La resistencia globular sus bases, aplicaciones clinicas en general, su valor diagnóstico en el cáncer

El verso de las h. en blanco. Tesis de doctorado leída en la Universidad Central el 2 de diciembre de 1909.Universidad Central (Madrid)TRUEProQuestpu

Enantioselective alkylation of β-keto esters promoted by dimeric Cinchona-derived ammonium salts as recoverable organocatalysts

Dimeric anthracenyldimethyl-derived Cinchona ammonium salts are used as chiral organocatalysts in 5 mol% for the phase-transfer enantioselective alkylation reaction of 2-alkoxycarbonyl-1-indanones with activated bromides. The corresponding adducts bearing a new all-carbon quaternary center are obtained usually in high yield and with moderate and opposite enantioselectivity (up to 55%) when using ammonium salts derived from quinidine and its pseudoenantiomer quinine as organocatalysts. These catalysts can be almost quantitatively recovered by precipitation in ether and reused.Financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (projects CTQ2007-62771/BQU and Consolider Ingenio 2010, CSD2007-00006), the Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo/2009/039), FEDER and the University of Alicante

L'evolució demogràfica de la Costera de Ranes segons la contribució de menjadors (1610-1681)

it is considered that the expulsion of the Moors of València caused a demographic impact, as well as a structural change in the occupation of the Valencian region, which was one the reasons for the later valencian development. This paper analyzes the demographic evolution Post-Moorish of a fragment of the Costera de Ranes, term of Xàtiva, from registers kept on the collection of the municipal contribution of Menjadors. The right of menjadors was a direct tax that residents of the particular contribution of Xàtiva had to pay for being neighbors of Xàtiva 'and enjoy all the exemptions, franchises and immunities enjoyed by the neighbords' of Xàtiva. Therefore, it helps us to know how many people lived in each place of the particular contribution of the city

Techno-economic performance evaluation of solar tower plants with integrated multilayered PCM thermocline thermal energy storage: a comparative study to conventional two-tank storage systems

Copyright 2016 AIP Publishing. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing.Solar Tower Power Plants with thermal energy storage are a promising technology for dispatchable renewable energy in the near future. Storage integration makes possible to shift the electricity production to more profitable peak hours. Usually two tanks are used to store cold and hot fluids, but this means both higher investment costs and difficulties during the operation of the variable volume tanks. Instead, another solution can be a single tank thermocline storage in a multi-layered configuration. In such tank both latent and sensible fillers are employed to decrease the related cost up to 30% and maintain high efficiencies. This paper analyses a multi-layered solid PCM storage tank concept for solar tower applications, and describes a comprehensive methodology to determine under which market structures such devices can outperform the more conventional two tank storage systems. A detail model of the tank has been developed and introduced in an existing techno-economic tool developed by the authors (DYESOPT). The results show that under current cost estimates and technical limitations the multi-layered solid PCM storage concept is a better solution when peaking operating strategies are desired, as it is the case for the two-tier South African tariff scheme.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

The prevalence and impact of special issues in communications journals 2015–2019

This article analyses special issues, also referred to as thematic issues, monographic issues, or supplements, a mode of scientific journal publishing that has rarely been studied. It presents a bibliometric analysis of the production of journals in the field of communication in the period 2015–2019 and studies the impact of the publication of special issues in this field. The sample analysed includes 21,458 articles and reviews, 524 special issues, 418 publishers, and 94 journals. The study considers the presence of special issues in communication journals and the distribution and number of papers published in them and compares the impact of papers published in this mode with papers published in regular issues. The results reveal that 19% of articles and reviews published in the period studied appeared in special issues, which generally contain the same number of articles as regular issues. Moreover, 75% of journals achieved a higher average impact factor with articles published in special issues than they did with articles in regular issues. It is concluded that the publication of special issues appears to offer the potential benefits of attracting submissions, increasing profits, and improving impact, although it also has disadvantages. A reflection is offered on the strengths and weaknesses of this publishing practice

Long-acting injectable aripiprazole in pregnant women with schizophrenia: a case-series report

Antipsychotic long-acting formulations (LAI-AP) have emerged as a new therapeutic choice to treat patients presenting a severe mental disorder. Despite that, to date, there is a lack of safety data and studies regarding the use of LAI-AP formulations in pregnant women. Here we present the first six-case series of pregnant women with schizophrenia treated with aripiprazole-LAI reported in the literature. All patients remained psychopathologically stable through pregnancy and the postpartum period, and all of them were in treatment with aripiprazole-LAI. To date, all infants remain healthy with normal developmental milestones, without the presence of congenital malformations or adverse effects. Lack of information on safety data regarding the use of new antipsychotic formulations remains important in treating women with mental illness who desire to become pregnant. Further studies in this clinical population with a larger number of patients included remains necessary

Retos y nuevas perspectivas en la revegetación de sistemas forestales

Entre los días 21 y 23 de noviembre de 2007 tuvo lugar la I Reunión del Grupo de Trabajo de Repoblaciones Forestales de la Sociedad Española de Ciencias Forestales (SECF) y el grupo de trabajo de Restauración Ecológica de la Asociación Española de Ecología Terrestre, y IV Reunión del Grupo de Trabajo de Repoblaciones Forestales de la SECF en las instalaciones del Rectorado de la Universidad de Alcalá. A la reunión asistieron 74 participantes, y se presentaron un total de 39 comunicaciones orales, 18 paneles y 8 ponencias invitadas. Además, se presentó el libro “Calidad de Planta Forestal para la Restauración en Ambientes Mediterráneos” y se organizaron dos mesas redondas, una sobre “Necesidades reales de investigación en calidad de planta y cultivo de planta forestal en vivero” (Tabla 1) y otra sobre “Necesidades reales de la investigación en reforestación” (Tabla 2, 3). Una densa agenda para alcanzar los principales objetivos de la reunión, la presentación de investigación de calidad en el ámbito de la revegetación de sistemas forestales, y el intercambio de experiencias e inquietudes entre los diversos colectivos implicados en la misma. Pero ¿qué imagen podemos extraer del estado actual de nuestros conocimientos en esta área a partir de las comunicaciones presentadas

Violence in first-episode psychosis: evidence from an early intervention in psychosis programme

Background Psychotic disorders are frequently associated with a public perception of dangerousness and belligerence. This situation has contributed to the social stigmatisation of people with severe mental illness and the resulting discrimination that this scenario entails. Despite efforts to demystify such disorders, the association between violent behaviour and psychosis remains unclear. Aims To explore the incidence of the main types of violent offences in a cohort of patients presenting with first-episode psychosis (FEP). Method Participants were recruited from the First Episode Psychosis Intervention Program (CRUPEP) cohort between 2009 and 2016. The main clinical variables were collected, including medical-forensic records of participants registered at the Basque Institute of Forensic Medicine (BIFM), to identify any violent acts in which participants were involved, either as victims or as offenders. Results Overall, 79.5% (n = 182) of the participants had no record of violent crime or offence recorded in the BIFM. Annual crime rates for the 2009–2016 period show a decreasing trend in both the general population (IRR = 0.981, 95% CI 0.978–0.983, P < 0.001) and in the FEP group (IRR = 0.019, 95% CI 0.012–0.028, P < 0.001); this pattern is more pronounced in the FEP group. Victimisation accounted for the vast majority of reported incidents; nevertheless, participants who had committed violent offences were mostly involved in intrafamily violence. Conclusions Individuals with FEP were not involved in a higher number of crimes than the general population. The types of violent acts committed by people with FEP were heterogeneous, with extreme violence being particularly uncommon

Cognitive Enhancers in Schizophrenia: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Alpha-7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists for Cognitive Deficits and Negative Symptoms

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe and enduring disease and is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Cognitive impairment is a core clinical symptom that plays a crucial role in functional outcomes and prognosis, thus making it a relevant treatment target. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists (alpha 7 nAChR) as adjunctive treatment to enhance cognition and ameliorate negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: A search strategy was developed for MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to May 2019. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared antipsychotic treatment plus alpha 7 nAChR agonists with antipsychotic treatment plus placebo and determined their effects on the main cognitive domains proposed by the MATRICS initiative and on negative symptoms. Two authors independently reviewed study eligibility and data extraction and assessed the risk of bias of the studies included. According to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework, we used a random-effects model and assessed the quality of the evidence. Results: Thirteen studies were included in the quantitative analysis. No differences were found in any of the cognitive domains assessed in four RCTs (n = 414). In contrast, nine RCTs (n = 978) presented a small effect in support of alpha 7 nAChR agonists for negative symptoms [standardized mean difference -0.28, 95% CI (-0.56 to -0.00); P = 0.05], even though the confidence to support this evidence is low according to the GRADE system. Conclusions: Current evidence is too weak to consider alpha 7 nAChR agonists as an effective add-on treatment to antipsychotics to enhance cognition and negative symptoms.The work conducted at the University of the Basque Country was funded by public grants GIU14/27, PPGA18/03, and IT1232-1

Characterization of dopamine D2 receptor coupling to G proteins in postmortem brain of subjects with schizophrenia

Background: Alterations of dopamine D-1 (D1R) and D-2 receptor (D2R) are proposed in schizophrenia but brain neuroimaging and postmortem studies have shown controversial results in relation to D1R and D2R density. Besides, scarce information on the functionality of brain D1R and D2R is available. The present study characterized G-protein activation by D1R and D2R agonists in postmortem human brain. Furthermore, D2R functional status was compared between schizophrenia and control subjects. Methods: G-protein receptor coupling was assessed in control caudate nucleus and frontal cortex by [S-35]GTP gamma S-binding stimulation induced by increasing concentrations (10(-10)-10(-3) M) of dopamine, and the selective dopaminergic agonists SKF38393 (D1R) and NPA (D2R). Concentration-response curves to NPA stimulation of [S-35]GTP gamma S binding were analyzed in antipsychotic-free (n = 10) and antipsychotic-treated (n = 7) schizophrenia subjects and matched controls (n = 17). Results: In caudate, [S-35]GTP gamma S-binding responses to agonists were compatible with the existence of functional D2R. In contrast, stimulations in cortex showed responses that did not correspond to D1R or D2R. [S-35]GTP gamma S-binding activation by NPA in caudate displayed biphasic curves with similar profile in schizophrenia (EC50H = 7.94 nM; EC50L = 7.08 mu M) and control (EC50H = 7.24 nM; EC50L = 15.14 mu M) subjects. The presence or absence of antipsychotic medication did not influence the pharmacological parameters. Conclusions: Feasibility of functional evaluation of dopamine receptors in postmortem human brain by conventional [S-35]GTP gamma S-binding assays appears to be restricted to signalling through inhibitory G(i/o) proteins. These findings provide functional information about brain D2R status in subjects with schizophrenia and do not support the existence of D2R supersensitive in this mental disorder.This work was supported by the Spanish State Research Agency and EDR Funds (SAF-2017-88126-R to JJM;PID2019-106404RB-100 to LFC), the Basque Government (IT1211/19 to JJM ; ELKARTEK Programme KK-2019/00049 to RD-A), and the National Institutes of Health (R01MH084894 & NIH-R01MH111940 to JG-M)