Level of Awareness about HIV/AIDS among Ever Married Women in Bangladesh

Abstract Ever married women are more vulnerable group to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), HIV/AIDS infection, and unplanned pregnancies. The aims of this study are to assess the level of awareness among ever married women on HIV/AIDS and to determine the affecting factors influenced knowledge and awareness about HIV/AIDS regarding its prevention and control. The data on 10,996 ever married women in their reproductive span (15-49 years) was taken from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2007. The statistical tools, Chi square (χ 2 ) test and binary logistic regression analysis have been performed to analyse the data. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses identified that respondent's education, husband's education, husband's occupation, age at marriage, watching TV, electricity in the household, marital status, and residence are found to have statistically significant effects with HIV/AIDS awareness (p<0.01). Marriage in the older age (>18 years), education, and mass media campaigns are strongly suggested for increasing knowledge and awareness to be controlled the spread of HIV/AIDS as well as STDs among ever married women in Bangladesh

HEAVY METAL TOXICITY IN FISHES OF POLLUTED LAKES OF DHAKA CITYAND ITS IMPACTS ON HUMAN HEALTH

The City of Dhaka is not built up plan wise from the beginning yet till date. The land uses are not following the urbanization rules correctly. Due to the laggings of proper water and air flow and basic treatment of household and industrial utilizing water, some of the major health issues are concerned. This research works is on the focus of heavy metal contamination in fishes of two major lakes in Dhaka city called Dhanmondi Lake and Gulshan Lake. The research is focusing mainly the study on Cr, Cd and Pb concentration in fishes along with other elements. Concentration of Cr is found in ranges of 3.45 μg/gm – 10.25 μg/gm, Cd is 2.17 μg/gm – 9.78 μg/gm and Pb is 1.132 – 7.102 μg/gm. The major element K and Ca with other trace elements are also projected. The data acquisition setup is calibrated using 2.2 MeV proton beam in the current ranges of 5nA to 15nA. The Van-de Graff Accelerator of Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka has been used for sample irradiation. The IBA technique Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) has been applied using Si(Li) detector (SL30165) and other ORTEC nuclear electronics. The calibration and standardization of PIXE setup has been done using X-ray source, and IAEA standard CuSx (thin), Soil-7 (thick)

UGROŽENE VRSTE RIBA U SVIJETU: Pethia ticto (Hamilton, 1822) (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

The threatened Ticto barb Pethia ticto is a small indigenous fish species widely distributed in the natural waters of Asian countries. Previously it was known as Puntius ticto. Natural populations have been reduced seriously to the verge of extinction due to excess exploitation and ecological changes in their natural habitats. This paper suggests the actions for the conservation of the remaining isolated population of P. ticto in Asian countries.Ugrožena indijska autohtona vrsta, Pethia ticto, široko je rasprostranjena u prirodnim vodama azijskih zemalja. Ranije je bila poznata kao Puntius ticto. Prirodne su populacije ozbiljno smanjene te na rubu izumiranja zbog viška eksploatacije i ekoloških promjena u njihovim prirodnim staništima. U radu se predlažu mjere za očuvanje preostalih izoliranih populacija P. ticto u azijskim zemljama

Elemental Study of Bangladeshi Fish Samples Using PIGE Technique

Proton induced gamma emission (PIGE) method has been developed at the Accelerator Laboratory of Atomic Energy Center, Dhaka (AECD) for the investigation of various human health related specimens. In the present study PIGE analytical technique has been used for the determination of numerous trace elements in some commonly used fish samples which were collected from Islampur area at Savar. During the experimental work the γrays emitted from the prepared fish samples were measured using a Highpurity Germenium (HPGe) detector. The detected 18 elements were Iron, Calcium, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminum, Potassium, Vanadium, Chromium, Manganese, Copper, Zinc, Selenium, Bromine, Rubidium, Strontium, Cadmium, Iodine, Lead etc. The objective of this study was to measure the concentrations of these trace elements in the collected fish samples and to investigate whether their concentrations are harmful for human health by comparison with limits set by WHO/FAO. The results obtained indicate that Fe, K and Ca concentrations were relatively high in all samples as compared with the other elements. The measured elemental concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr and V in all fish samples were found to be above the WHO/FAO recommended limits

Morphometric and meristic traits of three ambassid fish species (Chanda nama, Parambassis lala and Parambassis ranga)

398-405This research describes the first complete and inclusive information on morphometric and meristic characteristics of three Ambassid species (Chanda nama, Parambassis lala and Parambassis ranga) from the Mathabhanga River collected during August 2017 to July 2018. In our study, range of the total length was 2.0–7.2 cm for C. nama; 1.7-3.9 cm for P. lala and 1.9-6.4 cm for P. ranga. All length-weight relationships were highly significant (p r2 values ≥ 0.900 (except W vs. PrDL relationship in P. lala, where, r2 = 0.861). Also, all length-length relationships were highly correlated with r2 values being ≥ 0.900. Based on r2 value, W vs. FL and TL vs. FL was best fitted model for all the three species among the 11 equations. The calculated fin formula is: dorsal, D. 21–22 (VIII/13–14); pectoral, P1. 8–10 (2/6–8); pelvic, P2. 6 (I/5); anal, A. 17-18 (III/14–15); and caudal, C. 20–22 (4/16–18) for C. nama; D. 20–21 (VIII/12–13); P1. 8–9 (1-2/7); P2. 6 (I/5); A. 16-18 (III/13–15); C. 18–20 (4-6/14) for P. lala and D. 20–21 (VIII/12–13); P1. 9–10 (2/7–8); P2. 6 (I/5); A. 18-20 (III/15–17); C. 22–24 (4-6/18) for P. ranga. These outcomes will be a functional tool for identification of Ambassid fishes up to species level in any water-bodies of Bangladesh as well as in the adjacent countries

UGROŽENE VRSTE RIBA U SVIJETU: Mystus gulio (Hamilton, 1822) (Siluriformes: Bagridae)

Long whiskers catfish Mystus gulio is a commercially important food fish in Asian countries. But natural population is decreasing due to over-exploitation and various ecological changes in its natural habitats. This paper suggests the steps for the conservation of the remnant isolated population of M. gulio in Asian countries.Som dugih brkova, Mystus gulio, je komercijalno važna riba u azijskim zemljama. Ipak, opadaju prirodne populacije zbog pretjeranog iskorištavanja i raznih ekoloških promjena u njihovim prirodnim staništima. U radu se predlažu koraci za očuvanje ostatka izolirane populacije M. gulio u azijskim zemljama

Internet of Things (IoT) based ECG System for Rural Health Care

Nearly 30% of the people in the rural areas of Bangladesh are below the poverty level. Moreover, due to the unavailability of modernized healthcare-related technology, nursing and diagnosis facilities are limited for rural people. Therefore, rural people are deprived of proper healthcare. In this perspective, modern technology can be facilitated to mitigate their health problems. ECG sensing tools are interfaced with the human chest, and requisite cardiovascular data is collected through an IoT device. These data are stored in the cloud incorporates with the MQTT and HTTP servers. An innovative IoT-based method for ECG monitoring systems on cardiovascular or heart patients has been suggested in this study. The ECG signal parameters P, Q, R, S, T are collected, pre-processed, and predicted to monitor the cardiovascular conditions for further health management. The machine learning algorithm is used to determine the significance of ECG signal parameters and error rate. The logistic regression model fitted the better agreements between the train and test data. The prediction has been performed to determine the variation of PQRST quality and its suitability in the ECG Monitoring System. Considering the values of quality parameters, satisfactory results are obtained. The proposed IoT-based ECG system reduces the health care cost and complexity of cardiovascular diseases in the future

MQ-MAC: A Multi-Constrained QoS-Aware Duty Cycle MAC for Heterogeneous Traffic in Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy conservation is one of the striking research issues now-a-days for power constrained wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and hence, several duty-cycle based MAC protocols have been devised for WSNs in the last few years. However, assimilation of diverse applications with different QoS requirements (i.e., delay and reliability) within the same network also necessitates in devising a generic duty-cycle based MAC protocol that can achieve both the delay and reliability guarantee, termed as multi-constrained QoS, while preserving the energy efficiency. To address this, in this paper, we propose a Multi-constrained QoS-aware duty-cycle MAC for heterogeneous traffic in WSNs (MQ-MAC). MQ-MAC classifies the traffic based on their multi-constrained QoS demands. Through extensive simulation using ns-2 we evaluate the performance of MQ-MAC. MQ-MAC provides the desired delay and reliability guarantee according to the nature of the traffic classes as well as achieves energy efficiency

ATLAS: A Traffic Load Aware Sensor MAC Design for Collaborative Body Area Sensor Networks

In collaborative body sensor networks, namely wireless body area networks (WBANs), each of the physical sensor applications is used to collaboratively monitor the health status of the human body. The applications of WBANs comprise diverse and dynamic traffic loads such as very low-rate periodic monitoring (i.e., observation) data and high-rate traffic including event-triggered bursts. Therefore, in designing a medium access control (MAC) protocol for WBANs, energy conservation should be the primary concern during low-traffic periods, whereas a balance between satisfying high-throughput demand and efficient energy usage is necessary during high-traffic times. In this paper, we design a traffic load-aware innovative MAC solution for WBANs, called ATLAS. The design exploits the superframe structure of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, and it adaptively uses the contention access period (CAP), contention free period (CFP) and inactive period (IP) of the superframe based on estimated traffic load, by applying a dynamic “wh” (whenever which is required) approach. Unlike earlier work, the proposed MAC design includes load estimation for network load-status awareness and a multi-hop communication pattern in order to prevent energy loss associated with long range transmission. Finally, ATLAS is evaluated through extensive simulations in ns-2 and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the protocol