularly fragmented in South-West France. We aim to assess the effect of past and present forest fragmentation and quantity on soil fungal and functional group diversity. We expect a negative impact of fragmentation and a positive effect of forest quantity on soil fungal diversity, in addition to an influence of local soil factors. Methods Soils from 41 1ha ancient forest plots across South-West France were sampled along gradients of past and present forest fragmentation and quantity, before their fungal diversity was characterized by metabarcoding of environmental DNA. Hill numbers have been computed and applied to all fungi, trophic guilds and growth forms. Results We find that past forest fragmentation negatively impacts on soil fungal diversity and in particular for symbiotrophs, while the present forest quantity has a positive impact. In contrast, the species richness of pathotrophic fungi shows a negative correlation with past forest fragmentation. The diversity of fungal groups with lower dispersal abilities (e.g., corticioid, microfungi) is negatively impacted by past forest fragmentation, while the diversity of wind-dispersed fungi (e.g., agaricoid) is not influenced by any landscape descriptors. Conclusions Our results show the complexity of fungal responses to past and present forest fragmentation and demonstrate the long-lasting effect of past fragmentation as well as the positive impact of recent forest quantity in the landscape on fungal diversity associated with ancient forest soils. Our study also highlights the huge diversity of fungi unraveled by eDNA metabarcoding in this habitat and the potential of such techniques to study the landscape ecology of soil communities