Building human capital for the tourism sector : a case study from Yemen

This thesis examines how investing in tourism education was explored as an attractive national development policy in Yemen, where this education would provide the human capital needed for the sector to grow. This examination adopted a dual lens, namely the lens of policy makers responsible for the creation of this educational process as well as that of the students involved. The underlying thought for this research can be summed up in the simple notion: How successful is an educational institution in creating human capital for the tourism sector as seen by both the policymakers and the young people engaged? Responding to this question requires considering the intended goals of both policymakers and students, seen as to accelerate national development and individual wellbeing respectively. Investigating this question is important, particularly given Yemen’s developmental status as a Least Developed Country (LDC) experiencing recurrent cycles of instability, and based on the human capital premise that investing in education contributes positively to achieving development outcomes across the board. For this research, I used a purpose-built vocational training institute as a case study to understand more about how tourism education as an instrument to achieve development goals was understood, formulated, and executed. I relied on official documentation as well as primary data collected through interviews and focus group discussions to build the case study. Those interviewed included high-level officials and other experts as key informants, as well as students who were also engaged through in-depth focus group discussions. The collection of primary data from students enrolled in the institution was useful not only in understanding their perceptions towards the human capital development process through the institution, but also to learn more about issues that potentially contributed to the frustrations that were expressed in the Arab spring events of 2011. My research indicated that the conceptual framework used to guide policymaking in the case of NAHOTI was rather under informed and missed several important elements, thereby limiting the contributions of tourism education to development goals as intended. For example, an evaluation of evidence-based policy options was largely absent, and the process excluded taking into account the views and priorities of the young people despite their central role and contributions to the success of this process. This led to a range of complications that affected the viability of tourism education as a development instrument as evident in the case study. Furthermore, the research revealed another dynamics relating to expectations on returns to investment in education at both the public and private levels. For instance, the students’ expectations from the case study institution were based on their employability interests towards improving their economic prospects, and therefore they viewed the educational process in the institution largely as a means to an end in terms of improving their access to the labour market. This did not only affect their potential contributions to the tourism sector, but also added to their frustrations and disenfranchisement with governance processes at large. Finally, this research concludes with a number of findings and policy implications for the prospects of investing in human capital for development. It also proposes a range of recommendations to maximising the potential contributions of students in building human capital, through adopting a number of participatory and inclusive social dialogue measures within human capital development frameworks

Building human capital for the tourism sector : a case study from Yemen

This thesis examines how investing in tourism education was explored as an attractive national development policy in Yemen, where this education would provide the human capital needed for the sector to grow. This examination adopted a dual lens, namely the lens of policy makers responsible for the creation of this educational process as well as that of the students involved. The underlying thought for this research can be summed up in the simple notion: How successful is an educational institution in creating human capital for the tourism sector as seen by both the policymakers and the young people engaged? Responding to this question requires considering the intended goals of both policymakers and students, seen as to accelerate national development and individual wellbeing respectively. Investigating this question is important, particularly given Yemen’s developmental status as a Least Developed Country (LDC) experiencing recurrent cycles of instability, and based on the human capital premise that investing in education contributes positively to achieving development outcomes across the board. For this research, I used a purpose-built vocational training institute as a case study to understand more about how tourism education as an instrument to achieve development goals was understood, formulated, and executed. I relied on official documentation as well as primary data collected through interviews and focus group discussions to build the case study. Those interviewed included high-level officials and other experts as key informants, as well as students who were also engaged through in-depth focus group discussions. The collection of primary data from students enrolled in the institution was useful not only in understanding their perceptions towards the human capital development process through the institution, but also to learn more about issues that potentially contributed to the frustrations that were expressed in the Arab spring events of 2011. My research indicated that the conceptual framework used to guide policymaking in the case of NAHOTI was rather under informed and missed several important elements, thereby limiting the contributions of tourism education to development goals as intended. For example, an evaluation of evidence-based policy options was largely absent, and the process excluded taking into account the views and priorities of the young people despite their central role and contributions to the success of this process. This led to a range of complications that affected the viability of tourism education as a development instrument as evident in the case study. Furthermore, the research revealed another dynamics relating to expectations on returns to investment in education at both the public and private levels. For instance, the students’ expectations from the case study institution were based on their employability interests towards improving their economic prospects, and therefore they viewed the educational process in the institution largely as a means to an end in terms of improving their access to the labour market. This did not only affect their potential contributions to the tourism sector, but also added to their frustrations and disenfranchisement with governance processes at large. Finally, this research concludes with a number of findings and policy implications for the prospects of investing in human capital for development. It also proposes a range of recommendations to maximising the potential contributions of students in building human capital, through adopting a number of participatory and inclusive social dialogue measures within human capital development frameworks

Brand Building Strategies of SMEs in Yemen:A Grounded Research that Investigates if Yemeni SMEs Follow Western Theory in Brand Building Practices

Today’s discourse of globalization is highly influenced by western powers; it is no news that this is evident in all walks of life starting with the global political economy and international trade, to the media and the collective body of knowledge, resulting in a less accurate representation of the global scenario, resulting in creating a new world economy based on western conceptualization & theory. Nevertheless, the experience of multinational corporations such as Procter & gamble, McDonalds and Microsoft in their globalization processes’ have indicated time and again that one of the most important obstacles they faced during their globalization process was the issue of culture, as the discourse of globalization is motivated by harvesting international business opportunities, rather than by cultural bridging

Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Aufbereitung von Wurzelkanälen mit rotierenden Nickel- Titan- Instrumenten

Es wurden 120 Kanäle in Kunststoffblöckchen mit acht rotierenden NiTi-Systemen aufbereitet, die Ergebnisse hinsichtlich Kanalform und Behandlungsablauf verglichen und der Materialabtrag segmentbezogen morphometrisch ausgewertet. Außerdem wurden die Instrumente auf Beschädigungen untersucht. Für jeden Kanal erfolgten die Messung der Präparationsdauer und die Bestimmung des Lerneffekts für die Systeme. Für Instrumente aus martensitischem Material waren der beste Formerhalt, ein gleichmäßiger Materialabtrag und schnellste Präparation zu beobachten

Dermacoccus sp. isolated from a brain abscess in a 4-year-old child

Dermacoccus spp. have rarely been reported as human pathogens. We describe a case of a 4-year-old boywith congenital heart disease who was diagnosed with a brain abscess. The abscess was drained and thesample grew Streptococcus intermedius, Aggregatibacter aphrophilus and Dermacoccus sp..Dermacoccus grew after 5 days of incubation and the patient was treated with meropenem.</p

Didactic in the disciplines of pedagogy courses in Brazil and the occurrence of thematic school library: a bibliometric study of the bibliographic influences

Objetiva-se conhecer as influências bibliográficas nas disciplinas de didática em cursos de Pedagogia no Brasil e a ocorrência da temática biblioteca escolar. Trata-se de um estudo bibliométrico das referências/citações aplicado aos planos de ensino. Na metodologia selecionamos um Corpus composto por 29 universidades: (6) da região norte, (8) da região nordeste, (4) da região centro-oeste (7) da região sudeste e (4) da região sul. Com a caracterização das disciplinas de didática foram identificados publicações e autores mais citados. Constatou-se, por meio da análise dos sumários e índices das publicações e pela leitura técnica dos 19 livros mais influentes, que nenhuma apresenta ou discute a temática biblioteca escolar de maneira substancial. Pode-se afirmar que a compreensão da biblioteca escolar como instrumento pedagógico não está concreta para os estudiosos da área de didática. Porém, é relevante reafirmar o potencial pedagógico da biblioteca escolar na trajetória escolar do aluno, principalmente àqueles inseridos nas séries iniciais.It aims to know the influences of didactic literature in the disciplines of pedagogy courses in Brazil and the occurrence of theme of school library. The research can be classified as a bibliometric study of references / citations applied to discipline’s programs. The population consists of 29 universities: (6) in the Northern region, (8) of the Northeastern region, (4) the Midwest (7) and the Southeast (4) in the South. With the characterization of subjects were identified didactic publications and authors cited. It was found through the analysis of indexes and abstracts of the publications and for the technical reading of the 19 most influential books, presents the theme that no school library substantially. It can be stated that the understanding of the school library as an educational tool is not practical for researchers in the area of teaching. However, it is important to reaffirm the teaching potential of the school library in the school life of the student, especially those entered in the initial series

A Turning Point for Paediatric Developmental Services in Oman : Establishment of a national autism screening programme

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Agriculture Carrying Capacity Evaluation of Land Subsidence Area in Yogyakarta Special Province

The Special Region of Yogyakarta Province is one of the regions where the agricultural sector serves as a significant source of income. Due to the development of the region in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province, several districts have experienced a decline in agricultural land due to land conversion for residential purposes. The ability of an area to achieve food self -sufficiency or meet its own food needs can be assessed through Land Carrying Capacity (DDL) and food availability. This analysis of Land Carrying Capacity for Agriculture and Food Availability employs a quantitative descriptive method. The land carrying capacity in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province in 2022 indicates that all districts/cities have a DDL value of <1. This implies that the districts/cities in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province cannot achieve food self-sufficiency and cannot adequately meet the population’s food needs

The Impact of Multiple Autoclave Cycles on the Surface Roughness of Thermally Treated Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Files

In this study, we evaluate the surface roughness (SR) of three thermally treated nickel-titanium rotary instruments (i.e., TruNatomy [TN], ProTaper Gold [PTG], and EdgeTaper Platinum [ETP]) after impact testing with multiple autoclave sterilization cycles using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Overall, 60 thermally treated files were sourced (i.e., 20 TN, 20 ETP, and 20 PTG files), and each group was divided into four equal subgroups of five files (n = 5). An unsterilized group was assigned as the pre-autoclaving group (Cycle 0), and the other three groups underwent various autoclave sterilization cycles (Cycles 1, 5, and 10). The roughness average (Ra), root mean square (Rq), and average maximum peak-to-valley height (Rz) values were evaluated using SEM and ImageJ software. The Shapiro-Wilk test, one-way analysis of variance, and post-hoc Tukey test were used to analyze the data. The statistical significance level was set at p<0.05. Before autoclaving, all instruments showed debris and SR but with no statistically significant differences existing between the groups. SR values decreased after one autoclaving cycle for all instruments. After five autoclave cycles, the Rz value of ETP was statistically higher compared with PTG and TN. After 10 autoclave cycles, the Ra and Rq values of TN were statistically higher compared with ETP and PTG. These results suggest that multiple autoclaving sterilization cycles influence the SR of TN, PTG, and ETP, with ETP showing higher levels of surface irregularities than PTG and TN.Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2022R162), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia